Overla - An Invitation To Sociology
Chapter 1 Test
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Several members of a little league baseball team begin wearing their baseball caps backwards and soon the entire team is following this style. This is an example of
- A.
Social structure
- B.
Group conformity
- C.
Group imagination
- D.
Social Darwinism
Correct Answer
B. Group conformityExplanation
This scenario exemplifies group conformity, as the members of the little league baseball team start wearing their baseball caps backwards to match the style adopted by some of the team members. Group conformity refers to the tendency of individuals to adjust their behavior, beliefs, or attitudes to match those of a particular group. In this case, the entire team follows the style of wearing their caps backwards, indicating conformity to the group norm.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Karl Marx believed that class conflict was inevitable because
- A.
Latent functions are more common than manifest functions
- B.
Social interdependence always leads to social unrest
- C.
Social Darwinism states that a classless society is the most stable type of society
- D.
Workers will eventually overthrow the capitalists just as slaves overthrew their masters
Correct Answer
D. Workers will eventually overthrow the capitalists just as slaves overthrew their mastersExplanation
Karl Marx believed that class conflict was inevitable because he argued that the capitalist system inherently creates a divide between the bourgeoisie (capitalist class) and the proletariat (working class). Marx believed that the exploitation and alienation experienced by the working class would eventually lead to a revolution, where the workers would overthrow the capitalists and establish a classless society. This belief was based on his theory of historical materialism, which posited that social change and progress occurred through the struggle between different social classes.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The changes caused by the Industrial Revolution, such as people moving from farms to cities, is an example of social
- A.
Conformity
- B.
Darwinism
- C.
Dynamics
- D.
Statics
Correct Answer
D. StaticsExplanation
The changes caused by the Industrial Revolution, such as people moving from farms to cities, can be seen as an example of social statics. Social statics refers to the study of social structures and institutions at a given point in time, focusing on the stability and order within a society. The shift from rural to urban areas during the Industrial Revolution represents a static change in society, as it involved a shift in the social structure and the way people lived, but did not necessarily involve significant social upheaval or transformation.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Using the Internet for shopping is convenient and can save time. This is a __________________ function of this type of shopping.
- A.
Latent
- B.
Manifest
- C.
Dynamic
- D.
Static
Correct Answer
B. ManifestExplanation
The given correct answer is "manifest." In the context of the sentence, the word "manifest" means that the convenience and time-saving aspect of using the Internet for shopping is easily observable or apparent. It is a visible or evident function of this type of shopping.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Some people think that shopping over the Internet can lead to social isolation because people go to stores less often. This is a _______________ function of Internet shopping.
- A.
Latent
- B.
Dynamic
- C.
Static
- D.
Manifest
Correct Answer
A. LatentExplanation
The correct answer is latent. Latent refers to something that is hidden or not easily visible. In the context of the question, the latent function of Internet shopping is that it can lead to social isolation because people are less likely to go to physical stores and interact with others. This effect may not be immediately apparent or obvious, but it exists as a potential consequence of online shopping.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The distribution of power is most important in which of the following theoretical perspectives?
- A.
Symbolic Interactionism
- B.
Conflict perspective
- C.
Functionalism
- D.
Positivism
Correct Answer
B. Conflict perspectiveExplanation
The distribution of power is most important in the conflict perspective because this theoretical perspective focuses on the unequal distribution of power and resources in society. It emphasizes the role of conflict and competition between different social groups, such as those based on social class, race, or gender, in shaping social relationships and structures. The conflict perspective highlights how power dynamics and struggles for resources can lead to social inequality and social change.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The theory that society benefits when each individual finds his or her own social class level without outside interference is called
- A.
Group conformity
- B.
Group imagination
- C.
Class conflict
- D.
Social Darwinism
Correct Answer
D. Social DarwinismExplanation
Social Darwinism is the correct answer because it refers to the belief that society is improved when individuals are allowed to naturally rise or fall to their appropriate social class level without interference. This theory is based on the idea of survival of the fittest, where those who are most capable and deserving will succeed while others will fail. It suggests that societal progress is achieved through competition and natural selection, rather than through efforts to promote equality or social justice.Rate this question:
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- 8.
When a baby waves "bye-bye" he/she is using
- A.
Function
- B.
Symbol
- C.
Verstehen
- D.
Rationalization
Correct Answer
B. SymbolExplanation
When a baby waves "bye-bye," they are using a symbol. A symbol is a representation of something else, and in this case, the baby is using the waving gesture as a symbol of saying goodbye. The baby may not fully understand the meaning behind the gesture, but they are using it to communicate their intention of saying goodbye. This demonstrates the early development of symbolic communication skills in infants.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following is NOT associated with mechanical solidarity
- A.
It existed in pre-Industrial times
- B.
Everyone had a highly specialized role
- C.
There was a widespread consensus of values
- D.
There was a strong social pressure to conform
Correct Answer
B. Everyone had a highly specialized roleExplanation
Mechanical solidarity refers to social cohesion based on the similarity of individuals in a society. It is characterized by a collective consciousness and a strong sense of community. In this context, having a highly specialized role would actually be associated with mechanical solidarity, as it implies that individuals have distinct and specific functions within the society, contributing to its overall stability and cohesion. Therefore, the statement "everyone had a highly specialized role" is not associated with mechanical solidarity.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Most groups encourage their members to conform to the groups way of thinking and behaving
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
In most groups, there is a social pressure for members to conform to the group's norms, beliefs, and behaviors. This is because conformity helps maintain group cohesion and harmony. By conforming, individuals avoid social rejection and gain acceptance from other group members. Conformity also helps in establishing a shared identity and achieving group goals. Therefore, it is generally true that most groups encourage their members to conform to the group's way of thinking and behaving.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Sociology is one of the oldest sciences, having been around about 400 years
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Sociology is not one of the oldest sciences. It emerged as a distinct discipline in the 19th century, making it less than 200 years old. While the study of human societies and social behavior has a long history, the formal academic field of sociology is relatively young compared to other sciences such as mathematics, physics, or astronomy.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A family is a group, but all of the people in this classroom are NOT a group.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement implies that while a family is considered a group, the people in the classroom are not. This suggests that there may be some factors or characteristics that differentiate a family from the people in the classroom, making them not a group. Therefore, the correct answer is False.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Sociologists rarely challenge conventional social wisdom
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
This statement is false. Sociologists often challenge conventional social wisdom as it is their job to critically analyze and question existing social norms, beliefs, and practices. They conduct research, gather data, and provide evidence-based insights that may challenge or debunk commonly held beliefs. By doing so, sociologists contribute to the understanding and advancement of society by offering alternative perspectives and promoting critical thinking.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The sociological perspective allows sociologists to focus on the common behaviors of a group of people, rather than their individual differences.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The sociological perspective emphasizes the study of society as a whole and the patterns of behavior that exist within groups of people. By focusing on common behaviors, sociologists can identify and analyze social structures, norms, and institutions that shape individuals' actions and beliefs. This perspective helps to understand how society influences individuals and how individuals contribute to the functioning of society. Therefore, the statement that the sociological perspective allows sociologists to focus on the common behaviors of a group of people rather than their individual differences is true.Rate this question:
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- 15.
When you try to understand your friends feelings by placing yourself in his/her situation you are using verstehen.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Verstehen is a sociological term that refers to the process of understanding the meaning and motives behind individuals' actions by empathizing with them and placing oneself in their situation. In this context, when you try to understand your friend's feelings by imagining yourself in their position, you are indeed using verstehen. Therefore, the given answer, "True," is correct.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Symbolic interactionists say that we are able to communicate with one another because we have a set of symbols that have similar meanings to all of us.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Symbolic interactionists argue that communication is possible because we share a common understanding of symbols and their meanings. These symbols allow us to convey messages and understand each other's intentions. By using these shared symbols, we can effectively communicate and interact with one another. Therefore, the statement that symbolic interactionists say we can communicate due to a set of symbols with similar meanings is true.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Sociological Imagination
- A.
Auguste Compte
- B.
C. Wright Mills
- C.
Max Weber
Correct Answer
B. C. Wright MillsExplanation
C. Wright Mills is the correct answer because he is the sociologist who developed the concept of sociological imagination. Sociological imagination refers to the ability to understand the relationship between personal experiences and larger social structures. Mills argued that individuals should be able to see how their personal troubles are connected to broader social issues. This concept is important in sociology as it helps individuals understand the social forces that shape their lives and provides a framework for analyzing society.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Positivism
- A.
Herbert Blumer
- B.
Karl Marx
- C.
Auguste Compte
Correct Answer
C. Auguste CompteExplanation
Auguste Compte is the correct answer because he is known as the founder of positivism. Positivism is a philosophical theory that emphasizes the use of scientific methods to study and understand the world. Compte believed that society could be studied and understood through empirical observation and measurement. He also believed in the idea of social progress and the importance of social order and stability. Compte's ideas had a significant influence on the development of sociology as a discipline.Rate this question:
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- 19.
A classless society
- A.
Karl Marx
- B.
Max Weber
- C.
C. Wright Mills
Correct Answer
A. Karl MarxExplanation
Karl Marx is associated with the concept of a classless society. He believed that in a communist society, there would be no social classes and everyone would have equal access to resources and opportunities. Marx's theory of class struggle and his critique of capitalism laid the foundation for the idea of a classless society. Max Weber and C. Wright Mills, on the other hand, focused more on social stratification and the role of power and authority in society.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Symbolic Interactionism
- A.
Max Weber
- B.
Herbert Blumer
- C.
Karl Marx
Correct Answer
B. Herbert BlumerExplanation
Herbert Blumer is the correct answer because he was one of the key figures in the development of symbolic interactionism, a sociological perspective that focuses on how individuals interpret and give meaning to symbols in their social interactions. Blumer expanded on the ideas of George Herbert Mead, another influential symbolic interactionist, and emphasized the importance of subjective meanings and social processes in shaping human behavior. Blumer's work has had a significant impact on the field of sociology and continues to be influential in understanding the complexities of human interaction.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Rationalization
- A.
Auguste Compte
- B.
Karl Marx
- C.
Max Weber
Correct Answer
C. Max WeberExplanation
Max Weber is the correct answer because he is known for his theory of rationalization. Weber believed that modern society is characterized by the increasing rationalization of social and economic life, where traditional values and beliefs are replaced by rational calculation and efficiency. This process of rationalization leads to the bureaucratization of organizations and the disenchantment of the world. Both Auguste Compte and Karl Marx also made significant contributions to sociological theory, but they are not specifically associated with the concept of rationalization.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Merton's theory of manifest and latent functions could be easily applied to high schools. Using Perry High School as a model, identify AND discuss three manifest functions of pHS and three latent functions of pHS.12 points
- 23.
Both a sociologist and a psychologist would be interested in ACT and SAT scores of high school students. Consider how the scientific interest of the sociologist would differ from that of the psychologist. Compare the similarities and contrast the differences.10 points
- 24.
Consider which of the three perspectives the following sociologist adheres to:While at a college basketball game this person focuses on the colors of the two teams playing and which is most predominant in the crowd watching the game. He/she focuses on the way that the crowd reacts to the different songs being played by the band. They focus on the way that one coach consistently argues with the officials calls and how the other coach seems to sit back and patiently analyze the game. They pay special attention to the way that the cheerleaders seem to have cheers for each and every possible scenario during the game.
- A.
Functionalist
- B.
Conflict
- C.
Symbolic Interactionist
Correct Answer
C. Symbolic InteractionistExplanation
The sociologist in this scenario adheres to the symbolic interactionist perspective. This is because they focus on the symbols and interactions within the college basketball game, such as the colors of the teams, the crowd's reactions to the songs, the coaches' behaviors, and the cheerleaders' cheers. Symbolic interactionists study how individuals interpret and give meaning to these symbols and interactions in their social interactions and relationships.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Consider which of the three perspectives the following sociologist adheres to:While at the same college basketball game this sociologist focuses on how everyone in the stadium seems to have a particular task that they are busily working on. Ticket takers are taking tickets, ushers are showing people to their seats, vendors are selling people their food items, trainers and athletes are moving about busily , coaches are working on some of their pregame rituals. Everyone seems to have a specific task that they are addressing.
- A.
Functionalist
- B.
Conflict
- C.
Symbolic Interactionist
Correct Answer
A. FunctionalistExplanation
The sociologist in this scenario adheres to the functionalist perspective. The focus on how everyone in the stadium has a particular task suggests an interest in the social functions and roles that individuals play in maintaining social order and harmony. The emphasis on everyone having a specific task aligns with the functionalist belief that society is made up of interdependent parts that work together to fulfill specific functions and contribute to the overall stability of society.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Consider which of the three perspectives the following sociologist adheres to:This sociologist is not even at the game. He/she is concerned with how much money school A spends on its program as opposed to school B. He/she is also looking at how much revenue is produced by television rights and merchandising. He/she believes that school A does better athletically because school A makes more money off of its program and school A spends more on its athletic program.
- A.
Functionalist
- B.
Conflict
- C.
Symbolic Interactionist
Correct Answer
B. ConflictExplanation
The sociologist adheres to the conflict perspective. This is evident from their focus on the disparity in financial resources between school A and school B, and how it relates to their athletic performance. The conflict perspective emphasizes the role of power, competition, and inequality in society, which aligns with the sociologist's concern about the financial aspects of the athletic programs.Rate this question:
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Mar 19, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 04, 2010Quiz Created by
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