1.
Chemical restraint is often contraindicated when it comes to large animal radiography.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Chemical restraint is often required to prevent harm to the patient, the X-Ray machine, and personnel.
2.
Where is the beam centered when taking a lateral view of the distal phalanx (pedal/coffin bone)?
Correct Answer
A. Over hoof wall just below coronary band
Explanation
When taking a lateral view of the distal phalanx (pedal/coffin bone), the beam is centered over the hoof wall just below the coronary band. This is the correct answer because the lateral view allows for a side view of the bone and its alignment. By centering the beam over the hoof wall just below the coronary band, the image captured will clearly show the position and structure of the distal phalanx. This positioning ensures that the entire bone is visible and any abnormalities or injuries can be accurately assessed.
3.
Where is the beam centered when taking a dorsopalmar/dorsoplantar view of the distal phalanx (pedal/coffin bone)?
Correct Answer
B. Over middle of pedal bone just below coronary band
Explanation
When taking a dorsopalmar/dorsoplantar view of the distal phalanx (pedal/coffin bone), the beam is centered over the middle of the pedal bone just below the coronary band. This positioning allows for a clear and accurate image of the distal phalanx, which is important for diagnosing and evaluating conditions or injuries in the foot of the horse. Placing the beam in this location ensures that the entire pedal bone is visible and any abnormalities can be properly assessed.
4.
Where is the beam centered when taking a dorsopalmar/dorsoplantar OBLIQUE view of the distal phalanx (pedal/coffin bone)?
Correct Answer
D. Over middle point of hoof wall just below coronary band
Explanation
The correct answer is "Over middle point of hoof wall just below coronary band". When taking a dorsopalmar/dorsoplantar oblique view of the distal phalanx (pedal/coffin bone), the beam is centered over the middle point of the hoof wall just below the coronary band. This positioning allows for a clear and accurate view of the distal phalanx and surrounding structures.
5.
Where is the beam centered when taking a dorsopalmar/dorsoplantar OBLIQUE view of the navicular bone?
Correct Answer
A. Over center of second pHalanx just above coronary band
Explanation
The correct answer is "Over center of second phalanx just above coronary band." When taking a dorsopalmar/dorsoplantar oblique view of the navicular bone, the beam is centered over the center of the second phalanx, which is the bone located just above the coronary band. This positioning allows for a clear and accurate view of the navicular bone.
6.
Where is the beam centered when taking a flexor view of the navicular bone?
Correct Answer
C. Over middle of bulbs of the heel
Explanation
The correct answer is "Over middle of bulbs of the heel." When taking a flexor view of the navicular bone, the beam is centered over the middle of the bulbs of the heel. This positioning allows for optimal visualization and assessment of the navicular bone and surrounding structures.
7.
Where is the beam centered when taking a dorsopalmar/dorsoplantar view of the proximal phalanges (short and long pastern bones)?
Correct Answer
A. Over the area of interest
Explanation
When taking a dorsopalmar/dorsoplantar view of the proximal phalanges, the beam is centered over the area of interest. This means that the X-ray beam is directed towards the specific region of the proximal phalanges that is being examined. This allows for a clear and accurate image of the bones in that area to be captured.
8.
Where is the beam centered when taking a lateral view of the proximal phalanges (short and long pastern bones)?
Correct Answer
A. Over the area of interest
Explanation
When taking a lateral view of the proximal phalanges, the beam is centered over the area of interest. This means that the X-ray beam is directed towards the specific region of the proximal phalanges that needs to be imaged. This ensures that the desired area is captured clearly on the X-ray image.
9.
Where is the beam centered when taking a dorsopalmar/dorsoplantar view of the fetlock joint?
Correct Answer
D. Through the joint at a right angle to the cassette
Explanation
When taking a dorsopalmar/dorsoplantar view of the fetlock joint, the beam should be centered through the joint at a right angle to the cassette. This means that the X-ray beam should pass directly through the joint, perpendicular to the surface of the imaging cassette. This positioning allows for a clear and accurate visualization of the joint space and any potential abnormalities or injuries within the joint. Centering the beam over the area of interest, through the bulbs of the heel, or perpendicular to the cassette but not through the joint would not provide the desired view of the fetlock joint.
10.
Where is the beam centered when taking a lateral view of the fetlock joint?
Correct Answer
D. Through the joint at a right angle to the cassette
Explanation
When taking a lateral view of the fetlock joint, the beam is centered through the joint at a right angle to the cassette. This means that the X-ray beam is directed perpendicular to the cassette and passes through the joint, allowing for a clear image of the joint space and any potential abnormalities or injuries. This positioning ensures that the beam is focused on the specific area of interest, which in this case is the fetlock joint. The other options, such as over the area of interest, through the joint perpendicular to the cassette, or bulbs of the heel, are not correct because they do not accurately describe the proper positioning for a lateral view of the fetlock joint.
11.
Where is the beam centered when taking a flexed lateral view of the fetlock joint?
Correct Answer
D. Through the joint at a right angle to the cassette
Explanation
When taking a flexed lateral view of the fetlock joint, the beam is centered through the joint at a right angle to the cassette. This means that the x-ray beam is directed through the joint, perpendicular to the plane of the cassette. This positioning allows for a clear and accurate image of the fetlock joint, providing a comprehensive view of any abnormalities or injuries in that area.
12.
Where is the beam centered when taking lateral and medial OBLIQUE views of the fetlock joint?
Correct Answer
C. Through the middle of the joint at 30-to 45-degree angle from dorsal midline of joint
Explanation
When taking lateral and medial oblique views of the fetlock joint, the beam is centered through the middle of the joint at a 30-to 45-degree angle from the dorsal midline of the joint. This positioning allows for optimal visualization of the joint space and structures, providing a comprehensive view of the area of interest. By angling the beam in this manner, the radiograph captures the joint from a different perspective, aiding in the diagnosis and assessment of any potential abnormalities or pathology.
13.
A lateral or medial OBLIQUE view of the fetlock joint allows visualization of the lateral or medial sesamoid bones on the palmar/plantar aspect of the limb.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
A lateral or medial oblique view of the fetlock joint is able to show the lateral or medial sesamoid bones on the palmar/plantar aspect of the limb. This means that this type of view allows for a clear visualization of these specific bones in the fetlock joint.
14.
Where is the beam centered when taking a dorsoplantar/dorsopalmar view of the metacarpus/metatarsus?
Correct Answer
C. Over midpoint of metacarpus or metatarsus
Explanation
When taking a dorsoplantar/dorsopalmar view of the metacarpus/metatarsus, the beam is centered over the midpoint of the metacarpus or metatarsus. This ensures that the entire area of interest is captured in the radiograph. Placing the beam over the area of interest, through the joint perpendicular to the cassette, or through the joint at a right angle to the cassette may result in incomplete imaging of the metacarpus/metatarsus.
15.
Where is the beam centered when taking a lateral view of the metacarpus/metatarsus?
Correct Answer
C. Over midpoint of metacarpus or metatarsus
Explanation
In a lateral view of the metacarpus/metatarsus, the beam is centered over the midpoint of the metacarpus or metatarsus. This means that the X-ray beam is directed towards the middle of the bone structure being imaged. This positioning allows for a clear and accurate depiction of the entire metacarpus/metatarsus, ensuring that no important details are missed. By centering the beam over the midpoint, the joint is also included in the image, providing additional information about the surrounding structures and any potential abnormalities.
16.
Where is the beam centered when taking lateral and medial OBLIQUE views of the metacarpus/metatarsus?
Correct Answer
C. At middle of metacarpus/metatarsus, approximately 45 degrees lateral or medial to a true dorsopalmar/dorsoplantar projection
Explanation
When taking lateral and medial oblique views of the metacarpus/metatarsus, the beam is centered at the middle of the metacarpus/metatarsus, approximately 45 degrees lateral or medial to a true dorsopalmar/dorsoplantar projection. This positioning allows for optimal visualization of the area of interest while avoiding overlap of structures. By angling the beam, it provides a different perspective and helps to highlight specific anatomical features.
17.
When trying to visualize a lateral splint bone, the cassette should be positioned laterally.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
When trying to visualize a lateral splint, the cassette should be positioned MEDIALLY. The cassette should only be positioned laterally if you are trying to visualize a medial splint.
18.
Where is the beam centered when taking a dosopalmar view of the carpus?
Correct Answer
C. Over middle of carpus joint at true dorsopalmar plane.
Explanation
When taking a dorsopalmar view of the carpus, the beam is centered over the middle of the carpus joint at the true dorsopalmar plane. This means that the x-ray beam is directed perpendicular to the cassette and passes through the joint at a right angle. This positioning allows for a clear and accurate image of the carpal bones and their alignment.
19.
Where is the beam centered when taking a lateral view of the carpus?
Correct Answer
B. Over lateral aspect of limb through carpus joint.
Explanation
When taking a lateral view of the carpus, the beam is centered over the lateral aspect of the limb through the carpus joint. This means that the x-ray beam is directed perpendicular to the cassette and passes through the joint at a right angle. This positioning allows for a clear and accurate image of the carpus joint, which is the area of interest in this case.
20.
Where is the beam centered when taking a flexed lateral view of the carpus?
Correct Answer
B. Over lateral aspect of limb through carpus joint.
Explanation
When taking a flexed lateral view of the carpus, the beam is centered over the lateral aspect of the limb through the carpus joint. This ensures that the X-ray captures the desired area of interest, which is the carpus joint. By positioning the beam over the lateral aspect of the limb, the X-ray can penetrate through the joint at the correct angle to obtain a clear image of the carpus joint.
21.
Where is the beam centered when taking lateral or medial oblique view of the carpus?
Correct Answer
D. Through middle of carpus angled approximately 45 degrees from dorsal midline of joint
Explanation
The beam is centered through the middle of the carpus angled approximately 45 degrees from the dorsal midline of the joint. This positioning allows for a lateral or medial oblique view of the carpus, providing a clear image of the joint from a specific angle. By angling the beam, the radiologist can visualize the carpal bones and surrounding structures more effectively, aiding in the diagnosis and assessment of any abnormalities or injuries.
22.
Where is the beam centered when taking a skyline view of the carpus?
Correct Answer
B. Over lateral aspect of limb through carpus joint.
Explanation
The correct answer is "Over lateral aspect of limb through carpus joint." When taking a skyline view of the carpus, the beam is centered over the lateral aspect of the limb, specifically through the carpus joint. This view allows for a clear visualization of the carpal bones and their alignment. The other options either do not accurately describe the positioning of the beam or do not mention the carpus joint.
23.
Where is the beam centered when taking a dosoplantar view of the tarsus?
Correct Answer
C. Through middle of joint at a true dorsoplantar plane.
Explanation
When taking a dorsoplantar view of the tarsus, the beam should be centered through the middle of the joint at a true dorsoplantar plane. This means that the beam should pass through the center of the joint in a direction that is perpendicular to the cassette. This positioning allows for a clear and accurate image of the tarsus joint, providing a true representation of the anatomy and any potential abnormalities or injuries.
24.
A good guideline for determining a true dorspolantar direction when imaging a dorsoplantar view o fthe tarsus is to draw an imaginary line from the middle of the hoof wall to the tibie.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
This statement is true because when imaging a dorsoplantar view of the tarsus, drawing an imaginary line from the middle of the hoof wall to the tibia helps to determine the true dorsoplantar direction. This line helps to align the structures of the foot and leg correctly in the image, ensuring accurate interpretation and diagnosis.
25.
Where is the beam centered when taking a lateral view of the tarsus?
Correct Answer
D. Over middle of tarsal joint approximately 4 inches distal to calcaneal tuberosity.
Explanation
The beam is centered over the middle of the tarsal joint, which is located approximately 4 inches distal to the calcaneal tuberosity. This positioning allows for a true dorsoplantar view of the joint, providing a clear and accurate image.
26.
Where is the beam centered when taking lateral or medial oblique view of the tarsus?
Correct Answer
D. Over middle of tarsal joint approximately 4 inches distal to calcaneal tuberosity.
Explanation
The beam is centered over the middle of the tarsal joint approximately 4 inches distal to the calcaneal tuberosity when taking a lateral or medial oblique view of the tarsus. This positioning allows for optimal visualization of the tarsal joint and surrounding structures.
27.
Where is the beam centered when taking a craniocaudal view of the elbow?
Correct Answer
D. Over middle of joint over cranial midline.
Explanation
When taking a craniocaudal view of the elbow, the beam should be centered over the middle of the joint, specifically over the cranial midline. This ensures that the entire joint is captured on the image. By positioning the beam in this way, any abnormalities or injuries in the elbow joint can be properly visualized and diagnosed.
28.
Where is the beam centered when taking a lateral view of the elbow?
Correct Answer
B. Over middle of elbow joint.
Explanation
When taking a lateral view of the elbow, the beam is centered over the middle of the elbow joint. This ensures that the image captures the entire joint and provides a clear view of any abnormalities or injuries in that area. By positioning the beam over the middle of the joint, it allows for accurate assessment of the joint space and alignment, which is important for diagnosing conditions such as fractures, dislocations, or arthritis.
29.
Where is the beam centered when taking a lateral view of the shoulder?
Correct Answer
B. Over shoulder joint.
Explanation
When taking a lateral view of the shoulder, the beam is centered over the shoulder joint. This means that the x-ray beam is directed towards the area of interest, which is the shoulder joint. By centering the beam over the joint, a clear and accurate image of the shoulder can be obtained, allowing for proper evaluation and diagnosis of any potential issues or injuries.
30.
Where is the beam centered when taking a caudocranial view of the stifle?
Correct Answer
B. Over stifle joint, approximately 4 inches distal to patella.
Explanation
In a caudocranial view of the stifle, the beam is centered over the stifle joint, which is located approximately 4 inches distal to the patella. This positioning allows for a clear and accurate image of the stifle joint, capturing any abnormalities or injuries that may be present in that area.
31.
Where is the beam centered when taking a lateral view of the stifle?
Correct Answer
C. Over stifle joint space, approximately 4 inches distal to patella.
Explanation
The beam is centered over the stifle joint space, approximately 4 inches distal to the patella. This positioning allows for optimal visualization of the joint space and surrounding structures.
32.
When performing a pelvic X-Ray on an equine patient, the legs are allowed to be in the "frog-leg" position.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
When performing a pelvic X-Ray on an equine patient, allowing the legs to be in the "frog-leg" position is true. This position helps to provide a clear and accurate view of the pelvic region, allowing for better evaluation of the bones and joints. By positioning the legs in this way, the X-Ray can capture a more comprehensive image, enabling the veterinarian to make a more accurate diagnosis if there are any abnormalities or injuries present in the pelvic area.
33.
Where is the beam centered when taking a lateral view of the skull?
Correct Answer
A. Over the area of interest
Explanation
When taking a lateral view of the skull, the beam is centered over the area of interest. This means that the x-ray beam is focused on the specific region or structure of the skull that is being examined. By centering the beam over the area of interest, it allows for a clear and accurate image to be captured, providing valuable information for diagnostic purposes.
34.
Where is the beam centered when taking a lateral view of the guttural pouch?
Correct Answer
D. Caudal to vertical ramus of mandible (over guttural pouch region).
Explanation
The beam is centered caudal to the vertical ramus of the mandible, specifically over the guttural pouch region, when taking a lateral view of the guttural pouch.
35.
Where is the beam centered when taking a dorsoventral view of the guttural pouch?
Correct Answer
D. Caudal to vertical ramus of mandible (over guttural pouch region).
Explanation
When taking a dorsoventral view of the guttural pouch, the beam is centered caudal to the vertical ramus of the mandible, specifically over the guttural pouch region. This means that the X-ray beam is directed towards the back of the horse's head, behind the vertical part of the lower jawbone, in order to capture an image of the guttural pouch area.
36.
Abdominal and thoracic X-rays are commonly done on equine patients.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
These types of radiographs are typically only taken at very specialized practices!
37.
The field of view when taking all views of the distal phalanx (pedal/coffin bone) should include:
Correct Answer
A. The entire hoof.
Explanation
When taking all views of the distal phalanx (pedal/coffin bone), the field of view should include the entire hoof. This means that the X-ray should capture not only the distal phalanx but also the surrounding structures such as the hoof wall, sole, and frog. Including the entire hoof in the field of view allows for a more comprehensive assessment of the bone and its relationship to the surrounding structures, which is important for diagnosing and treating any potential issues or injuries.
38.
The field of view when taking all views of the proximal phalanges (short and long pastern bones) should include:
Correct Answer
C. The first and second pHalanges.
Explanation
The first and second phalanges refer to the proximal phalanges, which are the bones located closest to the hoof. Including these bones in the field of view allows for a comprehensive assessment of the structure and health of the foot. The other options, such as the entire hoof or the entire foot, would encompass a broader area that may not be necessary for the specific purpose of evaluating the proximal phalanges.
39.
The field of view when taking all views of the fetlock joint should include:
Correct Answer
B. The entire fetlock joint and a small portion of the bones that are proximal and distal to the joint.
Explanation
The correct answer is that the field of view when taking all views of the fetlock joint should include the entire fetlock joint and a small portion of the bones that are proximal and distal to the joint. This is because when imaging the fetlock joint, it is important to capture the entire joint itself as well as the surrounding structures to fully assess the condition and any potential abnormalities. Including a small portion of the bones that are proximal and distal to the joint allows for a more comprehensive evaluation of the area.
40.
The field of view when taking all views of the fetlock joint should include:
Correct Answer
B. The entire fetlock joint and a small portion of the bones that are proximal and distal to the joint.
Explanation
When taking all views of the fetlock joint, the field of view should not only include just the fetlock itself, but also a small portion of the bones that are proximal (above) and distal (below) to the joint. This is important because it allows for a comprehensive assessment of the joint and its surrounding structures, providing a more accurate diagnosis and evaluation of any potential issues or abnormalities. Including the entire foot or the first and second phalanges alone would not provide a complete view of the fetlock joint and its related bones.
41.
The field of view when taking all views of the metacarpus/metatarsus should include:
Correct Answer
B. The joints proximal and distal to the metacarpus or metatarsus.
Explanation
When taking all views of the metacarpus/metatarsus, the field of view should include the joints proximal and distal to the metacarpus or metatarsus. This means that not only the metacarpus or metatarsus should be included, but also the joints that are located before and after it. This is important in order to have a comprehensive view of the entire area and to assess any potential abnormalities or injuries in the joints adjacent to the metacarpus or metatarsus. Including all of the phalanges or the entire leg is not necessary for specifically evaluating the metacarpus/metatarsus.
42.
The field of view when taking all views (EXCEPT for the flexed lateral view) of the carpus should include:
Correct Answer
B. The joints proximal and distal to the carpus.
Explanation
When taking all views of the carpus except for the flexed lateral view, the field of view should include the joints proximal and distal to the carpus. This means that the joints above and below the carpus should be visible in the imaging. The carpus itself should also be included in the field of view. However, the entire leg and all of the phalanges are not necessary to be included in the field of view for this particular imaging.
43.
The field of view when takiking the flexed lateral view of the carpus should include:
Correct Answer
A. The entire carpus joint.
Explanation
When taking a flexed lateral view of the carpus, the field of view should include the entire carpus joint. This means that the image should capture the entire wrist joint, including all the bones and structures within it. The other options mentioned, such as the joints proximal and distal to the carpus, all of the phalanges, and the entire leg, are not necessary to include in the field of view for this specific view of the carpus.
44.
The field of view when taking the skyline view of the carpus should include:
Correct Answer
C. The dome of the carpus.
Explanation
When taking a skyline view of the carpus, the field of view should include the dome of the carpus. This means that the X-ray should be focused on the top part of the carpus, capturing the joint and bone structure in that area. The other options, such as just the carpus, the joints proximal and distal to the carpus, or the entire leg, are not correct because they do not specifically target the dome of the carpus.
45.
The field of view when taking all views of the tarsus should include:
Correct Answer
B. The entire tarsal joint and the joints proximal and distal to the tarsus.
Explanation
The correct answer is "The entire tarsal joint and the joints proximal and distal to the tarsus." This means that when taking all views of the tarsus, the field of view should include not only the tarsus itself but also the joints that are connected to it. This is important because it allows for a comprehensive evaluation of the tarsus and its surrounding structures, providing a more accurate assessment of any potential abnormalities or injuries. Including all of the phalanges or the entire leg would be excessive and unnecessary for specifically evaluating the tarsus.
46.
The field of view when taking all views of the elbow joint should include:
Correct Answer
A. The entire elbow joint.
Explanation
When taking all views of the elbow joint, the field of view should include the entire elbow joint. This means that the imaging should capture the entire joint, including all its structures and surrounding tissues. The other options mentioned, such as the joints proximal and distal to the elbow, the scapula, and the entire leg, are not necessary for the field of view when focusing on the elbow joint.
47.
Correct Answer
A. Lateral Distal pHalanx
48.
Correct Answer
A. Dorsoplantar/Dorsopalmar Distal pHalanx
49.
Correct Answer
B. Dorsopalmar/Dorsoplantar Oblique Navicular Bone
50.
Correct Answer
A. Flexor Navicular Bone