Honors Biology: Photosynthesis Quiz!
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Let’s take a look at one of the most fundamental topics in all of the scientific study of biology – photosynthesis! This is how a plant utilizes energy from the sun, as well as water from the roots and carbon dioxide from the air, to produce its own food
- 1.
Which of the following is a product of the Calvin cycle?
- A.
Carbon dioxide
- B.
NADP+
- C.
Oxygen
- D.
FADH2
Correct Answer
B. NADP+Explanation
NADP+ is a product of the Calvin cycle. The Calvin cycle is a series of reactions that occur in the stroma of chloroplasts during photosynthesis. It is responsible for converting carbon dioxide into glucose. NADP+ is an electron carrier molecule that accepts electrons and hydrogen ions during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. These electrons and hydrogen ions are then used in the Calvin cycle to convert carbon dioxide into glucose. Therefore, NADP+ is a product of the Calvin cycle.Rate this question:
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- 2.
In which of the following structures do the light-independent reactions take place?
- A.
Nucleus
- B.
Matrix
- C.
Thylakoids
- D.
Stroma
- E.
Cristae
Correct Answer
D. StromaExplanation
The light-independent reactions, also known as the Calvin cycle, take place in the stroma of the chloroplasts. The stroma is the fluid-filled space surrounding the thylakoids, where the light-dependent reactions occur. In the light-independent reactions, carbon dioxide is converted into glucose using the energy from ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions. The stroma provides the necessary enzymes and other molecules required for this process to occur. Therefore, the correct answer is stroma.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Photosystems are functional pigment groups located on the:
- A.
Proteins of the plasma membrane
- B.
Membranes of the thylakoids
- C.
In the stroma of the chloroplasts
- D.
In the fluids of vacuoles
Correct Answer
B. Membranes of the thylakoidsExplanation
Photosystems are functional pigment groups that are responsible for capturing light energy during photosynthesis. They are located on the membranes of the thylakoids, which are flattened sacs found within the chloroplasts. The thylakoid membranes contain the necessary pigments, such as chlorophyll, to absorb light and convert it into chemical energy. This energy is then used to drive the synthesis of ATP and the production of NADPH, which are essential for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Therefore, the correct answer is "membranes of the thylakoids".Rate this question:
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- 4.
RuBP...
- A.
Begins the Calvin cycle
- B.
Functions as an enzyme
- C.
Breaks into two equal parts
- D.
Is a 6-carbon sugar
Correct Answer
A. Begins the Calvin cycleExplanation
Remember, RuBP must join with a CO2 before it can break into two equal parts.Rate this question:
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- 5.
During photorespiration, Oxygen binds to
- A.
Phosphoglyxerate
- B.
RuBP
- C.
Malate
- D.
Carbon Dioxide
Correct Answer
B. RuBPExplanation
During photorespiration, oxygen binds to RuBP (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate). This process occurs when the concentration of carbon dioxide is low and oxygen levels are high. Oxygen competes with carbon dioxide for the active site of the enzyme RuBisCO, resulting in the binding of oxygen to RuBP instead of carbon dioxide. This leads to the formation of a two-carbon compound called phosphoglycolate, which is then converted into glycolate and further metabolized in the peroxisomes and mitochondria. This process is energetically costly and reduces the efficiency of photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 6.
In the light-dependent reactions:
- A.
Carbon dioxide is fixed
- B.
ATP and NADPH form
- C.
Carbon dioxide accepts electrons
- D.
Sugar phosphates form
Correct Answer
B. ATP and NADpH formExplanation
In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, ATP and NADPH form. This is because during this phase, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll molecules in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts. This energy is then used to generate ATP through a process called photophosphorylation, where ADP is phosphorylated to form ATP. Additionally, NADP+ molecules are reduced to form NADPH, which serves as a carrier of high-energy electrons. These ATP and NADPH molecules are subsequently used in the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) to fix carbon dioxide and produce sugar phosphates.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The green pigment in plants that is capable of absorbing the sun's energy is:
- A.
Porphyrin
- B.
Beta carotene
- C.
Chlorophyll
- D.
Thylakoid
- E.
RuBP
Correct Answer
C. ChloropHyllExplanation
Chlorophyll is the green pigment found in plants that is responsible for absorbing sunlight during photosynthesis. It is located in the chloroplasts of plant cells and plays a vital role in converting light energy into chemical energy, which is used to produce glucose and oxygen. Without chlorophyll, plants would not be able to carry out photosynthesis and produce their own food.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis:
- A.
Do not always require light energy
- B.
Are associated with the thylakoids of the chloroplasts
- C.
Take place in the stroma of the chloroplasts
- D.
Use ATP to produce glucose
- E.
Require a source of carbon dioxide
Correct Answer
B. Are associated with the thylakoids of the chloroplastsExplanation
The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis are associated with the thylakoids of the chloroplasts. This is because the thylakoids contain the pigments, such as chlorophyll, that absorb light energy. During the light-dependent reactions, these pigments capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. This energy is then used in the subsequent reactions of photosynthesis to produce glucose. Therefore, the thylakoids play a crucial role in capturing and converting light energy into chemical energy.Rate this question:
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- 9.
In the photosynthetic reaction center:
- A.
Water is split
- B.
Carbon dioxide is fixed
- C.
ATP is produced
- D.
Electrons are energized
- E.
All of these
Correct Answer
D. Electrons are energizedExplanation
Yes, water is split in the photosystem, but not in the reaction center!Rate this question:
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- 10.
The oxygen released during photosynthesis comes from the:
- A.
Splitting of water molecules
- B.
Splitting of carbon dioxide molecules
- C.
Formation of ATP
- D.
Formation of glucose
- E.
Combination of oxygen atoms and high-energy electrons
Correct Answer
A. Splitting of water moleculesExplanation
During photosynthesis, plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. The oxygen released in this process comes from the splitting of water molecules. Through a series of complex reactions, the energy from sunlight is used to break down water molecules into oxygen, hydrogen ions, and electrons. The oxygen is then released as a byproduct, while the hydrogen ions and electrons are used in the formation of glucose. Therefore, the correct answer is the splitting of water molecules.Rate this question:
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- 11.
In noncyclic electron flow, electrons that leave the chlorophyll:
- A.
Return to the chlorophyll
- B.
Are used to turn NADP+ into NADPH
- C.
Produce only ATP
- D.
Are channeled to the light-independent reactions by carbon dioxide
- E.
Are used to split water molecules
Correct Answer
B. Are used to turn NADP+ into NADpHExplanation
Noncyclic means non-cycleRate this question:
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- 12.
In the light-independent reactions:
- A.
Carbon dioxide is fixed in organic molecules
- B.
Energy in the form of ATP is used
- C.
NADPH is required
- D.
Glucose is formed
- E.
All of these
Correct Answer
E. All of theseExplanation
In the light-independent reactions, all of the mentioned processes occur. Carbon dioxide is fixed in organic molecules, meaning it is converted into a usable form for the plant. Energy in the form of ATP is used to power the reactions and NADPH is required as a reducing agent. Ultimately, these reactions lead to the formation of glucose, which is an important energy source for the plant. Therefore, all of these processes occur in the light-independent reactions.Rate this question:
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- 13.
In the C3 cycle, carbon dioxide is combined with:
- A.
RuBP
- B.
Oxaloacetate
- C.
PGA
- D.
Phosophoglycolate
- E.
Acetyl-CoA
Correct Answer
A. RuBPExplanation
In the C3 cycle, carbon dioxide is combined with RuBP (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate). This combination is catalyzed by the enzyme Rubisco (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) to form PGA (3-phosphoglycerate). RuBP acts as a acceptor molecule for carbon dioxide and serves as the starting point for carbon fixation in photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The C4 pathway occurs in plants that are adapted to:
- A.
Freshwater habitats
- B.
Arctic environments
- C.
Areas with a large amount of shade
- D.
Conditions of low moisture and intense sunlight
- E.
Marine and brackish water habitats
Correct Answer
D. Conditions of low moisture and intense sunlightExplanation
The C4 pathway is an adaptation in plants that allows them to efficiently perform photosynthesis in conditions of low moisture and intense sunlight. In these environments, plants need to minimize water loss while maximizing their ability to capture and use sunlight for energy. The C4 pathway helps achieve this by concentrating carbon dioxide in specialized cells, which reduces the need for the stomata (pores on the plant's surface) to be open for extended periods. This reduces water loss through transpiration. Additionally, the C4 pathway allows plants to efficiently convert sunlight into energy, even under intense sunlight conditions.Rate this question:
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Oct 04, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Dec 01, 2009Quiz Created by
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