Linux LPI 117-101 # 1 Of 9

1. Which file holds information about the IRQ channels in use?

Explanation: /proc/interrupts holds IRQ channels. /proc/ioports holds I/O memory
addresses.
/proc/dma holds DMA channels.

Explanation

Explanation: /proc/interrupts holds IRQ channels. /proc/ioports holds I/O memory
addresses.
/proc/dma holds DMA channels.

Submit

2. Which file holds information about the I/O addresses in use?

/proc/interrupts holds IRQ channels. /proc/ioports holds I/O memory

addresses.

/proc/dma holds DMA channels.

Explanation

/proc/interrupts holds IRQ channels. /proc/ioports holds I/O memory

addresses.

/proc/dma holds DMA channels.

Submit

4. What is the IRQ of COM2?

COM 1 uses an IRQ of 4 and a memory address of 03F8. COM 2 is
assigned to IRQ 3 and a memory address of 02F8.

Explanation

COM 1 uses an IRQ of 4 and a memory address of 03F8. COM 2 is
assigned to IRQ 3 and a memory address of 02F8.

Submit

5. You suspect that a new ethernet card might be conflicting with another device. Which file should you check within the /proc tree to learn which IRQs are being used by which kernel drives?

The Linux /proc Directory is a Virtual Filesystem provided by linux kernel. /proc
contains files and directories that let system administrators and programmers access
system information.
The file /proc/interrupts file contains information on interrupts and IRQs. First Ethernet
card device name is eth0, second Ethernet card device name is eth1 ..., to identify that
dev will conflict or not , see the contains of file. Already eth0 is appeared or not ?
Here is the output of /proc/interrupts
CPU0
0: 380893 XT-PIC timer
1: 843 XT-PIC i8042
2: 0 XT-PIC cascade
5: 0 XT-PIC uhci_hcd
8: 1 XT-PIC rtc
11: 48 XT-PIC Intel 82801AA-ICH, eth0
14: 6086 XT-PIC ide0
NMI: 0
ERR: 0
For a multi-processor machine, this _le may look slightly different:
CPU0 CPU1
0: 1366814704 0 XT-PIC timer
1: 128 340 IO-APIC-edge keyboard
2: 0 0 XT-PIC cascade
8: 0 1 IO-APIC-edge rtc
12: 5323 5793 IO-APIC-edge PS/2 Mouse
13: 1 0 XT-PIC fpu
16: 11184294 15940594 IO-APIC-level Intel EtherExpress Pro
10/100 Ethernet
20: 8450043 11120093 IO-APIC-level megaraid
30: 10432 10722 IO-APIC-level aic7xxx
31: 23 22 IO-APIC-level aic7xxx
NMI: 0
ERR: 0
Appeared Number of CPU, Number of Ethernet card.

Explanation

The Linux /proc Directory is a Virtual Filesystem provided by linux kernel. /proc
contains files and directories that let system administrators and programmers access
system information.
The file /proc/interrupts file contains information on interrupts and IRQs. First Ethernet
card device name is eth0, second Ethernet card device name is eth1 ..., to identify that
dev will conflict or not , see the contains of file. Already eth0 is appeared or not ?
Here is the output of /proc/interrupts
CPU0
0: 380893 XT-PIC timer
1: 843 XT-PIC i8042
2: 0 XT-PIC cascade
5: 0 XT-PIC uhci_hcd
8: 1 XT-PIC rtc
11: 48 XT-PIC Intel 82801AA-ICH, eth0
14: 6086 XT-PIC ide0
NMI: 0
ERR: 0
For a multi-processor machine, this _le may look slightly different:
CPU0 CPU1
0: 1366814704 0 XT-PIC timer
1: 128 340 IO-APIC-edge keyboard
2: 0 0 XT-PIC cascade
8: 0 1 IO-APIC-edge rtc
12: 5323 5793 IO-APIC-edge PS/2 Mouse
13: 1 0 XT-PIC fpu
16: 11184294 15940594 IO-APIC-level Intel EtherExpress Pro
10/100 Ethernet
20: 8450043 11120093 IO-APIC-level megaraid
30: 10432 10722 IO-APIC-level aic7xxx
31: 23 22 IO-APIC-level aic7xxx
NMI: 0
ERR: 0
Appeared Number of CPU, Number of Ethernet card.

Submit

6. You wish to configure your soundcard. Type in the name of the Red Hat text/gui application that allows you to set/autodetect the sound card?

Sndconfig is a text based tool which sets up the configuration files
you'll need to use a sound card with a Red Hat Linux system. Sndconfig can be used to set the proper sound type for programs which use the /dev/dsp, /dev/audio and
/dev/mixer devices. The sound settings are saved by the aumix and sysV runlevel
scripts. Install sndconfig if you need to configure your sound card.

Explanation

Sndconfig is a text based tool which sets up the configuration files
you'll need to use a sound card with a Red Hat Linux system. Sndconfig can be used to set the proper sound type for programs which use the /dev/dsp, /dev/audio and
/dev/mixer devices. The sound settings are saved by the aumix and sysV runlevel
scripts. Install sndconfig if you need to configure your sound card.

Submit

7. The _____ daemon is needed to establish a PPP link to another computer?

On Linux, PPP functionality is split into two parts: a kernel component that handles the low-level protocols (HDLC, IPCP, IPXCP, etc.) and the user space pppd daemon that handles the various higher-level protocols, such as PAP and CHAP. The current release of the PPP software for Linux contains the PPP daemon pppd and a program named chat that automates the dialing of the remote system.

Explanation

On Linux, PPP functionality is split into two parts: a kernel component that handles the low-level protocols (HDLC, IPCP, IPXCP, etc.) and the user space pppd daemon that handles the various higher-level protocols, such as PAP and CHAP. The current release of the PPP software for Linux contains the PPP daemon pppd and a program named chat that automates the dialing of the remote system.

Submit

8. What command should you use to find out the version of the pppd daemon you're using

PPP is the protocol used for establishing internet links over dial-up

Modems, DSL connections, and many other types of point-to-point links. The pppd

daemon works together with the kernel PPP driver to establish and maintain a PPP

link with another system (called the peer) and to negotiate Internet Protocol (IP)

addresses for each end of the link. Pppd can also authenticate the peer and/or

supply authentication information to the peer. PPP can be used with other network

protocols besides IP, but such use is becoming increasingly rare.

Explanation

PPP is the protocol used for establishing internet links over dial-up

Modems, DSL connections, and many other types of point-to-point links. The pppd

daemon works together with the kernel PPP driver to establish and maintain a PPP

link with another system (called the peer) and to negotiate Internet Protocol (IP)

addresses for each end of the link. Pppd can also authenticate the peer and/or

supply authentication information to the peer. PPP can be used with other network

protocols besides IP, but such use is becoming increasingly rare.

Submit

9. What is the name of the point to point protocol daemon that is used when connecting with a modem?

On Linux, PPP functionality is split into two parts: a kernel
component that handles the low-level protocols (HDLC, IPCP, IPXCP, etc.) and the
user space pppd daemon that handles the various higher-level protocols, such as
PAP and CHAP. The current release of the PPP software for Linux contains the PPP daemon pppd and a program named chat that automates the dialing of the
remote system.

Explanation

On Linux, PPP functionality is split into two parts: a kernel
component that handles the low-level protocols (HDLC, IPCP, IPXCP, etc.) and the
user space pppd daemon that handles the various higher-level protocols, such as
PAP and CHAP. The current release of the PPP software for Linux contains the PPP daemon pppd and a program named chat that automates the dialing of the
remote system.

Submit

10. What is the device file and full path for the LPT1 port?

LPT1 port usually used to connect the printer having parallel port and

the device name is /dev/lp0. If you have printer with USB port then device name will

be /dev/usb/lp0.

Explanation

LPT1 port usually used to connect the printer having parallel port and

the device name is /dev/lp0. If you have printer with USB port then device name will

be /dev/usb/lp0.

Submit

11. Type in just the numeral of the IRQ most likely to conflict on a system that has both a sound card and second LPT port.

IRQ 0 - System timer. Reserved for the system. Cannot be changed by a user.

IRQ 1 - Keyboard. Reserved for the system. Cannot be altered even if no keyboard is

present or needed.

IRQ 2 - Cascaded to 9

IRQ 3 - COM 2(Default) COM 4(User)

IRQ 4 - COM 1(Default) COM 3(User)

IRQ 5 - Sound card (Sound Blaster Pro or later) or LPT2(User)

IRQ 6 - Floppy disk controller

IRQ 7 - LPT1(Parallel port) or sound card (8-bit Sound Blaster and compatibles)

IRQ 8 - Real time clock

IRQ 9 - Cascaded to 2

IRQ 10 - Free / Open interrupt / Available / SCSI

IRQ 11 - Free / Open interrupt / Available / SCSI

IRQ 12 - PS/2 connector Mouse / If no PS/2 connector mouse is used, this can be used

for other peripherals

IRQ 13 - ISA / Math Co-Processor

IRQ 14 - Primary IDE. If no Primary IDE this can be changed

IRQ 15 - Secondary IDE

Explanation

IRQ 0 - System timer. Reserved for the system. Cannot be changed by a user.

IRQ 1 - Keyboard. Reserved for the system. Cannot be altered even if no keyboard is

present or needed.

IRQ 2 - Cascaded to 9

IRQ 3 - COM 2(Default) COM 4(User)

IRQ 4 - COM 1(Default) COM 3(User)

IRQ 5 - Sound card (Sound Blaster Pro or later) or LPT2(User)

IRQ 6 - Floppy disk controller

IRQ 7 - LPT1(Parallel port) or sound card (8-bit Sound Blaster and compatibles)

IRQ 8 - Real time clock

IRQ 9 - Cascaded to 2

IRQ 10 - Free / Open interrupt / Available / SCSI

IRQ 11 - Free / Open interrupt / Available / SCSI

IRQ 12 - PS/2 connector Mouse / If no PS/2 connector mouse is used, this can be used

for other peripherals

IRQ 13 - ISA / Math Co-Processor

IRQ 14 - Primary IDE. If no Primary IDE this can be changed

IRQ 15 - Secondary IDE

Submit

12. The ____________ command displays ISA plug-and-play devices resource information.

pnpdump will scan all the ISA PnP cards, dumping their resource

data to stdout. The resource data is supposed to be a description of the resources

(IO ports, interrupts, DMA channels) that the card would like, or needs, to use to work. It is stored in a small ROM on the card, which can be read as part of the Plug
and Play configuration process.

Explanation

pnpdump will scan all the ISA PnP cards, dumping their resource

data to stdout. The resource data is supposed to be a description of the resources

(IO ports, interrupts, DMA channels) that the card would like, or needs, to use to work. It is stored in a small ROM on the card, which can be read as part of the Plug
and Play configuration process.

Submit

14. The___________command allows you to view or change serial port configuration.

setserial command helps to set or get the Linux Serial Port

Information. setserial is a program designed to set and/or report the configuration

information associated with a serial port. This information includes what I/O port

and IRQ a particular serial port is using, and whether or not the break key should

be interpreted as the Secure Attention Key, and so on.

Explanation

setserial command helps to set or get the Linux Serial Port

Information. setserial is a program designed to set and/or report the configuration

information associated with a serial port. This information includes what I/O port

and IRQ a particular serial port is using, and whether or not the break key should

be interpreted as the Secure Attention Key, and so on.

Submit

15. The ________ partition is used for virtual memory.

Swap space in Linux is used when the amount of physical memory

(RAM) is full. If the system needsmore memory resources and the RAM is full,

inactive pages in memory are moved to the swap space.While swap space can help

machines with a small amount of RAM, it should not be considered a

replacement for more RAM. Swap space is located on hard drives, which have a slower

access time

than physical memory. Swap space can be a dedicated swap partition (recommended), a

swap file, or a combination of swap partitions and swap files. The size of your swap

should be equal to twice your computer's physical RAM for up to 2 GB of physical

RAM. For physical RAM above 2 GB, the size of your swap should be equal to the

amount of physical RAM above 2 GB. The size of your swap should never less than 32

MB. Using this basic formula, a system with 2 GB of physical RAM would have 4 GB of

swap, while one with 3 GB of physical RAM would have 5 GB of swap.

Explanation

Swap space in Linux is used when the amount of physical memory

(RAM) is full. If the system needsmore memory resources and the RAM is full,

inactive pages in memory are moved to the swap space.While swap space can help

machines with a small amount of RAM, it should not be considered a

replacement for more RAM. Swap space is located on hard drives, which have a slower

access time

than physical memory. Swap space can be a dedicated swap partition (recommended), a

swap file, or a combination of swap partitions and swap files. The size of your swap

should be equal to twice your computer's physical RAM for up to 2 GB of physical

RAM. For physical RAM above 2 GB, the size of your swap should be equal to the

amount of physical RAM above 2 GB. The size of your swap should never less than 32

MB. Using this basic formula, a system with 2 GB of physical RAM would have 4 GB of

swap, while one with 3 GB of physical RAM would have 5 GB of swap.

Submit

16. Type in the Variable name of the variable that stores the location of the command line history file. (Type the variable as it would be used on the command line.)

There are two types of variable, Shell and environmental variables.

Shell Variables are available on particular shell, whether environmental variables

available on all shells.

HISTSIZE is a environmental Variables containing the value to store number of

commands on history.

You can assign different value to variable. HISTSIZE=0

Some Variable:

HISTFILE: Specifies the files in which history command are stored on logout.

HISTFILESIZE: Specifies the number of commands of history to be saved when the shell

exits.

HISTSIZE: specifies the number of history commands to keep while operating

interactively.

Explanation

There are two types of variable, Shell and environmental variables.

Shell Variables are available on particular shell, whether environmental variables

available on all shells.

HISTSIZE is a environmental Variables containing the value to store number of

commands on history.

You can assign different value to variable. HISTSIZE=0

Some Variable:

HISTFILE: Specifies the files in which history command are stored on logout.

HISTFILESIZE: Specifies the number of commands of history to be saved when the shell

exits.

HISTSIZE: specifies the number of history commands to keep while operating

interactively.

Submit

17. What is the full path and filename of the LPT2 port?

LPT1 port usually used to connect the printer having parallel port and the device name is /dev/lp0. If you have printer with USB port then device name will
be /dev/usb/lp0. Convention is like, /dev/lp0 LPT1, /dev/lp1 LPT2.

Explanation

LPT1 port usually used to connect the printer having parallel port and the device name is /dev/lp0. If you have printer with USB port then device name will
be /dev/usb/lp0. Convention is like, /dev/lp0 LPT1, /dev/lp1 LPT2.

Submit

18. Type in the device file including path for the second serial port

Serial devices are usually called something like/dev/ttyS1 under Linux.
The utility stty will allow you to interactively view or set the settings for a serial
port; setserial will allow you to control a few extended attributes and configure
IRQs and I/O addresses for non-standard ports..
First Serial Port: /dev/ttyS0
Second Serial Port: /dev/ttyS1

Explanation

Serial devices are usually called something like/dev/ttyS1 under Linux.
The utility stty will allow you to interactively view or set the settings for a serial
port; setserial will allow you to control a few extended attributes and configure
IRQs and I/O addresses for non-standard ports..
First Serial Port: /dev/ttyS0
Second Serial Port: /dev/ttyS1

Submit

19. Type in the device file and full path to first serial port.

Serial devices are usually called something like/dev/ttyS1 under Linux.

The utility stty will allow you to interactively view or set the settings for a serial

port; setserial will allow you to control a few extended attributes and configure

IRQs and I/O addresses for non-standard ports..

First Serial Port: /dev/ttyS0

Second Serial Port: /dev/ttyS1

Explanation

Serial devices are usually called something like/dev/ttyS1 under Linux.

The utility stty will allow you to interactively view or set the settings for a serial

port; setserial will allow you to control a few extended attributes and configure

IRQs and I/O addresses for non-standard ports..

First Serial Port: /dev/ttyS0

Second Serial Port: /dev/ttyS1

Submit

20. You are building a system administration shell script and always want a particular line to read a file named Certkiller1.txt that exists in the home directory of every user, regardless of who the user is. What would be the full path including the filename for this file, for the current user?

The ~ Symbol represent the user's home directory. As well as in linux
system, there is a environmental variable HOME, representing the user's home
directory.So, we can use ~ symbol or $HOME variable.

Explanation

The ~ Symbol represent the user's home directory. As well as in linux
system, there is a environmental variable HOME, representing the user's home
directory.So, we can use ~ symbol or $HOME variable.

Submit

21. What is the variable name that holds the terminal capabilities variable, which is usually set to vt100? Type the variable exactly as it would be used at the command line.

The environment variable TERM should normally contain the type

name of the terminal, console or display-device type you are using. This information

is critical for all screen-oriented programs, including your editor and mailer.

Explanation

The environment variable TERM should normally contain the type

name of the terminal, console or display-device type you are using. This information

is critical for all screen-oriented programs, including your editor and mailer.

Submit

22. Type in the variable name that controls the size of the command line history. (Type the variable as it would be used on the command line.) Answer:

There are two types of variable, Shell and environmental variables.
Shell Variables are available on particular shell, whether environmental variables
available on all shells.
HISTSIZE is a environmental Variables containing the value to store number of
commands on history.
You can assign different value to variable. HISTSIZE=0
Some Variable:
HISTFILE: Specifies the files in which history command are stored on logout.
HISTFILESIZE: Specifies the number of commands of history to be saved when the shell
exits.
HISTSIZE: specifies the number of history commands to keep while operating
interactively.

Explanation

There are two types of variable, Shell and environmental variables.
Shell Variables are available on particular shell, whether environmental variables
available on all shells.
HISTSIZE is a environmental Variables containing the value to store number of
commands on history.
You can assign different value to variable. HISTSIZE=0
Some Variable:
HISTFILE: Specifies the files in which history command are stored on logout.
HISTFILESIZE: Specifies the number of commands of history to be saved when the shell
exits.
HISTSIZE: specifies the number of history commands to keep while operating
interactively.

Submit

23. What Linux utility allows you to easily configure your Sound Blaster card on Linux?

Sndconfig

SoundConf

Usrconf

Sysconf

Sndconfig is a utility that lets you configure your soundcard easily. It was written originally for RedHat Linux, but now it is available for Debian GNU/Linux, too.

Explanation

Sndconfig is a utility that lets you configure your soundcard easily. It was written originally for RedHat Linux, but now it is available for Debian GNU/Linux, too.

24. Which of the following modems are not supported by Linux (choose all that apply):

Winmodem

28.8K modem

33.6K modem

56K modem

As described in Debian's support document, make sure your modem is

not a "winmodem" (a stripped-down modem that's controlled through a Windows

software driver). Second, if at all possible get yourself an external modem. An

external non-winmodem modem presents a lot less headaches trying to set up.

Internal modems basically have three problems. They either; are winmodems, are

likely going to be PCI bus modems (which present driver issues), or they have to be

set up via software - software which is usually only available for Windows.

Explanation

As described in Debian's support document, make sure your modem is

not a "winmodem" (a stripped-down modem that's controlled through a Windows

software driver). Second, if at all possible get yourself an external modem. An

external non-winmodem modem presents a lot less headaches trying to set up.

Internal modems basically have three problems. They either; are winmodems, are

likely going to be PCI bus modems (which present driver issues), or they have to be

set up via software - software which is usually only available for Windows.

25. DNS provides ________ to IP address mappings.

NETBIOS name

Host name

MAC address

DNS is used to map the Hostname to IP address called forward
lookup, IP to hostname called reverse lookup and allows to logically grouped thenetwork.

Explanation

DNS is used to map the Hostname to IP address called forward
lookup, IP to hostname called reverse lookup and allows to logically grouped thenetwork.

26. The first com port on your PC is represented by:

/dev/ttyS0

/dev/ttyS1

/dev/ttySa

/dev/ttySA

Serial devices are usually called something like/dev/ttyS1 under Linux. The utility stty
will allow you to interactively view or set the settings for a serial port; setserial will allow
you to control a few extended attributes and configure IRQs and I/O addresses for
non-standard ports..

Explanation

Serial devices are usually called something like/dev/ttyS1 under Linux. The utility stty
will allow you to interactively view or set the settings for a serial port; setserial will allow
you to control a few extended attributes and configure IRQs and I/O addresses for
non-standard ports..

27. How many devices can be installed on a 16 bit SCSI excluding the controller?

8

10

12

16

15

The controller is counted as one device.

Explanation

The controller is counted as one device.

28. Sndconfig was written originally for which Linux distribution?

RedHat

SuSE

Debian

Corel

Sndconfig is a utility that lets you configure your soundcard easily. It was written originally for RedHat Linux, but now it is available for Debian GNU/Linux, too.

Explanation

Sndconfig is a utility that lets you configure your soundcard easily. It was written originally for RedHat Linux, but now it is available for Debian GNU/Linux, too.

29. Which of the following modems cannot be used on linux systems

ISDN TA

Cable modems

Analogue modems

PCI modems

Win modems

Winmodems do not automatically work with Linux, but there is
various groups on the internet that works towards making winmodems work with Linux. Linmodems.org is one worth mentioning.

Explanation

Winmodems do not automatically work with Linux, but there is
various groups on the internet that works towards making winmodems work with Linux. Linmodems.org is one worth mentioning.

30. Which of the following most likely represents a SCSI connector?

A

B

C

D

E

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

31. How many devices excluding the controller can be on an 8 bit SCSI card?

6

8

9

16

7

The controller is counted as one device.

Explanation

The controller is counted as one device.

32. You are running Linux 2.0.36 and you need to add a USB mouse to your system. Which of the following statements is true?

You need to rebuild the kernel.

You need to upgrade the kernel.

You need to load the USB modules for your existing modular kernel.

USB support is no available in Linux.

You'll need a 2.4.0 or in some cases a 2.2.18 kernel for USB to work

Explanation

You'll need a 2.4.0 or in some cases a 2.2.18 kernel for USB to work

33. The lspci command can display information about devices except the following:

Card bus speed (e.g. 66Mhz)

Card IRQ settings

Card vendor identification

Card AGP rate (e.g. 1x, 2x, 4x)

Card Ethernet MAC address

lspci is a utility for displaying information about all PCI buses in the system and all

devices connected to them. To display the MAC address of Ethernet, we use the ifconfig

command.

Explanation

lspci is a utility for displaying information about all PCI buses in the system and all

devices connected to them. To display the MAC address of Ethernet, we use the ifconfig

command.

34. COM2 normally uses what I/O port and IRQ combination?

03F8 4

02F8 3

03E8 4

02E8 3

COM 1 uses an IRQ of 4 and a memory address of 03F8. COM 2 is
assigned to IRQ 3 and a memory address of 02F8.

Explanation

COM 1 uses an IRQ of 4 and a memory address of 03F8. COM 2 is
assigned to IRQ 3 and a memory address of 02F8.

35. How many SCSI ids for peripherals can SCSI-1 support? Explanation:

5

6

7

8

SCSI-1 support total 7 peripherals. There are several different types of SCSI

devices. The original SCSI specification is commonly referred to as SCSI-1. The

newer specification, SCSI-2, offers increased speed and performance, as well as new

commands. Fast SCSI increases throughput to more than 10MB per second.

Fast-Wide SCSI provides a wider data path and throughput of up to 40MB per

second and up to 15 devices. There there are Ultra-SCSI and Ultra-Wide-SCSI

Explanation

SCSI-1 support total 7 peripherals. There are several different types of SCSI

devices. The original SCSI specification is commonly referred to as SCSI-1. The

newer specification, SCSI-2, offers increased speed and performance, as well as new

commands. Fast SCSI increases throughput to more than 10MB per second.

Fast-Wide SCSI provides a wider data path and throughput of up to 40MB per

second and up to 15 devices. There there are Ultra-SCSI and Ultra-Wide-SCSI

36. What is the typical name for the first serial port, (com1)?

/dev/com0

/dev/com1

/dev/ttySO

/dev/ttyS1

None of the above

Serial devices are usually called something like /dev/ttyS1 under Linux. The utility stty will allow you to interactively view or set the settings for a
serial port; setserial will allow you to control a few extended attributes and
configure IRQs and I/O addresses for non-standard ports.
Device name for first Serial Port is /dev/ttyS0.

Explanation

Serial devices are usually called something like /dev/ttyS1 under Linux. The utility stty will allow you to interactively view or set the settings for a
serial port; setserial will allow you to control a few extended attributes and
configure IRQs and I/O addresses for non-standard ports.
Device name for first Serial Port is /dev/ttyS0.

37. What is used by Sndconfig to detect common soundcards (choose all that apply):

Isapnp

Pcipnp

Usbpnp

None of the choices

Sndconfig uses isapnp to detect common soundcards and writes a isapnp configuration to and module control lines for use with your sound card. It requires a kernel with OSS sound modules to be present.

Explanation

Sndconfig uses isapnp to detect common soundcards and writes a isapnp configuration to and module control lines for use with your sound card. It requires a kernel with OSS sound modules to be present.

38. Which of the following Linux packages can be used for web caching?

Qmail

Squid

Apache

Samba

proxy caching server. squid is a high-performance proxy caching server for web clients, sup-porting FTP, gopher, and HTTP data objects. Unlike traditional caching software, squid handles all requests in a single, non-blocking,
I/O-driven process. squid keeps meta data and especially hot objects cached in RAM, caches DNS lookups,
supports non-blocking DNS lookups, and implements negative caching of failed requests.

squid supports SSL, extensive access controls, and full request logging. By using the lightweight Internet Cache Protocol, squid caches can be arranged in a hierarchy or mesh for additional bandwidth savings. Squid program belongs to squid package. To install squid package. In redhat: rpm -ivh squid-version to install the squid.

Explanation

proxy caching server. squid is a high-performance proxy caching server for web clients, sup-porting FTP, gopher, and HTTP data objects. Unlike traditional caching software, squid handles all requests in a single, non-blocking,
I/O-driven process. squid keeps meta data and especially hot objects cached in RAM, caches DNS lookups,
supports non-blocking DNS lookups, and implements negative caching of failed requests.

squid supports SSL, extensive access controls, and full request logging. By using the lightweight Internet Cache Protocol, squid caches can be arranged in a hierarchy or mesh for additional bandwidth savings. Squid program belongs to squid package. To install squid package. In redhat: rpm -ivh squid-version to install the squid.

39. The modem speed setting of _________ may be too high only if your computer doesn't have a 16550 UART chip.

115200

56700

38400

28800

Explanation: As described in Debian's support document, the speed setting of 115200 may be too high only if you have a 486 computer that doesn't have a 16550
UART chip. If you're using a 486 and not sure of the UART, play it safe and set the speed to 56700 instead. Exit the ee editor saving the file.

Explanation

Explanation: As described in Debian's support document, the speed setting of 115200 may be too high only if you have a 486 computer that doesn't have a 16550
UART chip. If you're using a 486 and not sure of the UART, play it safe and set the speed to 56700 instead. Exit the ee editor saving the file.

40. A typical I/O address for a sound card is:

IRQ 7

0x220

27210

COM2

0xd800

Only B and E is hexadecimal I/O addresses and of these two the 0x220 is normally used by a soundcard.

Explanation

Only B and E is hexadecimal I/O addresses and of these two the 0x220 is normally used by a soundcard.

41. You run out of space and added an eighth disk to your SCSI-1 system. When you try to start, the system no longer boots. What is most likely the cause of this problem?

SCSI-1 supports only 8 devices including the adaptor.

SCSI-1 supports only 6 disks per adaptor.

There is a SCSI-ID conflict that causes that problem.

You forgot to set the SCSI-ID #8 for the new disk.

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

42. You have a USB storage device that you cannot get working. You have enabled all appropriate USB options in the latest 2.2 kernel but still cannot get your device working. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

You have not configured your usb.usermap properly.

You are using the wrong kernel for this type of device.

The USB device is not USB 2.O compliant.

There is a USB resource conflict.

You'll need a 2.4.0 or in some cases a 2.2.18 kernel for USB to work

Explanation

You'll need a 2.4.0 or in some cases a 2.2.18 kernel for USB to work

43. For isapnp to successfully detect your sound card, your system must:

Have a kernel with the OSS sound modules ready

Have a sound card chip with the OSS sound modules ready

Have the on board sound module disabled

None of the choices.

Sndconfig uses isapnp to detect common soundcards and writes a isapnp configuration to and module control lines for use with your sound card. It requires a kernel with OSS sound modules to be present.

Explanation

Sndconfig uses isapnp to detect common soundcards and writes a isapnp configuration to and module control lines for use with your sound card. It requires a kernel with OSS sound modules to be present.

44. Your system allows only two serial ports to be active. You want to setup an internal ISA modem. Currently the serial port 1 is used by a mouse. What should you do?

Disable the second serial port in the BIOS and set the modem up to take its place.

Enable the second serial port in the BIOS and set the modem up without a port.

Disable the second serial port in the BIOS and set the modem up to run as port 3.

None of the choices.

As described in Debian's support document, newer systems will come

with either one or two serial ports which are built into the motherboard. These are

typically 9-pin male connectors on the back of the PC. You can simply connect an

external modem to one of these. If you add an internal modem to the system it has to

be set up as the next serial port (for example number 3 in a system that has two of

them built in). Or, if you system BIOS allows it, you could disable the second serial

port and set the modem up to take its place.

Explanation

As described in Debian's support document, newer systems will come

with either one or two serial ports which are built into the motherboard. These are

typically 9-pin male connectors on the back of the PC. You can simply connect an

external modem to one of these. If you add an internal modem to the system it has to

be set up as the next serial port (for example number 3 in a system that has two of

them built in). Or, if you system BIOS allows it, you could disable the second serial

port and set the modem up to take its place.

45. Which of the following is the ppp configuration file?

/etc/ppp/peers/provider

/etc/ppp/provider

/etc/peers/ppp

/ppp/peers/provider

As described in Debian's support document, /etc/ppp/peers/provider is the ppp configuration file. You edit it by typing in:
cd /etc/ppp/peers tee provider

Explanation

As described in Debian's support document, /etc/ppp/peers/provider is the ppp configuration file. You edit it by typing in:
cd /etc/ppp/peers tee provider

46. Which of the following device files would represent a USB disk?

/dev/sda

/dev/scsia

/dev/hda

/dev/sd0

/dev/scsi0

Linux Treat the USB disk as a SCSI. So, It's device name is sda, sdb....
To use USB Disk we should mount : mount /dev/sda /mnt/usb
Similarly IDE Harddisk will represent by :
Primary Master : /dev/hda
Primary Slave : /dev/hdb
Secondary Master : /dev/hdc
Secondary Slave : /dev/hdd
Floppy Disk represent by : /dev/fd0, fd1,...

Explanation

Linux Treat the USB disk as a SCSI. So, It's device name is sda, sdb....
To use USB Disk we should mount : mount /dev/sda /mnt/usb
Similarly IDE Harddisk will represent by :
Primary Master : /dev/hda
Primary Slave : /dev/hdb
Secondary Master : /dev/hdc
Secondary Slave : /dev/hdd
Floppy Disk represent by : /dev/fd0, fd1,...

47. In the BIOS, what setting should you disable so that your devices have the best chance of being recognized on boot-up?

AGP Fast Write

PnPOS

ACPI Support

Power Management/APM

ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) is an open industry
specification co-developed by Hewlett-Packard, Intel, Microsoft, Phoenix, and
Toshiba. ACPI establishes industry-standard interfaces enabling OS-directed
configuration, power management, and thermal management of mobile, desktop,
and server platforms.

Explanation

ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) is an open industry
specification co-developed by Hewlett-Packard, Intel, Microsoft, Phoenix, and
Toshiba. ACPI establishes industry-standard interfaces enabling OS-directed
configuration, power management, and thermal management of mobile, desktop,
and server platforms.

48. To set up a connection to your ISP via your modem, what should you do (choose all that apply):

Configure the dialer

Configure the PPP settings

Configure the pppd daemon

Configure the PPTP settings

Explanation: As described in Debian's support document, there are actually two

parts to setting up a connection to your ISP. You have to configure the dialer (the

chat program), and the PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) settings (the pppd daemon).

PPP is the protocol that modems use to communicate over a serial link. (PPP is a

powerful protocol that is also often used when connecting distant routers over

dedicated leased lines.)

Explanation

Explanation: As described in Debian's support document, there are actually two

parts to setting up a connection to your ISP. You have to configure the dialer (the

chat program), and the PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) settings (the pppd daemon).

PPP is the protocol that modems use to communicate over a serial link. (PPP is a

powerful protocol that is also often used when connecting distant routers over

dedicated leased lines.)

Submit

49. You have a SCSI system with five SCSI hard disks. You add another SCSI hard disk to your system and the system no longer boot, nor is the bootloader loaded. What is the most likely cause of this problem?

There are too many devices on the chain.

The boot disk needs a different SCSI ID

The new disk is conflicting with the SCSI adapter.

The new SCSI drive is conflicting with the IDE boot drive.

The new SCSI drive needs a different SCSI ID.

Probably there is a scsi id conflict caused by the new drive having the same scsi id as an existing drive already had. Change the SCSI ID on the new drive to solve the problem.

Explanation

Probably there is a scsi id conflict caused by the new drive having the same scsi id as an existing drive already had. Change the SCSI ID on the new drive to solve the problem.

50. If Linux detects an ACPI BIOS on bootup, what does it automatically deactivate?

PnP

PCI

ATA

APM

The advanced power management (APM) daemon and works in
conjunction with the APM BIOS driver in the kernel. It can execute a command
when certain events are reported by the driver. PnP (Plug and Play) has nothing to
do with ACPI and neither does PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect). ATA is
an ansi-standard for connecting harddrives to computers (changed to PATA in 2003
to distinguish from SATA)

Explanation

The advanced power management (APM) daemon and works in
conjunction with the APM BIOS driver in the kernel. It can execute a command
when certain events are reported by the driver. PnP (Plug and Play) has nothing to
do with ACPI and neither does PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect). ATA is
an ansi-standard for connecting harddrives to computers (changed to PATA in 2003
to distinguish from SATA)

51. Which of the following opens the specified SCSI device file and retrieves its actual SCSI address parameters?

Scsi_ info

Scsi_dev

Scsiinfo

Scsi_conf

Scsi_info opens the specified SCSI device file, and retrieves its actual SCSI address parameters. It also looks up the device in /proc/scsi/scsi and retrieves

the device's vendor information, if available. Its output is a pair of Bourne-style shell commands to define the SCSI_ID and MODEL variables based on this
information. The SCSI_ID variable has three comma-separated fields: the SCSI
channel number, the device ID, and the logical unit number. In most cases, the channel and logical unit will be 0.

Explanation

Scsi_info opens the specified SCSI device file, and retrieves its actual SCSI address parameters. It also looks up the device in /proc/scsi/scsi and retrieves

the device's vendor information, if available. Its output is a pair of Bourne-style shell commands to define the SCSI_ID and MODEL variables based on this
information. The SCSI_ID variable has three comma-separated fields: the SCSI
channel number, the device ID, and the logical unit number. In most cases, the channel and logical unit will be 0.

52. Which IRQ is normally dedicated to the second printer port on a PC?

LPT1

LPT2

IRQ5

IRQ11

DMA 330

IRQ 0 - System timer. Reserved for the system. Cannot be changed by a user.

IRQ 1 - Keyboard. Reserved for the system. Cannot be altered even if no keyboard is

present or needed.

IRQ 2 - Cascaded to 9

IRQ 3 - COM 2(Default) COM 4(User)

IRQ 4 - COM 1(Default) COM 3(User)

IRQ 5 - Sound card (Sound Blaster Pro or later) or LPT2(User)

IRQ 6 - Floppy disk controller

IRQ 7 - LPT1(Parallel port) or sound card (8-bit Sound Blaster and compatibles)

IRQ 8 - Real time clock

IRQ 9 - Cascaded to 2

IRQ 10 - Free / Open interrupt / Available / SCSI

IRQ 11 - Free / Open interrupt / Available / SCSI

IRQ 12 - PS/2 connector Mouse / If no PS/2 connector mouse is used, this can be used

for other peripherals

IRQ 13 - ISA / Math Co-Processor

IRQ 14 - Primary IDE. If no Primary IDE this can be changed

IRQ 15 - Secondary IDE

Explanation

IRQ 0 - System timer. Reserved for the system. Cannot be changed by a user.

IRQ 1 - Keyboard. Reserved for the system. Cannot be altered even if no keyboard is

present or needed.

IRQ 2 - Cascaded to 9

IRQ 3 - COM 2(Default) COM 4(User)

IRQ 4 - COM 1(Default) COM 3(User)

IRQ 5 - Sound card (Sound Blaster Pro or later) or LPT2(User)

IRQ 6 - Floppy disk controller

IRQ 7 - LPT1(Parallel port) or sound card (8-bit Sound Blaster and compatibles)

IRQ 8 - Real time clock

IRQ 9 - Cascaded to 2

IRQ 10 - Free / Open interrupt / Available / SCSI

IRQ 11 - Free / Open interrupt / Available / SCSI

IRQ 12 - PS/2 connector Mouse / If no PS/2 connector mouse is used, this can be used

for other peripherals

IRQ 13 - ISA / Math Co-Processor

IRQ 14 - Primary IDE. If no Primary IDE this can be changed

IRQ 15 - Secondary IDE

53. What program is needed to establish a PPP link to another computer?

Pppd

Wvdial

Papd

Kppp

wvdial - PPP dialer with built-in intelligence. wvdial is an intelligent

PPP dialer, which means that it dials a modem and starts PPP in order to connect to

the Internet. It is something like the chat(8) program, except that it uses heuristics

to guess how to dial and log into your server rather than forcing you to write a login

script.

Explanation

wvdial - PPP dialer with built-in intelligence. wvdial is an intelligent

PPP dialer, which means that it dials a modem and starts PPP in order to connect to

the Internet. It is something like the chat(8) program, except that it uses heuristics

to guess how to dial and log into your server rather than forcing you to write a login

script.

54. You need to install a fax server. Which type of fax/modem should you install to ensure Linux compatibility?

External Serial Fax/modem

External USB Fax/modem

Internal ISA Fax/modem

Internal PCI Fax/modem

An internal PCI Plug and Play Fax/modem will be the easiest to install

and configure.

Explanation

An internal PCI Plug and Play Fax/modem will be the easiest to install

and configure.

55. Scsi_info looks up the device in which file?

/proc/scsi/scsi

/proc/scsi/scsi_info

/proc/scsi_info/scsi

/scsi/scsi

Scsi_info opens the specified SCSI device file, and retrieves its actual

SCSI address parameters. It also looks up the device in /proc/scsi/scsi and retrieves

the device's vendor information, if available. Its output is a pair of Bourne-style

shell commands to define the SCSI_ID and MODEL variables based on this information. The SCSI_ID variable has three comma-separated fields: the SCSI

channel number, the device ID, and the logical unit number. In most cases, the channel and logical unit will be 0.

Explanation

Scsi_info opens the specified SCSI device file, and retrieves its actual

SCSI address parameters. It also looks up the device in /proc/scsi/scsi and retrieves

the device's vendor information, if available. Its output is a pair of Bourne-style

shell commands to define the SCSI_ID and MODEL variables based on this information. The SCSI_ID variable has three comma-separated fields: the SCSI

channel number, the device ID, and the logical unit number. In most cases, the channel and logical unit will be 0.

56. You just added another supported PCI Network Interface Card (NIC) to your PC, but are not able to activate it in Linux. Using tools available in Linux operating systems, you notice that the NIC is not seen by the kernel. What is most likely to be the source of the problem?

The NIC is not seen within /proc/pci.

Resource conflicts are not allowing NIC be initialized.

You have not made the appropriate entries to /proc/interrupts and /proc/ioports

You did not turn off "PnP OS" in the PC BIOS.

The NIC is conflicting with the video adapter.

Devices such as NICs and sound cards often have IRQ conflicts. You

need to ensure that the proper IRQ, memory address, and I/O port are allocated.

Explanation

Devices such as NICs and sound cards often have IRQ conflicts. You

need to ensure that the proper IRQ, memory address, and I/O port are allocated.

57. The following are all true about the setserial command except:

Setserial can display the IRQ of a serial port

Setserial can configure the IRQ of a hardware device

Setserial can configure the IRQ of a software driver

Setserial can display the UART type of the serial device

Setserial can "autoconfig" serial ports

setserial - get/set Linux serial port information. setserial is a program designed to set

and/or report the configuration information associated with a serial port. This information

includes what I/O port and IRQ a particular serial port is using, and whether or not the

break key should be interpreted as the Secure Attention Key, and so on.

During the normal bootup process, only COM ports 1-4 are initialized, using the default

I/O ports and IRQ values, as listed below. In order to initialize any additional serial ports,

or to change the COM 1-4 ports to a nonstadard configuration, the setserial program

should be used. Typically it is called from an rc.serial script, which is usually run out of

/etc/rc.local.

Explanation

setserial - get/set Linux serial port information. setserial is a program designed to set

and/or report the configuration information associated with a serial port. This information

includes what I/O port and IRQ a particular serial port is using, and whether or not the

break key should be interpreted as the Secure Attention Key, and so on.

During the normal bootup process, only COM ports 1-4 are initialized, using the default

I/O ports and IRQ values, as listed below. In order to initialize any additional serial ports,

or to change the COM 1-4 ports to a nonstadard configuration, the setserial program

should be used. Typically it is called from an rc.serial script, which is usually run out of

/etc/rc.local.