Med Term Final Exam, Chabner Part 2

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  • 1/144 Questions

    Drug that prevents blood clotting.

    • Anticonvulsant
    • Antidepressant
    • Antidiabetic
    • Anticoagulant
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About This Quiz

Words of Interest for Final Exam Chptrs. 12-21, 144 questions

Medical Terminology Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    Medical specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of endocrine gland disorders.

    • Biologist

    • Endocrinologist

    • Dermatologist

    • Proctologist

    Correct Answer
    A. Endocrinologist
    Explanation
    An endocrinologist is a medical specialist who focuses on diagnosing and treating disorders related to the endocrine glands. The endocrine system is responsible for producing hormones that regulate various bodily functions. This includes glands like the thyroid, pituitary, adrenal, and pancreas. Endocrinologists are trained to identify and manage conditions such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, hormonal imbalances, and reproductive issues. They use various diagnostic tests and treatments to help their patients maintain hormonal balance and overall health.

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  • 3. 

    Study of blood

    • Hepatology

    • Hematology

    • Erythrotology

    • Blood trandfusion

    Correct Answer
    A. Hematology
    Explanation
    Hematology is the study of blood, including its formation, diseases, and disorders. It focuses on the components of blood, such as red and white blood cells, platelets, and plasma, as well as their functions and interactions within the body. Hematology also involves the diagnosis and treatment of blood-related conditions, such as anemia, leukemia, and clotting disorders. Therefore, hematology is the correct answer as it specifically relates to the study of blood.

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  • 4. 

    Foreign agent that stimulates the production of an antibody.

    • Antibody

    • Antigen

    • Palliative

    • Heparin

    Correct Answer
    A. Antigen
    Explanation
    An antigen is a foreign agent that stimulates the production of an antibody. This means that when an antigen enters the body, it triggers the immune system to produce antibodies in order to defend against the foreign invader. Antibodies are proteins that specifically target and neutralize antigens, helping to protect the body from infections and diseases. Therefore, the correct answer is antigen.

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  • 5. 

    Red blood cells

    • Erythrocyte

    • Melanocyte

    • Leukocyte

    • Erithrocyte

    Correct Answer
    A. Erythrocyte
    Explanation
    The correct answer is erythrocyte. Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, are responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. They contain a protein called hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen and allows for its transportation. Erythrocytes lack a nucleus and other organelles, allowing for more space to carry hemoglobin. This specialization enables them to efficiently perform their main function of oxygen transport. Melanocytes are responsible for producing melanin, which gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes. Leukocytes are white blood cells involved in the immune response. Erithrocyte is a misspelling of erythrocyte.

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  • 6. 

     White blood cell.

    • Leukocyte

    • Melanocyte

    • Erythrocyte

    • Monocyte

    Correct Answer
    A. Leukocyte
    Explanation
    A leukocyte is a type of white blood cell. White blood cells are an essential part of the immune system and are responsible for defending the body against infections and foreign substances. Leukocytes are produced in the bone marrow and can be further classified into different types, including monocytes. However, in this case, the correct answer specifically refers to leukocytes as a whole, which encompasses various types of white blood cells.

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  • 7. 

     Hereditary condition marked by abnormal sickle shape of erythrocytes and by hemolysis.

    • Thalassemia

    • Sickle cell anemia

    • Pernicious anemia

    • Anemia

    Correct Answer
    A. Sickle cell anemia
    Explanation
    Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary condition characterized by the abnormal sickle shape of red blood cells and the breakdown of these cells. This condition leads to a reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, causing symptoms such as fatigue, pain, and organ damage. Thalassemia is another hereditary blood disorder, but it is characterized by abnormal production of hemoglobin rather than the shape of red blood cells. Pernicious anemia is a condition caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12, and anemia is a general term for a decrease in the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin levels.

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  • 8. 

    High levels of sugar in the blood.

    • Hypoglycemia

    • Hypercalcemia

    • Hyperglycemia

    • Hypocalcemia

    Correct Answer
    A. Hyperglycemia
    Explanation
    Hyperglycemia refers to high levels of sugar in the blood. It is a condition commonly associated with diabetes, where the body is unable to effectively regulate blood sugar levels. When blood sugar levels are consistently high, it can lead to various complications such as damage to blood vessels, nerves, and organs. Symptoms of hyperglycemia include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, and blurred vision. Proper management of blood sugar levels through medication, diet, and exercise is crucial in controlling hyperglycemia and preventing long-term complications.

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  • 9. 

    Determination of the number of red and white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red cell indices (MCH, MCV, MCHC) in a sample of blood.

    • Complete blood count

    • Hematology

    • Coagulation

    • Blood transfusion

    Correct Answer
    A. Complete blood count
    Explanation
    A complete blood count is a test that measures the different components of blood, including the number of red and white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red cell indices (MCH, MCV, MCHC). This test is commonly used in hematology to evaluate the overall health of a person's blood and to diagnose various blood disorders or conditions. It provides important information about the body's immune system, oxygen-carrying capacity, and ability to form blood clots. The other options, hematology, coagulation, and blood transfusion, are related to specific aspects of blood analysis or treatment, but do not encompass the comprehensive evaluation provided by a complete blood count.

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  • 10. 

     Medical doctor specializing in diagnosis and treatment of joint disorders.

    • Rheumatologist

    • Endocrinologist

    • Proctologist

    • Dermatologist

    Correct Answer
    A. Rheumatologist
    Explanation
    A rheumatologist is a medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of joint disorders. They are trained to identify and treat conditions such as arthritis, lupus, and fibromyalgia. Rheumatologists have extensive knowledge of the musculoskeletal system and are skilled in managing the complex nature of these disorders. They use a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests to accurately diagnose and develop a treatment plan for their patients. Therefore, a rheumatologist is the correct answer for a medical doctor specializing in joint disorders.

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  • 11. 

    New opening of the trachea to outside of the body.

    • Colostomy

    • Tracheoscopy

    • Tracheostomy

    • Laryngostomy

    Correct Answer
    A. Tracheostomy
    Explanation
    Tracheostomy is the correct answer because it refers to the surgical procedure of creating a new opening in the trachea, specifically to the outside of the body. This procedure is usually done to provide an alternative airway for patients who have difficulty breathing or need long-term ventilator support. Colostomy is the creation of an opening in the colon, tracheoscopy is the visual examination of the trachea, and laryngostomy is the creation of an opening in the larynx.

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  • 12. 

     Orange-yellow pigment found in bile. It is released from the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells die.

    • Bilirubin

    • Erythrocyte

    • Hematocrit

    • Leukemia

    Correct Answer
    A. Bilirubin
    Explanation
    Bilirubin is the correct answer because it is an orange-yellow pigment found in bile. It is produced when red blood cells break down, specifically when hemoglobin is broken down. Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. When red blood cells die, bilirubin is released and eventually processed by the liver and excreted in bile.

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  • 13. 

     Liquid portion of blood containing proteins, water, salts, nutrients, hormones and vitamins.

    • Neutrophil

    • Plasma

    • Eosinophil

    • Basophil

    Correct Answer
    A. Plasma
    Explanation
    Plasma is the correct answer because it is the liquid portion of blood that contains various components such as proteins, water, salts, nutrients, hormones, and vitamins. It plays a crucial role in transporting these substances throughout the body and maintaining the balance of electrolytes. Plasma also helps in clotting, immune response, and regulating body temperature.

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  • 14. 

    Examination of the interior of a joint by insertion of an arthroscope through an incision.

    • Arthrotomy

    • Ankylosis

    • Arthroscopy

    • Articulation

    Correct Answer
    A. Arthroscopy
    Explanation
    Arthroscopy is the correct answer because it involves examining the interior of a joint by inserting an arthroscope through an incision. This procedure allows for a minimally invasive way to visualize and diagnose joint conditions, such as cartilage damage or inflammation. It is commonly used in orthopedic surgeries to guide surgical interventions or to simply observe the joint for diagnostic purposes. Arthroscopy offers several advantages over traditional open surgery, including smaller incisions, less pain, faster recovery, and reduced risk of complications.

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  • 15. 

     Abnormal condition of increased loss of bony tissue. Bones become thin, weak, brittle, and break easily.

    • Osteoporosis

    • Osteoarthritis

    • Osteomyelitis

    • Rheumatitis

    Correct Answer
    A. Osteoporosis
    Explanation
    Osteoporosis is an abnormal condition characterized by increased loss of bony tissue. This condition causes bones to become thin, weak, brittle, and prone to fractures. Osteoporosis is different from osteoarthritis, osteomyelitis, and rheumatitis, which are conditions that affect the joints or the inflammation of bone or joint tissues. Osteoporosis specifically refers to the loss of bone density and strength, making it the correct answer in this case.

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  • 16. 

    Decreased secretion of thyroid hormones from the                                                                 thyroid gland.

    • Hypothyrodism

    • Hyperthyrodism

    • Hypothyroidism

    • Hyperthyroidism

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypothyroidism
    Explanation
    The given correct answer is "hypothyroidism". Hypothyroidism refers to a condition where there is a decreased secretion of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland. This condition leads to a slower metabolism and a range of symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance.

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  • 17. 

    Treatment with drugs.

    • Chemotherapy

    • Cemotherapy

    • Chemotherappy

    • Cemotherrapy

    Correct Answer
    A. Chemotherapy
    Explanation
    Chemotherapy is the correct spelling of the medical treatment that involves the use of drugs to destroy or slow down the growth of cancer cells. The other options provided are misspelled variations of the word.

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  • 18. 

    Spread of a cancerous tumor to another site (change of place) or secondary location (meta- = change, -stasis = place or control).

    • Homeostasis

    • Metastasis

    • Metaplasia

    • Mitosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Metastasis
    Explanation
    Metastasis refers to the spread of a cancerous tumor from its primary location to another site in the body. The prefix "meta-" means change, and "-stasis" refers to place or control. Therefore, metastasis can be understood as a change of place or location of the tumor, indicating the movement and spread of cancer cells to secondary sites.

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  • 19. 

     Study of tumors (malignant tumors).

    • Oncology

    • Endocrinology

    • Sarcology

    • Biology

    Correct Answer
    A. Oncology
    Explanation
    Oncology is the correct answer because it is the branch of medicine that deals with the study and treatment of tumors, particularly malignant tumors. Malignant tumors are cancerous growths that can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body. Oncologists are medical professionals who specialize in diagnosing and treating cancer patients. Therefore, oncology is the most appropriate term to describe the study of malignant tumors.

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  • 20. 

    Blood cells or whole blood from a closely match donor are infused into a patient.

    • Erythrocyte

    • Plasma

    • Leukemia

    • Blood transfusion

    Correct Answer
    A. Blood transfusion
    Explanation
    In a blood transfusion, blood cells or whole blood from a closely matched donor are infused into a patient. This procedure is commonly performed to replace blood loss, treat certain medical conditions, or improve oxygen delivery to tissues. It can help replenish red blood cells (erythrocytes) and plasma in the recipient's bloodstream. The term "leukemia" refers to a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow, while "plasma" is the liquid component of blood. Therefore, the correct answer is "blood transfusion."

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  • 21. 

    Wasting away (lack of development) of a normally developed organ or tissue (especially muscle).

    • Atophy

    • Atrophy

    • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

    • Arthrodesis

    Correct Answer
    A. Atrophy
    Explanation
    Atrophy refers to the wasting away or lack of development of a normally developed organ or tissue, particularly muscle. This condition can occur due to various factors such as disuse, lack of nutrition, aging, or certain medical conditions. Atrophy can result in a decrease in muscle mass, strength, and function. It is important to identify and address the underlying cause of atrophy to prevent further deterioration and promote tissue regeneration.

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  • 22. 

    Bending of light rays by the cornea, lens, and fluids of the eye to bring light rays into focus on the retina.

    • Refraction

    • Palebral

    • Retina

    • Sclera

    Correct Answer
    A. Refraction
    Explanation
    Refraction refers to the bending of light rays as they pass through different mediums, such as the cornea, lens, and fluids of the eye. This bending of light is necessary to bring the light rays into focus on the retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. Therefore, refraction plays a crucial role in allowing us to see clearly by ensuring that the light rays converge onto the retina, where they can be detected and processed by the optic nerve.

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  • 23. 

    Cancerous tumor.

    • Cancer

    • Blastoma

    • Lymphoma

    • Carcinoma

    Correct Answer
    A. Carcinoma
    Explanation
    Carcinoma is the correct answer because it refers to a type of cancer that starts in the epithelial cells, which are the cells that line the organs and tissues of the body. Carcinomas are the most common type of cancer and can occur in various parts of the body, including the breast, lung, colon, and skin. This term encompasses a wide range of cancerous tumors, making it the most appropriate choice among the given options.

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  • 24. 

     Chronic dermatitis of unknown etiology, marked by redness, blisters, scales, and scabs.

    • Eczema

    • Edema

    • Macule

    • Pustule

    Correct Answer
    A. Eczema
    Explanation
    Eczema is a chronic dermatitis characterized by inflammation of the skin, resulting in symptoms such as redness, blisters, scales, and scabs. The term "chronic" indicates that the condition persists over a long period of time. The exact cause of eczema is unknown, hence the reference to "unknown etiology" in the question. Eczema is a common skin condition that can occur in people of all ages and is often associated with allergies and a compromised immune system. Edema refers to swelling, macule refers to a flat, discolored spot on the skin, and pustule refers to a small, pus-filled blister, none of which fully match the symptoms described.

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  • 25. 

    Measures the glucose levels in a blood sample taken at various intervals from a patient who has previously ingested glucose.

    • Hypoglycemia

    • Radioactive iodine uptake

    • Glucose tolerance test

    • Hyperglycemia

    Correct Answer
    A. Glucose tolerance test
    Explanation
    The glucose tolerance test is a medical procedure that measures the glucose levels in a blood sample taken at various intervals from a patient who has previously ingested glucose. This test is commonly used to diagnose diabetes or prediabetes, as it helps determine how well the body can process glucose and maintain normal blood sugar levels. It involves drinking a sugary solution and then having blood samples taken at specific intervals to see how the body responds to the glucose. This test can help identify hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) or hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and is an effective way to assess an individual's glucose metabolism.

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  • 26. 

    Within the substance of a muscle.

    • Intravenous

    • Intramuscular

    • Injection

    • Shot

    Correct Answer
    A. Intramuscular
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "intramuscular" because it refers to the administration of a substance directly into the muscle tissue. This method of injection allows for the substance to be absorbed quickly and efficiently into the bloodstream. Intravenous refers to the administration into a vein, injection is a general term for any method of introducing a substance into the body, and shot is a colloquial term for an injection.

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  • 27. 

    Continuous high-pitched whistling sound heard when air is forced through a narrow space during inspiration or expiration.

    • Wheeze

    • Percussion

    • Expiration

    • Asthma

    Correct Answer
    A. Wheeze
    Explanation
    A wheeze is a continuous high-pitched whistling sound that is heard when air is forced through a narrow space during breathing. This sound can occur during both inspiration and expiration. Wheezing is commonly associated with conditions such as asthma, where the airways become narrowed and inflamed, causing difficulty in breathing. It is a characteristic symptom of asthma, but can also be present in other respiratory conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or bronchitis.

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  • 28. 

     Process of blood clotting.

    • Coagulation time test

    • Coagulation

    • Coagulopathy

    • Differentiation

    Correct Answer
    A. Coagulation
    Explanation
    Coagulation refers to the process of blood clotting. It is a complex series of events that involves the activation of various proteins and platelets to form a clot, which helps in stopping bleeding. The coagulation time test is a diagnostic test that measures the time taken for blood to clot. Coagulopathy, on the other hand, refers to a disorder or condition where the blood's ability to clot is impaired. Differentiation, in this context, is unrelated to blood clotting and refers to the process of distinguishing or identifying different types or forms of something.

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  • 29. 

    Chronic, recurrent dermatosis characterized by scaly, dull red or pink patches covered by silvery gray scales.

    • Impetigo

    • Psoriasis

    • Urticaria

    • Vesicle

    Correct Answer
    A. Psoriasis
    Explanation
    Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent dermatosis that is characterized by scaly, dull red or pink patches on the skin. These patches are covered by silvery gray scales. Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection characterized by blisters and sores. Urticaria, also known as hives, is a skin condition characterized by itchy, raised welts. Vesicle refers to a small blister on the skin. Therefore, the correct answer is psoriasis, as it matches the description provided.

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  • 30. 

    Blocking or turning off the normal immune response.

    • Immunotherapy

    • Interleukins

    • Immunosuppression

    • Homeostasis

    Correct Answer
    A. Immunosuppression
    Explanation
    Immunosuppression refers to the blocking or turning off of the normal immune response. It is a process used in immunotherapy to prevent the immune system from attacking healthy cells or tissues. This can be beneficial in certain situations such as organ transplantation or autoimmune diseases where the immune system is overactive. Immunosuppressive drugs or therapies are used to achieve this state of immunosuppression, allowing for better control of immune reactions and maintaining homeostasis within the body.

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  • 31. 

    Partial or complete disappearance of symptoms of disease.  

    • Remission

    • Relapse

    • Palliative

    • Serous

    Correct Answer
    A. Remission
    Explanation
    Remission refers to the partial or complete disappearance of symptoms of a disease. It is a period of time when the disease is less active or not causing any symptoms. This term is commonly used in chronic diseases such as cancer, where the symptoms may come and go or decrease in intensity. Remission does not indicate a cure, but rather a temporary improvement in the disease. It is important for patients to continue their treatment even during remission to prevent relapse or the return of symptoms.

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  • 32. 

     Loss or removal of calcium from bones or teeth.

    • Calciectomy

    • Orthectomy

    • Decalcification

    • Ischial

    Correct Answer
    A. Decalcification
    Explanation
    Decalcification refers to the loss or removal of calcium from bones or teeth. This process can weaken the structure of bones and teeth, making them more susceptible to fractures or decay. It can be caused by various factors such as aging, hormonal changes, poor nutrition, or certain medical conditions. Decalcification can lead to conditions like osteoporosis or dental cavities.

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  • 33. 

    A common complication of diabetes, is damage to the nerves that allow you to feel sensations such as pain.

    • Diabetic neuropathy

    • Diabetic retinopathy

    • Hyperinsulinism

    • Hypoinsulinism

    Correct Answer
    A. Diabetic neuropathy
    Explanation
    Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes that occurs when the nerves are damaged, leading to a loss of sensation such as pain. This condition is caused by high blood sugar levels over a long period of time, which can result in nerve damage throughout the body. Diabetic neuropathy can affect various parts of the body, including the feet, legs, hands, and arms. Symptoms may include numbness, tingling, or a burning sensation in the affected areas. Managing blood sugar levels and adopting a healthy lifestyle can help prevent or slow down the progression of diabetic neuropathy.

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  • 34. 

    Condition of redness of the skin.

    • Erythrocyte

    • Erythema

    • Erythrocytopenia

    • Erethema

    Correct Answer
    A. Erythema
    Explanation
    Erythema refers to the condition of redness of the skin. It is characterized by the reddening of the skin due to increased blood flow to the area. This can be caused by various factors such as inflammation, infection, or an allergic reaction. Erythema is a common symptom seen in conditions like sunburn, rosacea, or dermatitis. Erythrocyte, on the other hand, refers to red blood cells, while erythrocytopenia is a decrease in the number of red blood cells. Erathema is not a medical term and is likely a misspelling of erythema.

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  • 35. 

     Waxy substance secreted by the ear; ear wax.

    • Cerumen

    • Endolymph

    • Perilymph

    • Otic

    Correct Answer
    A. Cerumen
    Explanation
    Cerumen is the correct answer because it is a waxy substance that is secreted by the ear. It is commonly known as ear wax and helps to protect the ear canal by trapping dust, dirt, and other foreign particles. Cerumen also helps to lubricate and moisturize the ear canal, preventing it from becoming dry and itchy.

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  • 36. 

    Double vision.

    • Hyperopia

    • Diplopia

    • Myopia

    • Nyctalopia

    Correct Answer
    A. Diplopia
    Explanation
    Diplopia refers to double vision, where a person sees two images of a single object. This condition can occur due to various reasons, such as misalignment of the eyes or nerve damage. It can be temporary or chronic and may affect one or both eyes. Hyperopia, myopia, and nyctalopia are all different vision conditions that do not cause double vision.

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  • 37. 

    Drug action in which larger and larger doses must be given to achieve a desired effect.

    • Toxicity

    • Tolerance

    • Synergism

    • Vitamin

    Correct Answer
    A. Tolerance
    Explanation
    Tolerance refers to a drug action in which larger and larger doses must be given to achieve a desired effect. This means that over time, the body becomes less responsive to the drug, requiring higher doses to produce the same effect as before. Tolerance can develop due to various factors, such as the body adapting to the drug's effects or the drug's effects becoming less potent over time. This phenomenon can be observed in individuals who regularly use drugs or medications, as their bodies adjust to the substance and require higher doses for the desired effect.

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  • 38. 

    An abnormally high concentration of potassium in the blood.

    • Leukemia

    • Mononucleosis

    • Hyperkalemia

    • Hematopoiesis

    Correct Answer
    A. Hyperkalemia
    Explanation
    Hyperkalemia refers to an abnormally high concentration of potassium in the blood. This condition can occur due to various reasons, such as kidney problems, certain medications, or excessive intake of potassium-rich foods. The elevated levels of potassium can disrupt the normal functioning of the heart and other organs, leading to symptoms like muscle weakness, irregular heartbeat, and even cardiac arrest. Prompt treatment is necessary to lower potassium levels and prevent complications. Leukemia, mononucleosis, and hematopoiesis are unrelated conditions and do not involve abnormal potassium levels.

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  • 39. 

     Pertaining to a toxin, which is a poison or harmful substance.

    • Toxin

    • Toxic

    • Antibody

    • Antigen

    Correct Answer
    A. Toxic
    Explanation
    The term "toxic" refers to something that is poisonous or harmful. In the context of the question, it is mentioned that the term pertains to a toxin, which is a poison or harmful substance. Therefore, "toxic" is the correct answer as it directly relates to the definition given in the question.

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  • 40. 

    Small elevation of the skin containing pus.

    • Pustule

    • Macule

    • Nodule

    • Vesicle

    Correct Answer
    A. Pustule
    Explanation
    A pustule is a small elevation of the skin that contains pus. Pus is a thick, yellowish fluid that is made up of dead white blood cells, bacteria, and tissue debris. Pustules are typically caused by infections, such as acne or bacterial skin infections. They can appear as small, raised bumps on the skin that are filled with a yellowish or whitish fluid. Pustules are often painful and can be a sign of an underlying infection or inflammatory condition.

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  • 41. 

    Abnormal sensation of moving in space or having objects move about you in space.

    • Tinnitus

    • Vertigo

    • Mastoiditis

    • Drunk

    Correct Answer
    A. Vertigo
    Explanation
    Vertigo refers to the abnormal sensation of movement in space or the perception that objects are moving around the person. It is often described as a spinning or whirling sensation and is commonly associated with dizziness. Tinnitus, on the other hand, refers to a ringing or buzzing sound in the ears. Mastoiditis is an infection of the mastoid bone behind the ear, which can cause pain and swelling. While being drunk can cause impaired balance and coordination, it does not specifically refer to the sensation of movement in space. Therefore, the correct answer is vertigo.

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  • 42. 

    Noncancerous growth.

    • Benign tumor

    • Malignant tumor

    • Sarcoma

    • Carcinoma

    Correct Answer
    A. Benign tumor
    Explanation
    A benign tumor is a noncancerous growth that does not spread to other parts of the body. Unlike malignant tumors, benign tumors do not invade nearby tissues or metastasize to distant organs. They are typically slow-growing and do not pose a significant threat to overall health. While they may still require medical attention depending on their size and location, benign tumors are generally considered less dangerous than malignant tumors.

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  • 43. 

    Surrounded by a capsule; benign tumors are encapsulated.

    • Differentiation

    • Encapsulated

    • Accommodation

    • Remission

    Correct Answer
    A. Encapsulated
    Explanation
    Benign tumors are characterized by being surrounded by a capsule, which means they are encapsulated. This encapsulation helps to contain the tumor and prevent it from spreading to surrounding tissues. The other options, differentiation, accommodation, and remission, do not accurately describe the characteristic of being surrounded by a capsule.

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  • 44. 

    Drug that relieves symptoms of depression.

    • Antidepressant

    • Antedepressant

    • Antidepressent

    • Antidepresant

    Correct Answer
    A. Antidepressant
    Explanation
    An antidepressant is a drug that is used to relieve symptoms of depression. It is specifically designed to target and regulate neurotransmitters in the brain that are associated with mood and emotions. By restoring the balance of these chemicals, antidepressants can help alleviate symptoms such as sadness, hopelessness, and lack of interest in activities. They are commonly prescribed by healthcare professionals to individuals diagnosed with depression as part of a comprehensive treatment plan.

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  • 45. 

     Abnormal hypersensitivity acquired by exposure to an antigen (allergen).

    • Allergen

    • Antibody

    • Allergy

    • Atopy

    Correct Answer
    A. Allergy
    Explanation
    Allergy is the correct answer because it refers to an abnormal hypersensitivity that is acquired by exposure to an antigen, also known as an allergen. Allergens can trigger an immune response in certain individuals, leading to symptoms such as sneezing, itching, and inflammation. This immune response involves the production of antibodies specific to the allergen, which can cause allergic reactions upon subsequent exposures. Atopy is a term used to describe a genetic predisposition to developing allergies, but it is not the best answer in this case as it does not encompass the acquired nature of the hypersensitivity.

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  • 46. 

     Inflammation of a bursa surrounding a joint.

    • Bursa

    • Arthritis

    • Bursaeitis

    • Bursitis

    Correct Answer
    A. Bursitis
    Explanation
    Bursitis refers to the inflammation of a bursa, which is a small fluid-filled sac that helps to reduce friction between bones, tendons, and muscles near joints. This inflammation can cause pain, swelling, and limited movement in the affected joint. Arthritis, on the other hand, refers to the inflammation of a joint itself, not specifically the bursa surrounding it. Bursaeitis is not a recognized medical term, making it an incorrect option. Therefore, bursitis is the correct answer for the given question.

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  • 47. 

    Group of inherited disorders marked by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers.

    • Osteodystrophy

    • Myopathy

    • Muscular dystrophy

    • Rheumatoid arthritis

    Correct Answer
    A. Muscular dystrophy
    Explanation
    Muscular dystrophy is a group of inherited disorders characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers. This condition leads to the deterioration of muscle strength and function over time. It is caused by mutations in specific genes that are involved in the production of proteins necessary for muscle structure and function. Symptoms typically appear in childhood and may include muscle weakness, difficulty walking, and loss of muscle mass. There is currently no cure for muscular dystrophy, but treatments can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

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  • 48. 

    Contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus (itching).

    • Psoriasis

    • Impetigo

    • Scabies

    • Rubeola

    Correct Answer
    A. Scabies
    Explanation
    Scabies is a contagious, parasitic infection of the skin that causes intense itching. It is caused by tiny mites that burrow into the skin and lay eggs, leading to the development of itchy red bumps and a rash. The intense itching is a characteristic symptom of scabies, which sets it apart from other skin conditions like psoriasis, impetigo, and rubeola. Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes red, scaly patches on the skin, while impetigo is a bacterial skin infection characterized by blisters and crusty sores. Rubeola, commonly known as measles, is a viral infection that causes a rash and fever.

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  • 49. 

    Deterioration of the macula of the retina and producing a loss of central vision.

    • Cataract

    • Glaucoma

    • Scleritis

    • Macular degeneration

    Correct Answer
    A. Macular degeneration
    Explanation
    Macular degeneration refers to the deterioration of the macula, which is the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. This condition leads to a loss of central vision, making it difficult to see fine details and perform tasks such as reading or driving. Cataract, glaucoma, and scleritis are all different eye conditions that do not specifically involve the deterioration of the macula and do not cause a loss of central vision.

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  • Mar 19, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
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