Genetics Unit Post-assessment (Grade 7)
There are so many ways in which the study of biology have allowed us to know our bodies on a whole new level as opposed to those hundreds of years ago. And one of those innovations is through the use of genetics – a practice which allows us to take a look at our genetic make-up and see what our chances are of developing a life-threatening illness. What do you know about the study? Let’s find out.
- 1.
A(n) is a segment of DNA that carries the instructions for producing a specific trait (Intermediate Core Curriculum 2.2a)
- A.
Chromosome
- B.
Karyotype
- C.
Enzyme
- D.
Gamete
- E.
Gene
Correct Answer
E. GeneExplanation
A gene is a segment of DNA that carries the instructions for producing a specific trait. Genes are responsible for determining the characteristics and traits of living organisms. They contain the information necessary for the synthesis of proteins, which are the building blocks of cells and perform various functions in the body. Genes can be passed down from parents to offspring, and variations in genes can lead to differences in traits among individuals.Rate this question:
-
- 2.
Kernel corn is a trait determined by two alleles. The dominant allele (P) produces a purple color, and the recessive allele (p) produces a yellow color. The diagram below shows an ear of corn produced by crossing two corn plants. The shaded kernels are purple, and the unshaded ones are yellow. The yellow corn kernels can best be described as (Intermediate Core Curriculum 2.2b).
- A.
Homozygous dominant
- B.
Hybrid
- C.
Heterozygous
- D.
Homozygous recessive
- E.
Codominant
Correct Answer
D. Homozygous recessiveExplanation
The yellow corn kernels can be best described as homozygous recessive because they have the recessive allele (p) for the kernel color trait. Since both parents must have contributed the recessive allele for the kernels to be yellow, it indicates that the kernels are homozygous recessive.Rate this question:
-
- 3.
Pea plants come in two sizes – tall plants and dwarf plants. The dominant allele (T) produces tall pea plants, and the recessive allele (t) produces dwarf pea plants. The Punnett Square below shows a cross between tall and dwarf pea plants. What is the probability that the offspring of this cross are homozygous recessive (Intermediate Core Curriculum 2.2c).
- A.
0%
- B.
25%
- C.
50%
- D.
75%
- E.
100%
Correct Answer
C. 50%Explanation
The Punnett Square shows that there is a 50% chance of the offspring being homozygous recessive. This is because the cross involves one parent that is homozygous dominant (TT) and one parent that is homozygous recessive (tt). When these two parents are crossed, all of the offspring will inherit one recessive allele from the recessive parent. Therefore, all of the offspring will be heterozygous (Tt). Since they have one recessive allele, there is a 50% chance that they will also inherit a second recessive allele from the recessive parent, making them homozygous recessive (tt).Rate this question:
-
- 4.
Below is a pedigree for an inherited heart disease. If the father labeled II 2 is heterozygous, what is the probability that the child labeled III 1 would be a carrier of heart disease (Intermediate Core Curriculum 2.2c)?
- A.
0%
- B.
25%
- C.
50%
- D.
75%
- E.
100%
Correct Answer
C. 50%Explanation
Based on the given pedigree, the father labeled II 2 is heterozygous, which means he carries one copy of the gene for the heart disease. The child labeled III 1 has a 50% chance of inheriting the gene from the father. Therefore, the probability that the child would be a carrier of heart disease is 50%.Rate this question:
-
- 5.
Which of the following is an example of how genes can be modified by the environment (Standard 2.1a):
- A.
Pleiotropy (You may inherit a gene for the complex of symptoms that are collectively called sickle-cell anemia).
- B.
Incomplete Penetrance (You may inherit the gene for diabetes but never get the disease unless you become overweight)
- C.
Epistasis (Your dog inherits a dominant allele that determines whether the fur will have dark pigment and a different allele that determines how dark the pigment will be)
- D.
Polygenic Traits (You inherit many different genes which combined effects determines your skin color).
- E.
Codominance (A cow inherits two alleles that make a positive contribution to the phenotype resulting in a black and white coat).
Correct Answer
B. Incomplete Penetrance (You may inherit the gene for diabetes but never get the disease unless you become overweight)Explanation
Incomplete penetrance refers to a situation where individuals inherit a gene but do not express the associated trait or disease. In this case, individuals may have the gene for diabetes but will only develop the disease if they become overweight. This demonstrates how the environment, in this case, being overweight, can modify the expression of genes and determine whether or not a disease is manifested.Rate this question:
-
- 6.
Which statement describes the work of Gregor Mendel (Standard 2.1a)?
- A.
He developed some basic principles of heredity without having knowledge of chromosomes.
- B.
He developed the microscope for the study of genes in pea plants.
- C.
He explained the principle of dominance on the basis of the gene-chromosome theory.
- D.
He used his knowledge of gene mutations to help explain the appearance of new traits in organisms.
- E.
He studied the beaks of finches which helped him to develop the theory of evolution by natural selection.
Correct Answer
A. He developed some basic principles of heredity without having knowledge of chromosomes.Explanation
Gregor Mendel developed some basic principles of heredity without having knowledge of chromosomes.Rate this question:
-
- 7.
Some individuals with blood group A may inherit the genes for dimples, while other individuals with blood group A may inherit the genes for no dimples. This can best be explained by the principle of (Standard 2.1b)?
- A.
Dominance
- B.
Multiple alleles
- C.
Independent assortment
- D.
Incomplete dominance
- E.
Segregation
Correct Answer
C. Independent assortmentExplanation
The principle of independent assortment states that different genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other. In this case, the presence or absence of dimples is not directly related to the blood group A. Therefore, the inheritance of dimples and blood group A can occur independently of each other, leading to some individuals with blood group A having dimples and others not having dimples.Rate this question:
-
- 8.
Chromosomes normally occur as homologous pairs in (Standard 2.1c):
- A.
A sperm cell
- B.
An egg cell
- C.
A zygote
- D.
A gamete
- E.
A haploid cell
Correct Answer
C. A zygoteExplanation
Chromosomes normally occur as homologous pairs in a zygote. A zygote is formed when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell, resulting in the fusion of their genetic material. Both the sperm and egg cells are gametes, which are haploid cells containing half the number of chromosomes found in a normal body cell. However, it is in the zygote stage that the chromosomes from the sperm and egg cells come together and form homologous pairs, allowing for genetic recombination and the development of a new individual.Rate this question:
-
- 9.
Which of the following statements is true (Standard 2.1c)?
- A.
Chromosome map percentages are not actual chromosome distances, but represent the relative position of genes.
- B.
Gene linkage is an exception to Mendel’s Law of Dominance
- C.
Genetic recombination involves both gene linkage and chromosome mapping.
- D.
Polyploid plants are avoided by plant growers because they are almost always lethal.
- E.
Each somatic cell in the human body has a different number of chromosomes depending on the function of the cell.
Correct Answer
A. Chromosome map percentages are not actual chromosome distances, but represent the relative position of genes.Explanation
The statement "Chromosome map percentages are not actual chromosome distances, but represent the relative position of genes" is true because chromosome maps are a representation of the relative positions of genes on a chromosome, rather than the actual physical distances between them. These maps are created based on the frequency of genetic recombination events that occur during meiosis, which can be used to estimate the distances between genes. Therefore, the percentages on a chromosome map indicate the relative positions of genes, not the actual physical distances.Rate this question:
-
- 10.
Breeders have developed a variety of plants with desirable characteristics. Which two biological concepts below best illustrate this concept (Standard 2.2a)?
- A.
Artificial selection and polyploidy
- B.
Grafting and hybridization
- C.
Regeneration and incubation
- D.
Vegetative propagation and binary fission
- E.
Test cross and gene linkage
Correct Answer
A. Artificial selection and polyploidyExplanation
Breeders have developed plants with desirable characteristics through artificial selection, which involves selecting and breeding individuals with specific traits. Polyploidy is another concept that can be used by breeders to develop new plant varieties. Polyploidy refers to the condition where an organism has more than two complete sets of chromosomes, which can result in larger and more robust plants with desirable traits. Both artificial selection and polyploidy are biological concepts that can be used by breeders to develop new plant varieties with desirable characteristics.Rate this question:
-
- 11.
Rate, on a scale of 1 – 4, 1 being the lowest and 4 being the highest, how much you now know about genetics.
Correct Answer
1
2
3
4Explanation
The answer to this question is 1,2,3,4 because it allows the respondent to rate their knowledge of genetics on a scale of 1 to 4. This scale ranges from the lowest level of knowledge (1) to the highest level of knowledge (4). By providing multiple options, the question accommodates a range of potential knowledge levels and allows the respondent to choose the option that best reflects their understanding of genetics.Rate this question:
- 12.
Rate, on a scale of 1 – 4, 1 being the lowest and 4 being the highest, how interested are you in genetics now.
Correct Answer
1
2
3
4Explanation
This question is asking the respondent to rate their level of interest in genetics on a scale of 1 to 4, with 1 being the lowest and 4 being the highest. The answer choices include all four options, allowing the respondent to choose the level of interest that best represents their own.Rate this question:
Quiz Review Timeline +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
-
Current Version
-
Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Apr 24, 2010Quiz Created by
Tagscience
- Anatomy Quizzes
- Bacteria Quizzes
- Bio Quizzes
- Biological Evolution Quizzes
- Biology Exam Quizzes
- Biology Test Quizzes
- Cell Quizzes
- Cell Biology Quizzes
- Chapters Of Biology Quizzes
- Classical Conditioning Quizzes
- Conservation Biology Quizzes
- Enzyme Quizzes
- Fungi Quizzes
- General Biology Quizzes
- Immunology Quizzes
- Macromolecule Quizzes
- Marine Biology Quizzes
- Microbiology Quizzes
- Mitosis And Meiosis Quizzes
- Molecular Biology Quizzes
- Parasitology Quizzes
- Physiology Quizzes
- Prokaryote Quizzes
- Protist And Fungi Quizzes
- Protozoa Quizzes
- Respiratory Quizzes
- Spine Quizzes
- Stem Cell Quizzes
- Taxonomy Quizzes
- Traits Quizzes
- Ultimate Biology Quizzes
- Virus Quizzes
- Zoology Quizzes
Back to top