Human Growth & Development I (By The Smarty's)
(118).webp "Human Growth & Development I (By The Smartys) - Quiz")
This test was designed by The Early Childhood Studies Class 2010 as a study aid.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
When a child can reach for and grasp a toy, how old is he/she?
- A.
12 months old
- B.
2 months old
- C.
3 months old
- D.
4 months old
Correct Answer
C. 3 months oldExplanation
A child typically develops the ability to reach for and grasp objects at around 3 months old. At this age, their hand-eye coordination and motor skills have developed enough to allow them to intentionally reach out and grab objects. This milestone is an important step in their physical and cognitive development as they begin to explore and interact with their environment.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Cephalocaudal is defined as:
- A.
A continuous process with spurts of growth.
- B.
A total process: physical, social, mental, etc...
- C.
Growth and development that begins at the head of the individual and progresses downward towards the feet.
- D.
Highly individualized.
Correct Answer
C. Growth and development that begins at the head of the individual and progresses downward towards the feet.Explanation
Cephalocaudal refers to the pattern of growth and development in which the head develops before the rest of the body. It is a sequential process that starts at the top of the individual, with the brain and sensory organs developing first, and then progresses downward towards the feet. This pattern is observed in the early stages of prenatal development, as well as in infancy and early childhood. As the individual grows, the lower parts of the body, such as the legs and feet, catch up in development. This pattern is important for understanding the typical sequence of motor skills and physical development in humans.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Psychosexual development is:
- A.
Growth and development that progresses from the center of the body toward the outer extremities.
- B.
The process during which personality and sexual behavior mature through a series of stages.
- C.
The stage during which sexual urges remain repressed.
- D.
Based on our pleasure principle.
Correct Answer
B. The process during which personality and sexual behavior mature through a series of stages.Explanation
Psychosexual development refers to the process in which an individual's personality and sexual behavior mature through various stages. This concept, proposed by Sigmund Freud, suggests that individuals go through different stages of development, such as the oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages, each characterized by specific conflicts and experiences. During these stages, individuals experience sexual energy or libido focused on different erogenous zones, which eventually shapes their personality and behavior. This explanation aligns with the understanding of psychosexual development as a series of stages that contribute to the maturation of personality and sexual behavior.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The superego is:
- A.
A sense of identity and environment.
- B.
Developing between birth and 2 weeks of age.
- C.
Beliefs of right and wrong.
- D.
Selfishness.
Correct Answer
C. Beliefs of right and wrong.Explanation
The superego is a psychological concept proposed by Sigmund Freud, which represents the internalized moral standards and values of an individual. It is formed through the process of socialization and develops during childhood. The superego acts as a moral compass, guiding behavior by enforcing societal norms and beliefs of right and wrong. It helps individuals make decisions based on ethical principles and societal expectations.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Children grow in the following 2 ways:
- A.
Mentally and socially.
- B.
Cephalocaudally and proximodistally.
- C.
By resolving the Oedipus and Electra complexes.
- D.
By resolving the latency and phallic stages.
Correct Answer
B. CepHalocaudally and proximodistally.Explanation
Children grow in two ways: cephalocaudally and proximodistally. Cephalocaudal growth refers to the pattern where growth and development progress from the head down to the feet. This means that the head and upper body develop before the lower body. Proximodistal growth, on the other hand, refers to the pattern where growth and development progress from the center of the body outward. This means that the trunk and core develop before the limbs. These two patterns of growth are important in understanding how children's physical development occurs.Rate this question:
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- 6.
When you act in a way that is not typical for your age, you are exhibiting:
- A.
Repression
- B.
Regression
- C.
Displacement
- D.
Rationalization
Correct Answer
B. RegressionExplanation
Regression refers to the defense mechanism where an individual reverts back to an earlier stage of development or behavior that is more typical of a younger age. This can occur when someone is faced with stress or anxiety and retreats to a more comfortable or familiar state. In the given scenario, when someone acts in a way that is not typical for their age, it suggests that they are exhibiting regression as a defense mechanism.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following does Sigmund Freud use to describe personality?
- A.
The id (based on our pleasure principle).
- B.
The ego (based on the reality principle).
- C.
The superego (the moral part of us).
- D.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above.Explanation
Sigmund Freud uses all of the above terms to describe different aspects of personality. The id represents the pleasure principle, focusing on immediate gratification of desires. The ego operates based on the reality principle, mediating between the id and the superego. The superego represents the moral part of our personality, incorporating societal norms and values. Therefore, all three concepts are utilized by Freud to explain different dimensions of human personality.Rate this question:
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- 8.
According to Freud's early child development theory, how would an adult exhibit an oral fixation?
- A.
Overeating
- B.
Messiness
- C.
Smoking
- D.
Both a and c
Correct Answer
D. Both a and cExplanation
According to Freud's early child development theory, an adult would exhibit an oral fixation through overeating and smoking. This fixation stems from unresolved conflicts during the oral stage of development, where individuals derive pleasure from activities involving the mouth. Overeating and smoking can serve as ways to fulfill this need for oral stimulation and provide temporary satisfaction.Rate this question:
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- 9.
At what age does a child start to wave bye-bye and clap their hands?
- A.
6 months of age.
- B.
8 months of age.
- C.
10 months of age.
- D.
12 months of age.
Correct Answer
C. 10 months of age.Explanation
At around 10 months of age, a child typically starts to wave bye-bye and clap their hands. This is a developmental milestone that indicates the child's increasing motor skills and social interaction abilities. By this age, most infants have gained enough control over their hands and arms to be able to wave and clap intentionally. It is important to note that while this is a general timeline, individual children may reach this milestone slightly earlier or later.Rate this question:
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- 10.
In what stage of psychosexual development do you deal with the Oedipus and Electra complexes?
- A.
The oral stage.
- B.
The anal stage.
- C.
The phallic stage.
- D.
The genital stage.
Correct Answer
C. The pHallic stage.Explanation
During the phallic stage of psychosexual development, children experience the Oedipus and Electra complexes. In this stage, children develop unconscious sexual desires for their opposite-sex parent and view their same-sex parent as a rival. The Oedipus complex occurs in boys, while the Electra complex occurs in girls. This stage is crucial for the development of gender identity and the resolution of these complexes is important for healthy psychosexual development.Rate this question:
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- 11.
At what age does a child begin to understand empathy, trust, loyalty, and respect?
- A.
8 years of age.
- B.
7 years of age.
- C.
5 years of age.
- D.
2 years of age.
Correct Answer
A. 8 years of age.Explanation
Children begin to understand empathy, trust, loyalty, and respect at around 8 years of age. At this stage, they have developed a greater understanding of social interactions and are able to recognize and appreciate the feelings and perspectives of others. They are also more capable of forming and maintaining trusting and loyal relationships. Additionally, they begin to grasp the importance of respect for others and their boundaries.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The 5 main characteristics of growth and development are:
- A.
Oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage, and genital stage.
- B.
Individualized, orderly pattern, continuous processes, different for specific structures, a total process.
- C.
The id, the ego, the superego, conscious, unconscious.
- D.
Oedipus complex, electra complex, unconscious, preconscious, conscious.
Correct Answer
B. Individualized, orderly pattern, continuous processes, different for specific structures, a total process.Explanation
The answer provided lists the five main characteristics of growth and development. These characteristics include individualized, orderly pattern, continuous processes, different for specific structures, and a total process. This means that growth and development occur in a unique and personalized manner for each individual, follow a specific and predictable sequence, happen continuously over time, vary in different parts of the body, and involve the overall development of the individual as a whole.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Describe the 3 personality substructures:1. the ID: based on the pleasure principle. It is only concerned with what it wants and what feels good. It is unconscious.2. the EGO: based on the reality principle. It's function is to create a plan that will satisfy the wants of the ID and follow the rules of the SUPEREGO. It is conscious.3. the SUPEREGO: based on your morality and beliefs of right and wrong. It is your conscience. It is preconscious.
- 14.
What is a child able to do at 18 months of age?1. show affection by hugging people or pets.2. they are able to point to objects if you name them.3. they are stubborn.4. they begin to utter 2 syllable sounds (baba, mama, dada).
- 15.
Name 5 of the developmental milestones that a child reaches from 0 - 12 years of age.1. at birth they recognize and prefer mom's voice and face.2. at 4 years they can recognize and name at least 3 colors.3. at 6 years that know right and left.4. at 9 years they can play complex games.5. at 12 years girls may begin to menstruate.
- 16.
Name 3 of the developmental milestones for an 18 month old child.1. shows affection by hugging.2. can say his/her name.3. asserts independence.
- 17.
What are the 5 stages of psychosexual development?1. the oral stage.2. the anal stage.3. the phallic stage.4. the latency stage.5. the genital stage.
- 18.
The phallic stage is when sexual urges remain repressed and children interact and play mostly with same sex peers.
- A.
TRUE
- B.
FALSE
Correct Answer
B. FALSEExplanation
The given statement is false. The phallic stage, according to Freud's psychosexual development theory, occurs between the ages of 3 and 6 years old. During this stage, children become more aware of their genitals and experience the Oedipus or Electra complex. They develop sexual desires for the opposite-sex parent and may feel rivalry towards the same-sex parent. It is not accurate to say that sexual urges remain repressed during this stage, as they are actually quite active and influential in shaping the child's psychosexual development. Additionally, children at this stage interact and play with both same-sex and opposite-sex peers, not just same-sex peers.Rate this question:
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- 19.
In the structural model, the ID wants whatever feels good at the time.
- A.
TRUE
- B.
FALSE
Correct Answer
A. TRUEExplanation
The statement suggests that in the structural model, the ID (which represents the instinctual and impulsive part of the mind) seeks pleasure and gratification without considering long-term consequences or moral values. This aligns with Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory, where the ID operates on the pleasure principle. It seeks immediate gratification and avoids pain or discomfort. Therefore, the statement is true in the context of the structural model.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Noticing strangers is a normal developmental milestone for a 5 month old child.
- A.
TRUE
- B.
FALSE
Correct Answer
A. TRUEExplanation
At around 5 months old, infants begin to show an increased awareness of their surroundings and start to recognize familiar faces. This developmental milestone includes the ability to notice and respond to strangers. Infants at this age may become more hesitant or show signs of stranger anxiety, indicating their recognition of unfamiliar faces. Therefore, it is accurate to say that noticing strangers is a normal developmental milestone for a 5-month-old child.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Repression is when you act in a way that is not typical for your age.
- A.
TRUE
- B.
FALSE
Correct Answer
B. FALSEExplanation
The statement is incorrect because repression does not refer to acting in a way that is not typical for your age. Repression is a psychological concept that involves the unconscious blocking of thoughts, memories, or emotions that are considered unacceptable or threatening. It is not related to age or behavior.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Personality develops through a combination of heredity, environment, and culture.
- A.
TRUE
- B.
FALSE
Correct Answer
A. TRUEExplanation
Personality development is influenced by a combination of factors such as heredity, environment, and culture. Heredity refers to the genetic traits and characteristics that are inherited from one's parents, which can have an impact on personality. Environment includes the surroundings, experiences, and interactions that a person is exposed to, which can shape their personality. Culture, on the other hand, refers to the shared beliefs, values, and behaviors of a particular group or society, which also play a role in shaping an individual's personality. Therefore, the statement that personality develops through a combination of heredity, environment, and culture is true.Rate this question:
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