Microbiology Quiz For Bsc.III Students Organized By Department Of Microbiology, Sevadal Mahila Mahavidyala, NaGPur
Department of Microbiology, Sevadal Mahila Mahavidyala, Nagpur
Questions and Answers
- 1.
PCR stands for
- A.
Polymeric course reaction
- B.
Polymerase chain reaction
- C.
Polygenic chain reaction
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Polymerase chain reactionExplanation
PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction. This technique is used to amplify a specific segment of DNA through multiple cycles of heating and cooling. It involves the use of a DNA polymerase enzyme, which copies the DNA template, and a set of primers that bind to the target DNA sequence. The process of PCR allows for the rapid production of millions of copies of a specific DNA fragment, making it an essential tool in various fields such as research, forensics, and medical diagnostics.Rate this question:
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- 2.
ATS stands for
- A.
Anti tetanus serum
- B.
Anti toxoid serum
- C.
Anti treatment serum
- D.
All are correct
Correct Answer
A. Anti tetanus serumExplanation
The correct answer is Anti tetanus serum. ATS stands for Anti tetanus serum, which is a medication used to prevent and treat tetanus infection. Tetanus is a serious bacterial infection that affects the nervous system, causing muscle stiffness and spasms. ATS contains antibodies that neutralize the toxins produced by the bacteria, helping to prevent the progression of the infection and providing passive immunity against tetanus. Anti toxoid serum and Anti treatment serum are not accurate explanations for the acronym ATS in this context.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which polymerase enzyme is used for amplification in PCR?
- A.
Taq polymerase
- B.
DNA polymerase I
- C.
RNA polymerase
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Taq polymeraseExplanation
Taq polymerase is the correct answer for this question because it is the most commonly used polymerase enzyme in PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Taq polymerase is derived from the bacterium Thermus aquaticus and is highly stable at high temperatures, making it suitable for the repeated heating and cooling cycles required in PCR. It has a crucial role in DNA amplification during PCR by synthesizing new DNA strands using the template DNA. DNA polymerase I and RNA polymerase are not used in PCR amplification.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Blunt ends of a DNA strand can be converted into cohesive ends by using-
- A.
Linkers
- B.
Adapters
- C.
Homopolymer tails
- D.
All are correct
Correct Answer
D. All are correctExplanation
All three options (linkers, adapters, homopolymer tails) can be used to convert blunt ends of a DNA strand into cohesive ends. Linkers are short double-stranded DNA molecules that can be ligated to the ends of the DNA strand, creating sticky ends. Adapters are similar to linkers but are typically used in molecular cloning techniques. Homopolymer tails involve adding a single type of nucleotide (e.g., poly-A or poly-T) to the ends of the DNA strand, allowing for hybridization with complementary tails. Therefore, all three options are correct methods for converting blunt ends into cohesive ends.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following is a conventional vaccine?
- A.
BCG
- B.
TT
- C.
Salk polio vaccine
- D.
All are correct
Correct Answer
D. All are correctExplanation
All of the options listed (BCG, TT, and Salk polio vaccine) are conventional vaccines. A conventional vaccine typically contains inactivated or weakened forms of the pathogen it is designed to protect against. BCG is a vaccine for tuberculosis, TT is a vaccine for tetanus, and Salk polio vaccine is a vaccine for polio. Therefore, all of them can be considered conventional vaccines.Rate this question:
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- 6.
DNA fingerprinting recognise which region of DNA?
- A.
Any region of DNA
- B.
VNTR
- C.
Both are incorrect
- D.
Does not recognise DNA at all
Correct Answer
B. VNTRExplanation
DNA fingerprinting recognizes VNTR (Variable Number Tandem Repeats) regions of DNA. VNTRs are short, repetitive sequences of DNA that vary in length between individuals. By analyzing the length of VNTR regions in a person's DNA, scientists can create a unique DNA fingerprint that can be used for identification purposes. This technique is commonly used in forensic science and paternity testing.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Who invented PCR?
- A.
Sir Alec Jeffrey
- B.
Kary Mullis
- C.
Watson and Crick
- D.
Dr. Lalji Singh
Correct Answer
B. Kary MullisExplanation
Kary Mullis is credited with inventing the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). PCR is a technique used in molecular biology to amplify a specific segment of DNA. Mullis developed this groundbreaking method in 1983, which revolutionized the field of genetics and had a profound impact on various scientific disciplines. His invention earned him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1993.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Who invented DNA fingerprinting?
- A.
Sir Alec Jeffreys
- B.
Kary Mullis
- C.
Dr. Lalji Singh
- D.
Ian Wilmut
Correct Answer
A. Sir Alec JeffreysExplanation
Sir Alec Jeffreys is credited with inventing DNA fingerprinting. He developed the technique in the 1980s at the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom. DNA fingerprinting, also known as DNA profiling, is a method used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA patterns. Jeffreys' discovery revolutionized forensic science and has since been widely used in criminal investigations, paternity testing, and other fields.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The first mammal to be cloned from adult somatic cell was a-
- A.
Cow
- B.
Human
- C.
Sheep
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. SheepExplanation
The first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell was a sheep. This refers to the famous cloning experiment conducted by scientists at the Roslin Institute in Scotland in 1996. They successfully cloned a sheep named Dolly using a technique called somatic cell nuclear transfer. Dolly's birth was a groundbreaking achievement in the field of cloning and paved the way for further advancements in reproductive biology.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of the following can be used as a biopesticide?
- A.
Bacillus thuringiensis
- B.
Bacillus popillae
- C.
Trichoderma
- D.
All are correct
Correct Answer
D. All are correctExplanation
All of the options mentioned (Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus popillae, Trichoderma) can be used as biopesticides. Bacillus thuringiensis is a naturally occurring bacterium that produces proteins toxic to certain insects, making it an effective biopesticide. Bacillus popillae is another bacterium that can be used as a biopesticide, specifically targeting Japanese beetles. Trichoderma is a fungus that has biocontrol properties and can be used to suppress plant diseases caused by other fungi. Therefore, all of these options can be used as biopesticides.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following can be used as a biofertilizer?
- A.
Rhizobium
- B.
Azospirillum
- C.
Nostoc
- D.
All are correct
Correct Answer
D. All are correctExplanation
All of the options listed - Rhizobium, Azospirillum, and Nostoc - can be used as biofertilizers. Biofertilizers are substances that contain living microorganisms, which when applied to plants or soil, enhance their nutrient uptake and overall growth. Rhizobium is a bacteria that forms a symbiotic relationship with legume plants, fixing atmospheric nitrogen into a form that the plant can use. Azospirillum is a bacteria that promotes plant growth by fixing atmospheric nitrogen and producing growth-promoting substances. Nostoc is a cyanobacterium that fixes atmospheric nitrogen and can be used as a biofertilizer in paddy fields. Therefore, all three options are correct.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following is a DNA manipulating enzyme?
- A.
Nucleases
- B.
Ligases
- C.
Polymerases
- D.
All are used for DNA manipulation.
Correct Answer
D. All are used for DNA manipulation.Explanation
All of the options listed (nucleases, ligases, and polymerases) are enzymes that are commonly used for DNA manipulation. Nucleases are enzymes that cleave or cut DNA, while ligases are enzymes that join or connect DNA fragments. Polymerases are enzymes that synthesize new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to a DNA template. Therefore, all of these enzymes play important roles in various DNA manipulation techniques, such as cloning, PCR, and DNA sequencing.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which medium is used for selection of Hybridomas during Monoclonal antibody production?
- A.
HAT medium
- B.
LJ medium
- C.
LB medium
- D.
All are correct
Correct Answer
A. HAT mediumExplanation
HAT medium is used for the selection of Hybridomas during Monoclonal antibody production. HAT stands for Hypoxanthine-Aminopterin-Thymidine, which are three components present in this medium. Hybridomas are produced by fusing B cells with myeloma cells, and HAT medium is used to selectively support the growth of hybridoma cells while inhibiting the growth of unfused myeloma cells and B cells. This medium allows for the selection of hybridoma cells that have successfully fused and have the ability to produce monoclonal antibodies.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Biosensor uses
- A.
Biological recognition system
- B.
A signal transducer which converts biochemical signal into electrical signal
- C.
Both are correct
- D.
Both are incorrect
Correct Answer
C. Both are correctExplanation
Both options are correct because a biosensor does indeed use a biological recognition system, which allows it to detect and interact with specific biological molecules. Additionally, a biosensor also utilizes a signal transducer, which converts the biochemical signal produced by the interaction with the biological molecules into an electrical signal that can be measured and analyzed. Therefore, both statements accurately describe the components and functions of a biosensor.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following is a recombinant vaccine?
- A.
BCG
- B.
HBs Ag vaccine
- C.
Oral polio vaccine
- D.
ATS
Correct Answer
B. HBs Ag vaccineExplanation
The HBs Ag vaccine is a recombinant vaccine because it is produced by inserting a gene that codes for a specific antigen (HBs Ag) into a different organism, such as yeast or bacteria. This organism then produces the antigen, which is purified and used as the vaccine. Recombinant vaccines are considered safer and more effective than traditional vaccines because they do not contain live or inactivated pathogens. BCG, oral polio vaccine, and ATS are not recombinant vaccines as they are produced using different methods.Rate this question:
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Jan 20, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Apr 27, 2020Quiz Created by
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