Human Body Pre-assessment (Grade 8)

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    Rate, on a scale of 1 – 4, 1 being the lowest and 4 being the highest, how interested are you in the human body?

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Human Body Pre-assessment (Grade 8) - Quiz
About This Quiz

This Grade 8 pre-assessment explores the human body's physiological processes, including digestion, excretory function, and cellular structure. It assesses understanding of bodily responses to changes, the role of organs, and regulation mechanisms, preparing students for advanced biology concepts.

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  • 2. 

    Rate, on a scale of 1 – 4, 1 being the lowest and 4 being the highest, how much do you already know about the human body?

  • 3. 

    A sequence of structures is shown from simplest to most complex.  Which structure is missing? (Standard 1.2a)   Tissue à                            à system of the body à organism

    • Cell

    • Organelle

    • Population

    • Organ

    • Community

    Correct Answer
    A. Organ
    Explanation
    The missing structure in the sequence is "Organ". The sequence starts with "Cell", which is the basic building block of life. Then it progresses to "Organelle", which are specialized structures within a cell. Next is "Tissue", which is a group of cells with a similar function. After that, we have "Organ", which is a structure made up of different tissues working together to perform a specific function. Finally, we have "System of the body", which is a group of organs working together to perform a specific function. The last structure in the sequence is "Organism", which refers to a living being made up of multiple systems.

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  • 4. 

    Identify the organ in the human body that performs similar functions to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in your cells (Standard 1.3a).

    • Heart

    • Brain

    • Liver

    • Hypothalamus

    • Ovaries

    Correct Answer
    A. Liver
    Explanation
    The liver performs similar functions to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in cells. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for lipid metabolism, detoxification of drugs and toxins, and production of hormones. Similarly, the liver is involved in lipid metabolism, detoxification of harmful substances, and production of bile, which aids in digestion. Therefore, the liver is the organ in the human body that performs similar functions to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

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  • 5. 

    The diagrams below illustrate the pathway and time frame for the digestion of a hamburger consisting of ground beef ketchup and a whole wheat bun.  During which time period does most of the digestive action of bile and pancreatic juice occur? (Standard 1.2b)

    • 6:03 p.m.-6:05 p.m.

    • 6:05 p.m.-6:08 p.m.

    • 10:15 p.m.-9:50 a.m.

    • 9:50 a.m.-1:00 p.m.

    • 1:00 p.m.-1:05 p.m.

    Correct Answer
    A. 10:15 p.m.-9:50 a.m.
  • 6. 

    In healthy bodies potassium is found in concentrations between 3.5 to 5.0 mEq per liter of blood.  It regulates water in the blood assists in protein synthesis and allows communication to take place between nerve cells.  Potassium is naturally found in avocados bananas potatoes cantaloupe milk oranges raisins salmon and tomatoes.  If an individual consumes some of these foods and immediately has a blood test his potassium concentration may be above 7.0 mEq/L.  How will the body respond to this? (Standard 1.1e)

    • The nervous system will work twice as quickly.

    • The excretory system will restore homeostasis.

    • The immune system will increase antibody production.

    • The circulatory system will adjust to a new environment.

    • The endocrine system will respond by releasing adrenaline.

    Correct Answer
    A. The excretory system will restore homeostasis.
    Explanation
    When the potassium concentration in the blood exceeds the normal range, the body will respond by restoring homeostasis through the excretory system. The excretory system, which includes the kidneys, helps regulate the balance of electrolytes in the body. In this case, the excess potassium will be filtered out of the blood by the kidneys and excreted through urine, bringing the potassium concentration back to a normal level. This process helps maintain the overall balance and stability of the body's internal environment.

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  • 7. 

    In humans, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the plasma (Standard 5.3 b):

    • Causes increased production of hydrochloric acid

    • Regulates gastric acid production by forming carbonic acid

    • Regulates breathing rate by its effect on the medulla

    • Causes inflammation of the tissues of the bronchial tubes

    • Causes increased production of insulin by the pancreas

    Correct Answer
    A. Regulates breathing rate by its effect on the medulla
    Explanation
    The concentration of carbon dioxide in the plasma regulates breathing rate by its effect on the medulla. The medulla, located in the brainstem, is responsible for controlling the respiratory system. When the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood increases, it leads to an increase in the production of carbonic acid, which triggers the medulla to stimulate the respiratory muscles to increase the breathing rate. This helps to eliminate excess carbon dioxide from the body and maintain proper levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

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  • 8. 
    The figure below shows the interaction between pancreatic hormones and levels of glucose in the blood.This process is an example of (Standard 1.2c): - ProProfs

    The figure below shows the interaction between pancreatic hormones and levels of glucose in the blood.This process is an example of (Standard 1.2c):

    • Feedback

    • Digestion

    • Excretion

    • Nutrition

    • Hydrolysis

    Correct Answer
    A. Feedback
    Explanation
    The figure shows the interaction between pancreatic hormones and levels of glucose in the blood. Feedback is the process by which the body responds to a stimulus or change in order to maintain homeostasis. In this case, the pancreatic hormones, such as insulin and glucagon, are responding to the levels of glucose in the blood in order to regulate it. This feedback loop helps to ensure that the levels of glucose in the blood are kept within a certain range, which is essential for proper functioning of the body.

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  • 9. 

    A student accidentally places her hand on a tack and quickly pulls her hand away. The tack represents

    • A stimulus

    • An impulse

    • A response

    • An effector

    • A pathogen

    Correct Answer
    A. A stimulus
    Explanation
    When the student accidentally places her hand on a tack, the tack acts as a stimulus. A stimulus is any external object or event that elicits a response or reaction. In this scenario, the student's hand touching the tack triggers a reflex action, causing her to quickly pull her hand away. Therefore, the tack represents a stimulus in this situation.

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  • 10. 
    The diagram represents the pathway of blood throughout the body. Which structure carries oxygenated blood to the body? - ProProfs

    The diagram represents the pathway of blood throughout the body. Which structure carries oxygenated blood to the body?

    • 1

    • 2

    • 3

    • 7

    • 8

    Correct Answer
    A. 8
    Explanation
    Structure 8 carries oxygenated blood to the body.

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  • 11. 

    A pulse can be detected most easily in (Standard 1.2b, 5.3a)

    • An artery

    • A vein

    • A capillary

    • A lacteal

    • A lymph node

    Correct Answer
    A. An artery
    Explanation
    A pulse can be detected most easily in an artery because arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart and towards the body tissues. As the heart beats and pumps blood, it creates a pressure wave that travels through the arteries, causing them to expand and contract. This expansion and contraction can be felt as a pulse, which is commonly measured in the radial artery in the wrist or the carotid artery in the neck. Veins, capillaries, lacteals, and lymph nodes do not have the same strong pulsations as arteries, making it more difficult to detect a pulse in these structures.

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  • 12. 

    A malfunction of the lymph nodes would most likely interfere with the (Standard 1.2 d)

    • Release of carbon dioxide into the lymph

    • Filtering of glucose from the lymph

    • Release of oxygen into the lymph

    • Filtering of bacteria from the lymph

    • Synthesis of proteins in the lymph

    Correct Answer
    A. Filtering of bacteria from the lymph
    Explanation
    A malfunction of the lymph nodes would most likely interfere with the filtering of bacteria from the lymph. Lymph nodes play a crucial role in the immune system by filtering out harmful substances, including bacteria, from the lymph fluid. If the lymph nodes are not functioning properly, they may not effectively filter out bacteria, leading to an increased risk of infections and other immune-related issues.

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  • Current Version
  • Oct 21, 2024
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Dec 19, 2009
    Quiz Created by
    Tagscience
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