Growing Up With US-February 2017

1.

Which of the following places a 10 month old at high- risk for RSV?
- A.
  
  His or her age
- B.
  
  Having a 1 day history of diarrhea
- C.
  
  Maternal age
- D.
  
  Being cared for at home by a parent who is not working
Correct Answer
A. His or her age

Explanation
A 10-month-old is at high risk for RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) because their immune system is still developing and they have not yet built up immunity to the virus. RSV is a common respiratory infection that can cause serious complications in young children, especially those under the age of 2. Therefore, the age of the child is the most significant factor in determining their risk for RSV.

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2.

Which of the following children is at increased risk for developing RSV-A?
- A.
  
  Full term 2 month old infant
- B.
  
  6 year old who attends first grade
- C.
  
  2 year old with cystic fibrosis
- D.
  
  6 month old who is breastfed.
Correct Answer
C. 2 year old with cystic fibrosis

Explanation
Children with cystic fibrosis are at an increased risk for developing RSV-A. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and respiratory system, making individuals more susceptible to respiratory infections such as RSV-A. Therefore, the 2 year old with cystic fibrosis is at a higher risk compared to the other children mentioned.

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3.

Which of the following does not make an infant born at 34 weeks gestation at risk for serious complications of RSV?
- A.
  
  having undeveloped lungs
- B.
  
  immunization before discharge
- C.
  
  poor immunity
- D.
  
  lack maternal antibodies
Correct Answer
B. immunization before discharge

Explanation
Immunization before discharge does not make an infant born at 34 weeks gestation at risk for serious complications of RSV. This is because immunization helps to protect against various diseases, including RSV, by boosting the immune system and providing antibodies that can fight off infections. Therefore, immunizing the infant before discharge can actually help reduce the risk of serious complications from RSV.

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4.

A serious complication from RSV is:
- A.
  
  Bronchitis
- B.
  
  Otitis media
- C.
  
  Bronchiolitis
- D.
  
  Croup
Correct Answer
C. Bronchiolitis

Explanation
Bronchiolitis is a serious complication from RSV. RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) is a common respiratory virus that affects the lungs and breathing passages. It can cause inflammation and swelling in the small airways of the lungs, leading to bronchiolitis. This condition is more common in infants and young children, especially those with weakened immune systems or pre-existing respiratory conditions. Bronchiolitis can cause difficulty breathing, wheezing, coughing, and in severe cases, it may require hospitalization and supportive care. Therefore, bronchiolitis is a serious complication that can arise from RSV infection.

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5.

Which finding points to a child having a severe RSV infection?
- A.
  
  Sneezing in the morning
- B.
  
  Wheezing
- C.
  
  Clear nasal drainage
- D.
  
  A low- grade fever
Correct Answer
B. Wheezing

Explanation
Wheezing is a symptom commonly associated with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children. RSV is a common respiratory virus that can cause mild to severe respiratory illness, especially in infants and young children. Wheezing is characterized by a high-pitched whistling sound when breathing out and is often a sign of airway obstruction or inflammation. Therefore, the presence of wheezing suggests a more severe RSV infection in a child.

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6.

Virtually all children in this country become infected with RSV by age 2?
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) is a highly contagious virus that affects the respiratory system, particularly in young children. It is estimated that virtually all children in this country become infected with RSV by the age of 2. This is due to the fact that RSV spreads easily through respiratory droplets and close contact with infected individuals. The high prevalence of RSV in young children is a result of their developing immune systems and frequent exposure to the virus in daycare centers, schools, and other communal settings.

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7.

In an infant and young child, which type of retractions indicates the greatest difficulty breathing?
- A.
  
  Intercostal
- B.
  
  Subcostal
- C.
  
  Supraclavicular
- D.
  
  Substernal
Correct Answer
C. Supraclavicular

Explanation
Supraclavicular retractions indicate the greatest difficulty breathing in an infant and young child. This is because the supraclavicular area is located just above the clavicle, near the base of the neck, and retractions in this area indicate significant respiratory distress. The muscles in this region are typically only used during extreme respiratory effort, suggesting that the child is struggling to breathe and using all available muscles to aid in respiration. Intercostal retractions occur between the ribs, subcostal retractions occur below the ribs, and substernal retractions occur below the sternum. While these retractions also indicate difficulty breathing, supraclavicular retractions are typically the most severe.

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8.

RSV may be spread by all of the following except?
- A.
  
  Through fecal material
- B.
  
  Inhalation of droplets from a sneeze
- C.
  
  Contact with contaminated surfaces or objects
- D.
  
  Infected healthcare providers
Correct Answer
A. Through fecal material

Explanation
RSV, or Respiratory Syncytial Virus, is primarily spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It can also be spread through direct contact with contaminated surfaces or objects. However, RSV is not typically spread through fecal material. Therefore, the correct answer is "through fecal material."

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9.

The simplest method to prevent RSV is:
- A.
  
  Administration of the RSV vaccine
- B.
  
  Covering the infant's mouth when coughing
- C.
  
  Good hand washing
- D.
  
  Prophylatic antibotic use
Correct Answer
C. Good hand washing

Explanation
Good hand washing is the simplest method to prevent RSV because RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) is primarily spread through respiratory droplets and direct contact with contaminated surfaces. Washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds can effectively remove the virus from the hands and prevent its transmission. It is a simple and effective preventive measure that can be easily incorporated into daily routines. The administration of the RSV vaccine, covering the infant's mouth when coughing, and prophylactic antibiotic use may have their own benefits, but they are not specifically targeted at preventing RSV.

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10.

Pneumonia is a serious complication of RSV?
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Pneumonia is a serious complication of RSV because RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) is a common respiratory virus that can cause infections in the lungs. In some cases, RSV can lead to pneumonia, which is an infection that causes inflammation in the air sacs of the lungs. Pneumonia can be a severe illness, especially in young children, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems. Therefore, it is important to take RSV infections seriously and seek medical attention if symptoms of pneumonia develop.

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Growing Up With US-february 2017

Which of the following places a 10 month old at high- risk for RSV?

Which of the following children is at increased risk for developing RSV-A?

Which of the following does not make an infant born at 34 weeks gestation at risk for serious complications of RSV?

A serious complication from RSV is:

Which finding points to a child having a severe RSV infection?

Virtually all children in this country become infected with RSV by age 2?

In an infant and young child, which type of retractions indicates the greatest difficulty breathing?

RSV may be spread by all of the following except?

The simplest method to prevent RSV is:

Pneumonia is a serious complication of RSV?