A Trivia Quiz On Human Nutrition!
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The human body is made up of very complex rules, most of the energy it needs to perform its functions is as a result of what a person ingests. This, therefore, puts some emphasis on checking what we eat and what they help us with. Below is a review of test questions from tests I-IV in Dr. Andrews' Human Nutrition 210 course. Try them out!
- 1.
Legumes (dry beans) are in which Food Guide Pyramid group?
- A.
Fruit/vegetable
- B.
Bean/bread
- C.
Meat/protein
- D.
Bread/cereal
Correct Answer
C. Meat/proteinExplanation
Legumes (dry beans) are classified under the "Meat/protein" group in the Food Guide Pyramid. This is because legumes are an excellent source of plant-based protein and are often used as a substitute for meat in vegetarian and vegan diets. Legumes such as beans, lentils, and chickpeas are rich in protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals, making them a nutritious choice for individuals looking to meet their protein needs. Including legumes in the diet can contribute to a balanced and healthy intake of proteins, which is why they are categorized in the "Meat/protein" group.Rate this question:
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- 2.
All of the following are characteristic of cholesterol except
- A.
It is used for making estrogen and testosterone.
- B.
It is incorporated into cell membranes.
- C.
It is converted to bile.
- D.
It is an essential nutrient.
Correct Answer
D. It is an essential nutrient.Explanation
Cholesterol is not considered an essential nutrient because our bodies can synthesize it on their own. While cholesterol is used for making estrogen and testosterone, it is also incorporated into cell membranes and converted to bile.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The body energy that can be stored in almost unlimited amounts is
- A.
Glycogen
- B.
Protein
- C.
Glucose
- D.
Triglyceride.
Correct Answer
D. Triglyceride.Explanation
Triglycerides are the main form of fat storage in the body and can be stored in almost unlimited amounts. They are composed of glycerol and three fatty acid molecules, which provide a concentrated source of energy. Unlike glycogen, which is a short-term energy storage molecule found in the liver and muscles, and glucose, which is a simple sugar used for immediate energy, triglycerides can be stored in adipose tissue for long-term energy needs. Proteins, on the other hand, are not a primary source of energy storage in the body.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Where does digestion begin?
- A.
Small intestine
- B.
Mouth
- C.
Stomach
- D.
Esophagus
Correct Answer
B. MouthExplanation
Digestion begins in the mouth. This is where the process of breaking down food starts, as the teeth chew and grind the food into smaller pieces. Saliva is also produced in the mouth, which contains enzymes that begin the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates. The partially digested food then travels down the esophagus into the stomach, where further digestion takes place. However, the initial breakdown of food occurs in the mouth.Rate this question:
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- 5.
If a fat contains mostly saturated fatty acids, it is likely to be
- A.
Solid at room temperature.
- B.
Soft at room temperature.
- C.
Rancid at room temperature.
- D.
Liquid at room temperature.
Correct Answer
A. Solid at room temperature.Explanation
Saturated fatty acids have a straight molecular structure and tightly packed chains, which allows them to stack closely together. This results in a solid state at room temperature. In contrast, unsaturated fatty acids have kinks in their molecular structure due to double bonds, which prevents close packing and leads to a liquid state at room temperature. Therefore, a fat that contains mostly saturated fatty acids is likely to be solid at room temperature.Rate this question:
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- 6.
When looking at the ingredient label of a bottled spaghetti sauce, you see that olive oil is the second ingredient. This means that
- A.
Olive oil is the second ingredient by weight.
- B.
Olive oil is the second ingredient by alphabetical listing.
- C.
Olive oil is the second ingredient by amount present in the sauce.
- D.
Olive oil is just one of the ingredients present in the sauce.
Correct Answer
A. Olive oil is the second ingredient by weight.Explanation
The correct answer is that olive oil is the second ingredient by weight. This means that the amount of olive oil in the sauce is the second highest in terms of quantity, with the first ingredient being the highest. The order of ingredients on a label is typically listed in descending order by weight, so the ingredient listed second is present in a higher quantity than those listed after it.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The function of thick mucus in the stomach is to
- A.
Promote fat digestion.
- B.
Protect stomach cells from acid and enzymes.
- C.
Activate stomach enzymes.
- D.
Keep the stomach bacteria-free.
Correct Answer
B. Protect stomach cells from acid and enzymes.Explanation
The thick mucus in the stomach serves to protect the stomach cells from the corrosive effects of acid and enzymes. The stomach produces hydrochloric acid and various enzymes to aid in digestion, but these substances can also damage the stomach lining. The thick mucus layer acts as a barrier, preventing the acid and enzymes from directly contacting and harming the stomach cells. This protective function is essential for maintaining the integrity and health of the stomach.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which of the following vitamins is fat-soluble and essential for maintaining healthy vision, immune function, and skin health?
- A.
Vitamin B6
- B.
Vitamin C
- C.
Vitamin A
- D.
Vitamin B12
Correct Answer
C. Vitamin AExplanation
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin, meaning it dissolves in fats and oils and is stored in the body’s fatty tissues. It plays a critical role in maintaining healthy vision, particularly in low-light conditions, by supporting the function of the retina. Additionally, Vitamin A is essential for immune function, promoting skin health by aiding cell production and repair, and supporting the body's natural defenses against illness. In contrast, vitamins like B6, B12, and C are water-soluble and perform different roles in the body, not being stored in fat.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following is a major source of lactose?
- A.
Buttermilk
- B.
Broccoli
- C.
Honey
- D.
Lactose
Correct Answer
A. ButtermilkExplanation
Buttermilk is a major source of lactose because it is a dairy product that is produced when cream is churned to make butter. During this process, lactose, which is a sugar found in milk, remains in the liquid portion, resulting in the formation of buttermilk. Therefore, buttermilk contains a significant amount of lactose.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Nutrient density can be defined as
- A.
The amount of kcalories in a food divided by the amount of kcalories needed in a day.
- B.
The amount of a particular nutrient in a serving of food divided by the number of kcalories in that serving.
- C.
The amount of a particular nutrient in a serving of food divided by the number of grams of protein.
- D.
The amount of a nutrient in a serving of food divided by the amount of the nutrient needed for that day.
Correct Answer
B. The amount of a particular nutrient in a serving of food divided by the number of kcalories in that serving.Explanation
Nutrient density is a measure of the amount of nutrients in a food relative to the number of calories it provides. It helps to determine the nutritional value of a food by considering the amount of specific nutrients it contains in relation to the calories it provides. The correct answer states that nutrient density is calculated by dividing the amount of a particular nutrient in a serving of food by the number of calories in that serving, which aligns with the definition of nutrient density.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A saturated fatty acid contains
- A.
2 to 12 double bonds.
- B.
No double bonds
- C.
14 to 24 double bonds.
- D.
One double bond.
Correct Answer
B. No double bondsExplanation
A saturated fatty acid is a type of fat molecule that does not contain any double bonds between its carbon atoms. This means that all of the carbon atoms in the fatty acid are bonded to the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible. This lack of double bonds gives saturated fatty acids a straight and rigid structure, making them solid at room temperature. Examples of foods high in saturated fatty acids include butter, lard, and fatty cuts of meat.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following hormones corrects a hyperglycemic state?
- A.
Insulin
- B.
Glucagon
- C.
Epinephrine
- D.
Cortisol
Correct Answer
A. InsulinExplanation
Insulin is the correct answer because it is the hormone responsible for lowering blood glucose levels. In a hyperglycemic state, where blood sugar levels are too high, the body needs insulin to help transport glucose from the bloodstream into cells, where it can be used for energy or stored for later use. Insulin also inhibits the liver from producing more glucose. Therefore, the administration of insulin can effectively correct a hyperglycemic state by promoting glucose uptake and reducing blood sugar levels.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following is not true about water?
- A.
Provides a way to transport nutrients and waste
- B.
Dietary need of approximately 8 cups per day
- C.
Provides energy
- D.
By-product of cell chemical reactions
Correct Answer
C. Provides energyExplanation
Water does not provide energy. While it is essential for many bodily functions and processes, such as transporting nutrients and waste, it does not directly provide energy. Energy is typically obtained from the consumption of food, which is broken down and metabolized by the body to release energy.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following are substances in plant foods that are not digested in the stomach or small intestine?
- A.
Dietary fiber
- B.
Dextrose
- C.
Disaccharides
- D.
Simple sugars
Correct Answer
A. Dietary fiberExplanation
Dietary fiber refers to the indigestible parts of plant foods, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes. It passes through the stomach and small intestine largely intact and reaches the large intestine, where it undergoes fermentation by gut bacteria. This process provides various health benefits, including improved digestion, regulation of blood sugar levels, and maintenance of a healthy weight. Therefore, dietary fiber is not digested in the stomach or small intestine, making it the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 15.
A kcalorie is a measure of
- A.
Sugar and fat in food.
- B.
Nutrients in food
- C.
Fat in food
- D.
Heat energy
Correct Answer
D. Heat energyExplanation
A kilocalorie, commonly referred to as a calorie, is a unit of measurement used to quantify the amount of energy provided by food when it is metabolized by the body. It is not a measure of sugar and fat specifically, but rather represents the overall energy content of the food. Therefore, the correct answer is "heat energy."Rate this question:
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- 16.
Starch is comprised of hundreds and perhaps thousands of which molecule?
- A.
Glucose
- B.
Galactose
- C.
Fructose
- D.
Glycerol
Correct Answer
A. GlucoseExplanation
Starch is composed of hundreds and perhaps thousands of glucose molecules. Glucose is a simple sugar that serves as the primary source of energy for the body. When multiple glucose molecules join together through chemical bonds, they form starch, which is a complex carbohydrate. Starch is commonly found in foods such as potatoes, rice, and bread, and it serves as a long-term energy storage molecule in plants.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What structure prevents food from entering the trachea when you swallow?
- A.
Esophagus
- B.
Tonsils
- C.
Epiglottis
- D.
Tongue
Correct Answer
C. EpiglottisExplanation
The epiglottis is a flap of tissue located at the base of the tongue that prevents food from entering the trachea when you swallow. It covers the opening of the trachea, called the glottis, and directs food down the esophagus instead. This prevents choking and ensures that food goes into the stomach for digestion rather than entering the respiratory system. The esophagus, tonsils, and tongue do not have a direct role in preventing food from entering the trachea.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract are called
- A.
Peristalsis
- B.
Compression
- C.
Propulsion
- D.
Regurgitation
Correct Answer
A. PeristalsisExplanation
Peristalsis refers to the wave-like contractions of the muscles in the digestive tract that propel food forward. These contractions help to move the food through the esophagus, stomach, and intestines, allowing for digestion and absorption of nutrients. Compression, propulsion, and regurgitation are not accurate terms to describe this specific movement of food through the digestive system.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which of the following is characteristic of lipids?
- A.
Supply 4 kcalories per gram
- B.
Supply a concentrated form of fuel for the body
- C.
Add structural strength to bones and muscles
- D.
Add sweetness to food
Correct Answer
B. Supply a concentrated form of fuel for the bodyExplanation
Lipids are a type of macronutrient that provide a concentrated form of fuel for the body. They are a rich source of energy, supplying 9 calories per gram, which is more than double the calories provided by carbohydrates or proteins. Lipids are stored in the body as adipose tissue and are used as a long-term energy reserve. They also play a role in insulation, protection of organs, and absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of the following contains a rich supply of omega-3 fatty acids?
- A.
Sirloin
- B.
Chicken
- C.
Broccoli
- D.
Salmon
Correct Answer
D. SalmonExplanation
Salmon contains a rich supply of omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids are essential fats that our body needs for various functions, including brain health and reducing inflammation. While sirloin and chicken are good sources of protein, they do not contain significant amounts of omega-3 fatty acids. Broccoli is a nutritious vegetable but does not contain omega-3 fatty acids in high quantities. Therefore, the correct answer is salmon, as it is known to be a great source of omega-3 fatty acids.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which of the following nutrients can directly supply energy for human use?
- A.
Lipids and oils
- B.
Fiber
- C.
Minerals
- D.
Vitamins
Correct Answer
A. Lipids and oilsExplanation
Lipids and oils are the correct answer because they are a rich source of energy. When consumed, they are broken down by the body into fatty acids and glycerol, which can be used as a fuel source to produce energy. Lipids and oils provide more than twice the amount of energy per gram compared to carbohydrates and proteins. They are an essential part of a balanced diet and play a crucial role in providing energy for various bodily functions and activities.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which of the following is not a monosaccharide?
- A.
Glucose
- B.
Fructose
- C.
Galactose
- D.
Lactose
Correct Answer
D. LactoseExplanation
Lactose is not a monosaccharide because it is a disaccharide composed of two monosaccharides, glucose and galactose, joined together by a glycosidic bond. Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates and cannot be broken down into smaller sugar units. Glucose, fructose, and galactose are all monosaccharides as they consist of a single sugar unit.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Most digestion takes place in the
- A.
Pancreas
- B.
Small intestine
- C.
Large intestine
- D.
Stomach
Correct Answer
B. Small intestineExplanation
The small intestine is the correct answer because it is the primary site of digestion and nutrient absorption in the digestive system. It receives partially digested food from the stomach and continues the breakdown process using enzymes produced by the pancreas and bile from the liver. The small intestine has a large surface area due to its long length and the presence of villi and microvilli, which increases the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.Rate this question:
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- 24.
All the following are sources of cholesterol except
- A.
Peanut butter
- B.
Turkey meat
- C.
Whole milk
- D.
Butter
Correct Answer
A. Peanut butterExplanation
Peanut butter is not a source of cholesterol because it is derived from peanuts, which are plant-based and do not contain cholesterol. Cholesterol is only found in animal-based products, such as turkey meat, whole milk, and butter. Therefore, peanut butter does not contribute to the intake of cholesterol in the diet.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Healthy People 2010 was designed to
- A.
Promote healthful lifestyles and reduce preventable death and disability in all Americans.
- B.
Prevent chronic disease.
- C.
Eliminate dietary inadequacies and excesses, and to encourage healthful practices.
- D.
Disclose dietary practices that best support health.
Correct Answer
A. Promote healthful lifestyles and reduce preventable death and disability in all Americans.Explanation
Healthy People 2010 was a program aimed at improving the overall health of Americans by promoting healthy lifestyles and reducing preventable deaths and disabilities. The program focused on encouraging individuals to adopt healthful practices and behaviors to prevent chronic diseases. It also aimed to address dietary inadequacies and excesses by promoting balanced and nutritious eating habits. The ultimate goal of Healthy People 2010 was to enhance the well-being of all Americans by emphasizing the importance of preventive measures and healthy choices in order to reduce the burden of disease and disability.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Fibers belong to the class of nutrients known as
- A.
Minerals
- B.
Proteins
- C.
Lipids
- D.
Carbohydrates
Correct Answer
D. CarbohydratesExplanation
Fibers belong to the class of nutrients known as carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are one of the three main macronutrients, along with proteins and lipids. They are an essential source of energy for the body and are found in foods such as grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes. Fiber, specifically, is a type of carbohydrate that cannot be fully digested by the body, but it plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy digestive system and preventing certain diseases.Rate this question:
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- 27.
In which form are most dietary lipids found?
- A.
Monoglycerides
- B.
Sterols
- C.
Triglycerides
- D.
Phospholipids
Correct Answer
C. TriglyceridesExplanation
Most dietary lipids are found in the form of triglycerides. Triglycerides are the main type of fat found in our diet and in our bodies. They are composed of three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol molecule. Triglycerides are the storage form of fat in our bodies and provide a concentrated source of energy. They are also important for the absorption and transport of fat-soluble vitamins.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Constipation can best be prevented by
- A.
Restricting fluids.
- B.
Using laxatives.
- C.
Engaging in little physical exercise.
- D.
Eating dietary fiber.
Correct Answer
D. Eating dietary fiber.Explanation
Eating dietary fiber helps prevent constipation because it adds bulk to the stool, making it easier to pass through the digestive system. Fiber also helps regulate bowel movements and promotes healthy digestion. Restricting fluids can actually worsen constipation, as dehydration can lead to harder and more difficult-to-pass stools. Laxatives may provide temporary relief, but they should not be relied upon as a long-term solution as they can cause dependence and may have side effects. Engaging in little physical exercise can also contribute to constipation, as exercise helps stimulate bowel movements.Rate this question:
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- 29.
What is the major monosaccharide found in the body?
- A.
Fructose
- B.
Glucose
- C.
Galactose
- D.
Sucrose
Correct Answer
B. GlucoseExplanation
Glucose is the major monosaccharide found in the body. It is the primary source of energy for cells and is used by the body to fuel various metabolic processes. Glucose is obtained from the breakdown of carbohydrates in the diet and is also produced by the liver. It is transported through the bloodstream to provide energy to cells throughout the body.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Which of the following is true about the way we should eat to achieve good nutritional status?
- A.
Eat only plant products because animal products are bad and generally filled with hormones for animal growth
- B.
Eat fruits and vegetables because we can get all the nutrients we need from these
- C.
Eat a wide variety of foods because no single natural food meets all human nutrient needs
- D.
Do the best we can but take supplements to fill in the deficient areas
Correct Answer
C. Eat a wide variety of foods because no single natural food meets all human nutrient needsExplanation
Eating a wide variety of foods is important to achieve good nutritional status because no single natural food can provide all the necessary nutrients that the human body needs. Different foods contain different nutrients, so consuming a diverse range of foods ensures that we get a balanced intake of vitamins, minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. This approach helps to prevent nutrient deficiencies and promotes overall health and well-being.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which of the following is true about carbohydrate digestion?
- A.
Carbohydrate digestion begins in the stomach
- B.
Saliva production does not influence starch digestion
- C.
Carbohydrate digestion is assisted by cooking; softens tough skins
- D.
Chewing food does not assist in carbohydrate digestion
Correct Answer
C. Carbohydrate digestion is assisted by cooking; softens tough skins -
- 32.
The RDA for nutrients generally are
- A.
Designed to be adequate for almost all healthy people.
- B.
More than twice the requirements.
- C.
The minimum amounts the average adult male requires.
- D.
Designed to prevent deficiency disease in half the population.
Correct Answer
A. Designed to be adequate for almost all healthy people.Explanation
The RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) for nutrients is designed to provide adequate amounts of nutrients for almost all healthy individuals. It takes into consideration the needs of the majority of the population and aims to prevent nutrient deficiencies. The RDA is not set at more than twice the requirements or the minimum amounts for the average adult male, nor is it designed to prevent deficiency disease in only half the population.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which statement best describes nutrient density?
- A.
Choose a number of different foods within any given food group rather than the "same old thing"
- B.
Consume foods that have the most nutrition for their kcalories
- C.
Plan your entire day's diet so that you don't overconsume nutrient sources
- D.
Consume a variety of foods from the five major food groups every day
Correct Answer
B. Consume foods that have the most nutrition for their kcaloriesExplanation
The statement that best describes nutrient density is to consume foods that have the most nutrition for their kcalories. This means choosing foods that provide a high amount of essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, while also being relatively low in calories. By focusing on nutrient-dense foods, individuals can ensure that they are getting the most nutritional value from their diet without consuming excessive calories. This approach promotes overall health and can help with weight management.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Lactose intolerance is caused by
- A.
Lactase deficiency.
- B.
Intestinal bacteria.
- C.
Milk bacteria.
- D.
A milk allergy.
Correct Answer
A. Lactase deficiency.Explanation
Lactose intolerance is caused by lactase deficiency. Lactase is an enzyme produced in the small intestine that breaks down lactose, the sugar found in milk and dairy products. When there is a deficiency of lactase, the body is unable to fully digest lactose, leading to symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. This intolerance is not caused by intestinal bacteria or milk bacteria, nor is it related to a milk allergy, which is an immune response to proteins in milk.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Margaret, an elderly woman, needs to limit her kcalorie intake without sacrificing needed nutrients. Keeping in mind the Food Guide Pyramid, which of the following could she do?
- A.
Eliminate carbohydrate
- B.
Count kcalories and not worry about the food groups
- C.
Eliminate Dairy foods.
- D.
Carefully select foods rich in nutrients but low in kcalories
Correct Answer
D. Carefully select foods rich in nutrients but low in kcaloriesExplanation
Margaret, being an elderly woman, needs to limit her calorie intake while still getting the necessary nutrients. Eliminating carbohydrates or dairy foods entirely would not be a suitable option as they provide important nutrients. Counting calories without considering the food groups may lead to an imbalanced diet. Therefore, the best approach for Margaret would be to carefully select foods that are rich in nutrients but low in calories. This way, she can maintain a balanced diet while reducing her calorie intake.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Acquiring sufficient vitamin B12 from the diet may be a problem to vegans because
- A.
Phytic acid in vegetable proteins may inhibit its absorption.
- B.
It is only found in animal products.
- C.
They lack the R-protein in the stomach.
- D.
Deficiency may result from high intakes of legumes.
Correct Answer
B. It is only found in animal products.Explanation
Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy. It is not naturally present in plant-based foods, which makes it difficult for vegans to acquire sufficient amounts of this vitamin solely from their diet. Therefore, the statement "it is only found in animal products" is a valid explanation for why acquiring sufficient vitamin B12 may be a problem for vegans.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The major chloride source in the diet is
- A.
Milk
- B.
Salt
- C.
Nuts
- D.
Cheese
Correct Answer
B. SaltExplanation
Salt is the correct answer because it is a common ingredient used in cooking and food preparation. It is also added to many processed foods to enhance flavor. Salt contains sodium chloride, which is a major source of chloride in the diet. While other foods like milk, nuts, and cheese may contain some chloride, they are not as significant of a source as salt.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Which statement about vitamins is true?
- A.
Are inorganic
- B.
Directly supply energy
- C.
Help regulate chemical reactions in the body
- D.
Cannot be stored by the body
Correct Answer
C. Help regulate chemical reactions in the bodyExplanation
Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential for regulating chemical reactions in the body. They act as coenzymes or cofactors, helping enzymes to carry out various metabolic processes. Vitamins do not directly supply energy, as that is the role of macronutrients like carbohydrates and fats. While some vitamins can be stored in the body, others are water-soluble and need to be consumed regularly as they are not stored in large amounts. Hence, the statement "Help regulate chemical reactions in the body" is true.Rate this question:
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- 39.
If the diet is lacking an essential amino acid, what will be the course of action?
- A.
Body cells will synthesize it
- B.
Health will not be affected as long as other nutrients are adequate
- C.
Protein synthesis will be limited
- D.
Proteins will be made but they will lack that particular amino acid
Correct Answer
C. Protein synthesis will be limitedExplanation
When the diet is lacking an essential amino acid, the body's ability to synthesize proteins will be limited. This is because proteins are made up of amino acids, and if a specific amino acid is missing, the body cannot fully complete the protein synthesis process. This limitation can have various consequences on the body's functions and overall health. It is important to have a balanced diet that includes all essential amino acids to support proper protein synthesis and maintain optimal health.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Which of the following vitamins has been helpful in large doses as a treatment for acne?
- A.
E
- B.
A
- C.
D
- D.
C
Correct Answer
B. AExplanation
Vitamin A has been found to be helpful in large doses as a treatment for acne. It helps in reducing the production of sebum, a type of oil that can clog pores and lead to acne. Additionally, vitamin A promotes the turnover of skin cells, preventing the buildup of dead skin cells that can contribute to acne. However, it is important to note that taking excessive amounts of vitamin A can be harmful, so it should always be taken under the guidance of a healthcare professional.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The B vitamins generally function as
- A.
Coenzymes
- B.
Emulsifiers
- C.
Antioxidants
- D.
Reducing agents
Correct Answer
A. CoenzymesExplanation
The B vitamins generally function as coenzymes, which means they work together with enzymes to facilitate various chemical reactions in the body. Coenzymes are essential for the proper functioning of enzymes, allowing them to carry out their specific roles in metabolism and energy production. Without coenzymes, enzymes would not be able to perform their functions effectively, leading to disruptions in important biological processes. Therefore, the B vitamins play a crucial role in supporting overall health and well-being.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Most vitamin A is stored in the
- A.
Adipose tissue.
- B.
Liver
- C.
Small intestine.
- D.
Kidneys
Correct Answer
B. LiverExplanation
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that is stored in the liver. The liver plays a crucial role in storing and releasing nutrients, including vitamins, to maintain proper body function. It acts as a reservoir for vitamin A, storing it until the body needs it. The liver also helps in the metabolism and utilization of vitamin A. Therefore, the liver is the primary site for the storage of vitamin A in the body.Rate this question:
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- 43.
This vitamin, when consumed during pregnancy, can help prevent neural tube defects like spina bifida.
- A.
B6
- B.
Niacin
- C.
Riboflavin
- D.
Folate/Folic Acid
Correct Answer
D. Folate/Folic AcidExplanation
Folate/Folic Acid is the correct answer because it is a type of vitamin B that is essential for the development of the neural tube in a fetus. Neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, occur when the neural tube does not close properly during early pregnancy. Consuming an adequate amount of folate/folic acid before and during pregnancy can help prevent these defects.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Niacin is necessary to prevent the disease
- A.
Pernicious anemia.
- B.
Beriberi
- C.
Pellagra
- D.
Scurvy
Correct Answer
C. PellagraExplanation
Pellagra is a disease caused by a deficiency of niacin (vitamin B3) in the diet. Niacin is necessary for the body to convert food into energy and for proper functioning of the nervous system. Without enough niacin, individuals can develop symptoms such as dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and in severe cases, death. Therefore, niacin is necessary to prevent pellagra.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Vitamin E functions as a(n)
- A.
Antioxidant
- B.
Hormone
- C.
Coenzyme
- D.
Enzyme
Correct Answer
A. AntioxidantExplanation
Vitamin E functions as an antioxidant, which means it helps protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can cause oxidative stress and contribute to various diseases and aging. Antioxidants like vitamin E neutralize these free radicals, preventing them from causing harm to the body.Rate this question:
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- 46.
The childhood disease rickets is due to a deficiency.
- A.
Vitamin D
- B.
Vitamin E
- C.
Vitamin A
- D.
Vitamin K
Correct Answer
A. Vitamin DExplanation
Rickets is a childhood disease that is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin D. Vitamin D is essential for the body to absorb calcium and phosphorus, which are necessary for proper bone growth and development. Without enough Vitamin D, the body is unable to properly mineralize the bones, leading to soft and weak bones. Therefore, a deficiency in Vitamin D is the cause of rickets.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Water constitutes ______ percent of body weight.
- A.
50-65
- B.
10-20
- C.
25-45
- D.
75-95
Correct Answer
A. 50-65Explanation
Water constitutes 50-65 percent of body weight. This range is commonly accepted as the average water content in the human body. Water is essential for various bodily functions, including digestion, circulation, and temperature regulation. It is present in cells, tissues, and organs, and plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and well-being. The percentage of water in the body can vary depending on factors such as age, sex, and body composition, but the range of 50-65 percent is a general estimate.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Which of the following statements does not describe the role of minerals in the body?
- A.
They make possible the transfer of nerve impulses
- B.
They provide 4 kcalories per gram
- C.
They help maintain water balance
- D.
They are constituents of important body compounds
Correct Answer
B. They provide 4 kcalories per gram -
- 49.
The nitrogen from amino acid breakdown is
- A.
Stored in the liver
- B.
Converted to urea
- C.
Converted to fat.
- D.
Oxidised to carbohydrate.
Correct Answer
B. Converted to ureaExplanation
When amino acids are broken down in the body, the nitrogen component needs to be eliminated as it can be toxic. The liver plays a crucial role in this process by converting the nitrogen into urea, a less toxic compound. Urea is then transported to the kidneys and excreted in urine. This conversion allows the body to safely eliminate the nitrogen waste while retaining the carbon and other components of the amino acids for energy production or storage. Therefore, the correct answer is that the nitrogen from amino acid breakdown is converted to urea.Rate this question:
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- 50.
The nutrient essential for synthesis of several blood clotting factors is
- A.
K
- B.
E
- C.
A
- D.
C
Correct Answer
A. KExplanation
Vitamin K is the nutrient essential for the synthesis of several blood clotting factors. It plays a crucial role in the process of blood clotting by activating proteins that are involved in the clotting cascade. Without sufficient levels of vitamin K, the blood clotting process would be impaired, leading to an increased risk of bleeding and difficulty in stopping bleeding. Therefore, adequate intake of vitamin K is necessary to ensure proper blood clotting and overall health.Rate this question:
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Sep 16, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Mar 17, 2010Quiz Created by
Sugarplume
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