What Do You Know About Human Resources?

1.

What is Human Resources?
- A.
  
  A term used to describe the individuals who comprise the workforce of an organization
- B.
  
  A term applied in labor economics
- C.
  
  The name of the function within an organization charged with the overall responsibility for implementing strategies and policies relating to the management of individuals
Correct Answer(s)
A. A term used to describe the individuals who comprise the workforce of an organization
B. A term applied in labor economics
C. The name of the function within an organization charged with the overall responsibility for implementing strategies and policies relating to the management of individuals

Explanation
Human resources is a term used to describe the individuals who comprise the workforce of an organization, although it is also applied in labor economics to, for example, business sectors or even whole nations. Human resources is also the name of the function within an organization charged with the overall responsibility for implementing strategies and policies relating to the management of individuals (i.e. the human resources). This function title is often abbreviated to the initials 'HR'.

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2.

A successful Human Resources Development program...
- A.
  
  Will prepare the individual to undertake a higher level of work
- B.
  
  Organized learning over a given period of time, to provide the possibility of performance change
- C.
  
  Is not the framework that focuses on the organizations competencies at the first stage, training, and then developing the employee, through education, to satisfy the organizations long-term needs and the individuals’ career goals and employee value to their present and future employers
- D.
  
  All of the above
- E.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer(s)
A. Will prepare the individual to undertake a higher level of work
B. Organized learning over a given period of time, to provide the possibility of performance change

Explanation
At the organizational level, a successful Human Resources Development program will prepare the individual to undertake a higher level of work, “organized learning over a given period of time, to provide the possibility of performance change” (Nadler 1984). In these settings, Human Resources Development is the framework that focuses on the organizations competencies at the first stage, training, and then developing the employee, through education, to satisfy the organizations long-term needs and the individuals’ career goals and employee value to their present and future employers. Human Resources Development can be defined simply as developing the most important section of any business its human resource by, “attaining or upgrading the skills and attitudes of employees at all levels in order to maximise the effectiveness of the enterprise” (Kelly 2001)[3]. The people within an organization are its human resource. Human Resources Development from a business perspective is not entirely focused on the individual’s growth and development, “development occurs to enhance the organization's value, not solely for individual improvement. Individual education and development is a tool and a means to an end, not the end goal itself”.(Elwood F. Holton II, James W. Trott Jr)[6]. The broader concept of national and more strategic attention to the development of human resources is beginning to emerge as newly independent countries face strong competition for their skilled professionals and the accompanying brain-drain they experience.

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3.

The key functions of the Human Resources are:
- A.
  
  Recruitment and Selection (Resourcing)
- B.
  
  Organizational design and development.
- C.
  
  Performance, conduct and behaviour management
- D.
  
  Human resources (or workforce) analysis and the management of workforce personal data
- E.
  
  All of the above and more
Correct Answer
E. All of the above and more

Explanation
Key functions
The Human Resources function may set strategies and develop policies, standards, systems and processes to implement these strategies in a whole range of areas for which the following would be typical of a wide range of organizations.
1. Recruitment and Selection (Resourcing)
2. Organizational design and development.
3. Business transformation and change management
4. Performance, conduct and behaviour management
5. Industrial and employee relations
6. Human resources (or workforce) analysis and the management of workforce personal data
7. Compensation, rewards and Benefits management
8. Training & development (Learning management)
Implementation of such policies, processes or standards may be directly managed by the HR function itself, or the function may indirectly supervise the implementation of such activities by managers, other business functions or via third-party external partner organizations.

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4.

The objective of an organization's human resource management strategy is...
- A.
  
  To maximize the return on investment from the organization's human capital
- B.
  
  Minimize financial risk
- C.
  
  All of the above
- D.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer
C. All of the above

Explanation
In the simplest terms, the objective of an organization's human resource management strategy is to maximize the return on investment from the organization's human capital and minimize financial risk. Human Resources seeks to achieve this by aligning the supply of skilled and qualified individuals, and the capabilities of the current workforce, with the ongoing and future business plans and requirements of the organization in order to maximise return on investment and seeks to secure the future survival and success of the entity. In ensuring such objectives are achieved, the human resource function purpose in this context is to implement the organisation's human resource requirements effectively but also pragmatically, taking account of legal, ethical and as far as is practical in a manner which retains the support and respect of the workforce.

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5.

Did the employment of women in factories in the United Kingdom during the First World War lead to the introduction of "Welfare Officers"?
- A.
  
  Yes
- B.
  
  No
Correct Answer
A. Yes

Explanation
Yes, it did. The early development of the function can be traced back to at least two distinct movements. One element has its origins in the late 19th century, where organisations such as Cadburys at its Bournville factory recognised the importance of looking after the welfare of the workforce, and their families. The employment of women in factories in the United Kingdom during the First World War lead to the introduction of "Welfare Officers". Meanwhile, in the United States the concept of human resources developed as a reaction to the efficiency focus of Taylorism or "scientific management" in the early 1900s which was developed as a response to the demand for ever more efficient working practices within highly mechanised factories, such as those of the Ford Motor Company.

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What Do You Know About Human Resources?

What is Human Resources?

A successful Human Resources Development program...

The key functions of the Human Resources are:

The objective of an organization's human resource management strategy is...

Did the employment of women in factories in the United Kingdom during the First World War lead to the introduction of "Welfare Officers"?