Arts And Science College,Pulgaon Dist. Wardha, Affiliated To R.T.M.N.U NaGPur. " Microbio-quiz On Microbial Control"
Department of Microbiology
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The process in which all living cells, spores and viruses are completely destroyed from an object is called _____.
- A.
Disinfection
- B.
Pasteurization
- C.
Sterilization
- D.
Antisepsis
Correct Answer
C. SterilizationExplanation
Sterilization is the correct answer because it refers to the process of completely destroying all living cells, spores, and viruses from an object. Disinfection refers to the reduction of harmful microorganisms, but it may not eliminate all of them. Pasteurization is a process of heating food or liquid to kill or deactivate pathogens, but it does not necessarily eliminate all microorganisms. Antisepsis refers to the prevention of infection by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms, but it does not necessarily involve complete destruction. Therefore, sterilization is the most appropriate term for the complete elimination of all living microorganisms from an object.Rate this question:
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- 2.
_______ is an antiseptic
- A.
Chlorine
- B.
Copper Sulphate
- C.
Ozone
- D.
70% ethanol
Correct Answer
D. 70% ethanolExplanation
70% ethanol is an antiseptic because ethanol has the ability to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The concentration of 70% is considered effective as it provides a balance between potency and evaporation rate. Ethanol works by disrupting the cell membranes and denaturing proteins in the microorganisms, leading to their death. It is commonly used as a disinfectant for skin and surfaces in healthcare settings and is also used as a preservative in many consumer products.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following is not a type of sterilization?
- A.
Batch
- B.
Submerged
- C.
Filter
- D.
Continuous
Correct Answer
B. SubmergedExplanation
Submerged sterilization is not a recognized type of sterilization. Batch, filter, and continuous sterilization are all well-known methods used to sterilize objects or substances. However, submerged sterilization is not a commonly used term in the field of sterilization.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Ultra High Temperature sterilization involves high temperature exposure of objects for _____.
- A.
1 – 3 seconds
- B.
1 – 3 minutes
- C.
1 – 3 hours
- D.
10 – 30 hours
Correct Answer
A. 1 – 3 secondsExplanation
Ultra High Temperature sterilization involves high temperature exposure of objects for a very short duration of time, typically between 1 and 3 seconds. This short exposure time is sufficient to kill microorganisms and sterilize the objects.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following apparatus is used to provide steam under regulated pressure?
- A.
Autoclave
- B.
Laminar air flow
- C.
Incubator
- D.
Hot oven
Correct Answer
A. AutoclaveExplanation
The autoclave is an apparatus used to provide steam under regulated pressure. It is commonly used in laboratories and medical facilities for sterilization purposes. The autoclave uses high-pressure steam to kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms on equipment and instruments. It is designed to maintain a specific temperature and pressure to ensure effective sterilization. This makes the autoclave the correct answer for providing steam under regulated pressure.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following actions occur due to low temperature?
- A.
Coagulation of proteins
- B.
Death of microorganisms
- C.
Rate of metabolism is reduced
- D.
Denatures proteins
Correct Answer
C. Rate of metabolism is reducedExplanation
Low temperature can cause a reduction in the rate of metabolism in organisms. This is because low temperatures slow down the chemical reactions that occur within cells, including those involved in metabolism. As a result, the energy production and consumption processes in the body slow down, leading to a decrease in the overall metabolic rate. This reduction in metabolism helps organisms conserve energy and adapt to the lower temperature environment.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Passage of water from a low solute concentration into the cell is referred to as ______________
- A.
Plasmoptysis
- B.
Isotonic
- C.
Hypertonic
- D.
Plasmolysis
Correct Answer
A. Plasmoptysis -
- 8.
A chemical agent that kills the microorganisms and is commonly applied to substances used on inanimate objects are _______________
- A.
Antiseptics
- B.
Sanitizer
- C.
Disinfectants
- D.
Antibiotics
Correct Answer
C. DisinfectantsExplanation
Disinfectants are chemical agents that are commonly used to kill microorganisms on inanimate objects. Unlike antiseptics, which are used on living tissues, disinfectants are specifically designed to eliminate bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens on surfaces. Sanitizers are also used to reduce the number of microorganisms, but they are not as potent as disinfectants. Antibiotics, on the other hand, are medications used to treat infections in living organisms and are not typically applied to inanimate objects.Rate this question:
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- 9.
An agent that prevents the growth of bacteria are known as __________________
- A.
Bactericide
- B.
Bacteriostatic
- C.
Antimicrobial
- D.
Antibiotic
Correct Answer
B. BacteriostaticExplanation
An agent that prevents the growth of bacteria is known as bacteriostatic. This term refers to substances or treatments that inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria without necessarily killing them. Bacteriostatic agents work by interfering with essential bacterial processes or structures, such as protein synthesis or cell wall formation, thereby slowing down or stopping bacterial growth. Unlike bactericides, which kill bacteria directly, bacteriostatic agents only temporarily halt their growth, allowing the immune system or other factors to eventually eliminate the bacteria.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of the following is the characteristics of a sanitizer?
- A.
Destroys all microbial forms
- B.
Prevents the growth or action of microorganisms
- C.
Reduces the microbial population to safe levels
- D.
Kills all the bacteria and the bacterial spores
Correct Answer
C. Reduces the microbial population to safe levelsExplanation
The characteristic of a sanitizer is to reduce the microbial population to safe levels. Sanitizers are substances that are used to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms on surfaces or objects. They are not intended to destroy all microbial forms or kill all bacteria and bacterial spores, but rather to lower the number of microorganisms to a level that is considered safe for human health.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following is not a chemical agent for microbial control?
- A.
Radiations
- B.
Antibiotics
- C.
Antiseptics
- D.
Germicide
Correct Answer
A. RadiationsExplanation
Radiations are not considered a chemical agent for microbial control because they do not involve the use of chemicals to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Instead, radiations such as UV light or gamma rays work by damaging the DNA or cellular structures of microorganisms, leading to their death or inability to reproduce. Antibiotics, antiseptics, and germicides, on the other hand, are all chemical agents that are used to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following are generally applied on living animal tissues?
- A.
Antiseptics
- B.
Disinfectants
- C.
Preservatives
- D.
Sanitizer
Correct Answer
A. AntisepticsExplanation
Antiseptics are generally applied on living animal tissues to prevent or inhibit the growth of microorganisms and prevent infection. They are specifically designed to be safe for use on living tissues and are commonly used for cleaning wounds, treating minor cuts and scrapes, and preparing the skin for medical procedures. Antiseptics work by killing or inhibiting the growth of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, reducing the risk of infection and promoting healing. Unlike disinfectants, which are used on inanimate objects, antiseptics are formulated to be gentle on the skin and mucous membranes while still being effective against harmful microorganisms.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Alcohol concentrations above 60% are effective against _________________
- A.
Virus
- B.
Bacteria
- C.
Germs
- D.
Fungi
Correct Answer
A. VirusExplanation
Alcohol concentrations above 60% are effective against viruses. Alcohol has the ability to denature the proteins in the outer layer of viruses, which destroys their structure and prevents them from infecting cells. This is why alcohol-based hand sanitizers with a high concentration of alcohol are recommended for killing viruses on the skin's surface. However, it should be noted that alcohol may not be as effective against certain types of viruses, such as those with a lipid envelope, which can provide some protection against alcohol.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following disinfectants act by disrupting microbial membranes?
- A.
Cationic detergents
- B.
Halogens
- C.
Heavy metals
- D.
Aldehydes
Correct Answer
A. Cationic detergentsExplanation
Cationic detergents act by disrupting microbial membranes. They have a positive charge, which allows them to bind to the negatively charged microbial membrane. This disrupts the membrane structure and leads to the leakage of cellular contents, ultimately killing the microorganism. Halogens, heavy metals, and aldehydes have different mechanisms of action and do not primarily target microbial membranes.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The time required to kill 90% of the microorganisms in a sample at a specific temperature is the
- A.
Decimal reduction time
- B.
Thermal death point
- C.
F value
- D.
D value
Correct Answer
D. D valueExplanation
The D value represents the time required to kill 90% of the microorganisms in a sample at a specific temperature. It is a measure of the effectiveness of a disinfection or sterilization process. The D value is commonly used in microbiology and food industry to determine the heat resistance of microorganisms and to calculate the necessary time and temperature conditions for proper sterilization.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Apr 21, 2020Quiz Created by
Yogesh Banginwar
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