MLS 335 Practice Exam 4 Lecture 15
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
Organisms that cause systemic diseases share these characteristics?
- A.
Mode of transmission, dimorphism, systemic semination
- B.
Mode of transmission, dimorphism,systemic dissemination
- C.
Demographic area, unimorphism, systemic dissemination
Correct Answer
B. Mode of transmission, dimorpHism,systemic disseminationExplanation
The correct answer is "mode of transmission, dimorphism, systemic dissemination." This is because organisms that cause systemic diseases typically have a specific mode of transmission, such as through bodily fluids or vectors. Dimorphism refers to the ability of these organisms to exist in different forms, such as a yeast-like form and a filamentous form. Systemic dissemination means that the organisms can spread throughout the body, affecting multiple organs and systems. These characteristics are commonly observed in organisms that cause systemic diseases.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Mode of transmission of systemic diseases?
- A.
Inhalation of infectious conidia
- B.
Ingestion of infectious conidia
- C.
Cutaneous exposure of conidia
Correct Answer
A. Inhalation of infectious conidiaExplanation
Systemic diseases are those that affect the entire body, rather than being localized to a specific area. The mode of transmission refers to how the disease is spread from one person to another. In the case of systemic diseases, the correct answer is inhalation of infectious conidia. This means that the disease-causing agents, known as conidia, are inhaled into the respiratory system, allowing them to enter the bloodstream and spread throughout the body. Ingestion of infectious conidia refers to swallowing the disease-causing agents, while cutaneous exposure of conidia refers to the agents entering the body through the skin. However, for systemic diseases, inhalation is the most common and effective mode of transmission.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What temperature does yeast form at? Mold?
- A.
25C: 37C
- B.
37C: 25C
- C.
42C: 25C
Correct Answer
B. 37C: 25CExplanation
Yeast forms at a temperature of 37C, while mold forms at a temperature of 25C.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Known as Gilchrist’s disease?
- A.
Blastomyces enteritis
- B.
Coccidioides immitis
- C.
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Correct Answer
C. Blastomyces dermatitidisExplanation
The correct answer is Blastomyces dermatitidis. Blastomyces dermatitidis is known as Gilchrist's disease. It is a fungal infection that primarily affects the lungs but can also spread to other parts of the body. It is caused by inhaling spores of the fungus found in soil and decaying organic matter. Symptoms can vary but commonly include fever, cough, chest pain, and fatigue. Treatment usually involves antifungal medication.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Blastomyces dermatitis is endemic in what North American region?
- A.
Michigan and Detroit river basin
- B.
Mississippi and Ohio river basin
- C.
Colorado and Colorado river basin
Correct Answer
B. Mississippi and Ohio river basinExplanation
Blastomyces dermatitis is endemic in the Mississippi and Ohio river basin. This means that the disease is commonly found and regularly occurs in this particular region of North America. The presence of Blastomyces dermatitis in this area suggests that the environmental conditions or factors in the Mississippi and Ohio river basin are conducive to the growth and spread of the disease.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Blastomyces dermatitidis occurs naturally in what 2 animals?
- A.
Cats and mice
- B.
Sheep and cats
- C.
Dogs and horses
Correct Answer
C. Dogs and horsesExplanation
Blastomyces dermatitidis is a fungus that causes a respiratory infection called blastomycosis. It is commonly found in soil and decaying organic matter, particularly in regions with moist environments. While it can infect various animals, dogs and horses are the most commonly affected. These animals can inhale the fungal spores present in the environment, leading to infection. Cats and mice are not mentioned as natural hosts for Blastomyces dermatitidis, making the answer "dogs and horses" the correct choice.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Blastomyces dermatitidis is most prevalent in who and from what type of exposure?
- A.
Old-aged men: water
- B.
Middle-aged men: soil
- C.
Middle-aged women: soil
Correct Answer
B. Middle-aged men: soilExplanation
Blastomyces dermatitidis is most prevalent in middle-aged men due to exposure to soil. This fungus is commonly found in soil and can cause an infection called blastomycosis. Middle-aged men may be more susceptible to this infection due to their outdoor activities or occupation that involves frequent contact with soil.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What is the clinical infection pathophysiology of Blastomyces dermatitidis?
- A.
Asymptomatic-> Pulmonary disease-> Invasive disease
- B.
Asymptomatic-> Pulmonary disease-> cardiac disease
- C.
Symptomatic-> Invasive disease-> gasteritis
Correct Answer
A. Asymptomatic-> Pulmonary disease-> Invasive diseaseExplanation
The correct answer is Asymptomatic-> Pulmonary disease-> Invasive disease. Blastomyces dermatitidis is a fungal infection that typically begins with asymptomatic inhalation of spores. This can progress to pulmonary disease, where the infection spreads to the lungs and causes symptoms such as cough, fever, and chest pain. In some cases, the infection can then become invasive, spreading to other organs such as the skin, bones, and central nervous system. This progression from asymptomatic to pulmonary to invasive disease is characteristic of Blastomyces dermatitidis infection.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Blastomyces dermatitidis is not fatal?
- A.
False
- B.
True
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
Blastomyces dermatitidis is a fungus that causes a respiratory infection known as blastomycosis. While most cases of blastomycosis are mild and resolve on their own, severe cases can be life-threatening. Therefore, Blastomyces dermatitidis can indeed be fatal, making the statement "Blastomyces dermatitidis is not fatal" false.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Diagnosis of Blastomyces dermatitidis is based on what 2 samples?
- A.
Saliva & underneath nails
- B.
Sputum & exudative material from cutaneous lesions and tissue
- C.
Urine & subcutaneous scrapings
Correct Answer
B. Sputum & exudative material from cutaneous lesions and tissueExplanation
The correct answer is sputum & exudative material from cutaneous lesions and tissue. Blastomyces dermatitidis is a fungus that causes blastomycosis, a fungal infection. To diagnose this infection, samples of sputum (mucus coughed up from the respiratory tract) and exudative material from cutaneous lesions and tissue (fluid or pus from skin lesions) are collected and examined for the presence of the fungus. These samples provide valuable information for confirming the diagnosis of Blastomyces dermatitidis infection.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Direct Microscopic Exam of Blastomyces dermatitidis shows?
- A.
Yeast cells with double walls & buds connected by broad base
- B.
Small yeast cells – may be seen in monocytes and macrophages
- C.
Narrow neck between mother and daughter cells
Correct Answer
A. Yeast cells with double walls & buds connected by broad baseExplanation
The correct answer suggests that the Direct Microscopic Exam of Blastomyces dermatitidis shows yeast cells with double walls and buds connected by a broad base. This indicates that the organism is Blastomyces dermatitidis. Blastomyces dermatitidis is a dimorphic fungus that causes blastomycosis, a fungal infection that primarily affects the lungs but can also spread to other parts of the body. The characteristic double-walled yeast cells with buds connected by a broad base are a distinguishing feature of Blastomyces dermatitidis under microscopic examination.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Stained Blastomyces dermatitidis shows what?
- A.
Fluorescent Antibody
- B.
Fluorescent Antigen
- C.
Dark Antigen
Correct Answer
B. Fluorescent AntigenExplanation
The correct answer is Fluorescent Antigen. Stained Blastomyces dermatitidis shows the presence of fluorescent antigens. This means that when the organism is stained and viewed under a fluorescent microscope, it emits fluorescence due to the presence of specific antigens. This technique is commonly used in diagnostic laboratories to identify and study various microorganisms.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Colony culture characteristics of Blastomyces dermatitidis at 25C?
- A.
White,hard,concentric circles
- B.
Black,fluffy,concentric spirals
- C.
White,fluffy,concentric circles
Correct Answer
C. White,fluffy,concentric circlesExplanation
The colony culture characteristics of Blastomyces dermatitidis at 25C are described as white, fluffy, and concentric circles. This means that the colonies of this fungus appear white in color, have a fluffy texture, and exhibit concentric circles when grown on a culture medium at a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Blastomyces dermatitidis resembels what other colony microscopically?
- A.
H. capsulatum
- B.
C. immitis
- C.
P. marneffei
Correct Answer
A. H. capsulatumExplanation
Blastomyces dermatitidis resembles H. capsulatum microscopically.Rate this question:
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- 15.
What is the microscopic morphology of Blastomyces dermatitidis at 25C?
- A.
Large multipolar budding
- B.
Oviod to dumbbell shaped
- C.
Elliptical fission (septate) yeasts inside phagocytes
Correct Answer
B. Oviod to dumbbell shapedExplanation
The correct answer is "Oviod to dumbbell shaped." Blastomyces dermatitidis is a dimorphic fungus that exists in two forms: a mold form at lower temperatures and a yeast form at higher temperatures. At 25C, it is in the mold form, which is characterized by oval to dumbbell-shaped cells. This morphology helps in distinguishing Blastomyces dermatitidis from other fungi.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What is the sexual form of Blastomyces dermatitidis?
- A.
Diffusion
- B.
Budding
- C.
Teleomorph
Correct Answer
C. TeleomorpHExplanation
The sexual form of Blastomyces dermatitidis is called teleomorph. This term refers to the reproductive stage of a fungus where sexual reproduction occurs, leading to the production of spores. Blastomyces dermatitidis is a dimorphic fungus that causes the disease blastomycosis in humans and animals. It exists in two forms, a mold form in the environment and a yeast form in the host's tissues. The teleomorph stage is an important part of the life cycle of this fungus, allowing for genetic recombination and the production of new variations.Rate this question:
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- 17.
How is Blastomyces dermatitidis identified?
- A.
Conversion from mold to yeast at 37C
- B.
Conversion from yeast to mold at 37C
- C.
Conversion from mold to yeast at 25C
Correct Answer
A. Conversion from mold to yeast at 37CExplanation
Blastomyces dermatitidis is identified through the conversion from mold to yeast at 37C. This conversion is a characteristic feature of this fungus and is used as a diagnostic tool. At 37C, the mold form of Blastomyces dermatitidis transforms into the yeast form, which can be observed and identified under a microscope. This conversion is important in distinguishing Blastomyces dermatitidis from other similar fungi and confirming the presence of this specific pathogen.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Fungal Immunodiffusion Test (FID) is used to detect what?
- A.
Endoantigens
- B.
Exoantigens
- C.
Enteroantigens
Correct Answer
B. ExoantigensExplanation
The Fungal Immunodiffusion Test (FID) is used to detect exoantigens. Exoantigens are antigens that are released by fungi into the surrounding environment. This test involves the diffusion of patient's serum and fungal antigens on an agar plate, and if there is a reaction between the two, it indicates the presence of exoantigens and suggests a fungal infection. This test is commonly used to diagnose systemic fungal infections such as aspergillosis or histoplasmosis.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What supernatant solution is used for Fungal Immunodiffusion Test (FID)?
- A.
Frozen
- B.
Diluted
- C.
Concentrated
Correct Answer
C. ConcentratedExplanation
The supernatant solution used for the Fungal Immunodiffusion Test (FID) is concentrated. This is because the FID test requires a high concentration of fungal antigens in order to accurately detect the presence of specific fungal antibodies in a patient's serum. By using a concentrated supernatant solution, the test is able to provide more sensitive and reliable results.Rate this question:
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- 20.
What exoantigen is identified in B. dermititidis?
- A.
HL
- B.
A
- C.
H
Correct Answer
B. AExplanation
The exoantigen identified in B. dermititidis is antigen A.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What exoantigen is identified in H. capsulatum?
- A.
H,M
- B.
A,L
- C.
HL
Correct Answer
A. H,MExplanation
The exoantigen identified in H. capsulatum is H and M.Rate this question:
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- 22.
What exoantigen is identified in C. immitis?
- A.
F,HL,HS
- B.
G,HV,HI
- C.
A,HM,HT
Correct Answer
A. F,HL,HSExplanation
The exoantigen identified in C. immitis is F, HL, and HS.Rate this question:
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- 23.
What exoantigen is identified in P. brasiiensis?
- A.
4,5,6
- B.
1,2,3
- C.
7,8,9
Correct Answer
B. 1,2,3Explanation
The exoantigen identified in P. brasiiensis is represented by the numbers 1, 2, and 3.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Histoplasma capsulatum is endemic in what Northern American areas?
- A.
Michigan,Maine,Texas
- B.
Ohio,Mississippi,Missouri
- C.
Florida,Georgia,Tennesse
Correct Answer
B. Ohio,Mississippi,MissouriExplanation
Histoplasma capsulatum is an endemic fungus found in certain regions of North America. The correct answer, Ohio, Mississippi, and Missouri, indicates that these three states are areas where the fungus is commonly found. This means that individuals living in or visiting these states are at a higher risk of contracting histoplasmosis, a respiratory infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. It is important for people in these areas to take necessary precautions to prevent exposure to the fungus.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Histoplasma capsulatum causes all of the following disorders? check all that apply.
- A.
Reticuloendothelial cytomycosis
- B.
Cave disease
- C.
Spelunker's disease
- D.
Conidia's disease
Correct Answer(s)
A. Reticuloendothelial cytomycosis
B. Cave disease
C. Spelunker's diseaseExplanation
Histoplasma capsulatum is a fungus that can cause several disorders. Reticuloendothelial cytomycosis, cave disease, and spelunker's disease are all caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. These disorders are characterized by respiratory symptoms, as the fungus is commonly found in soil contaminated with bird or bat droppings. The spores of Histoplasma capsulatum can be inhaled, leading to infection in the lungs. In severe cases, the infection can spread to other organs, causing systemic symptoms. Conidia's disease is not a recognized disorder caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, making it an incorrect answer.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Histoplasma capsulatum resides in areas with heavy?
- A.
Bird & bat guano
- B.
Cat & mice guano
- C.
Buffalo feces
Correct Answer
A. Bird & bat guanoExplanation
Histoplasma capsulatum is a fungus that causes the respiratory infection histoplasmosis. It is commonly found in soil contaminated with bird and bat droppings. These droppings provide an ideal environment for the growth and survival of the fungus. When the contaminated soil is disturbed, the fungal spores can become airborne and be inhaled by humans, leading to infection. Therefore, the correct answer is bird and bat guano.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Histoplasma capsulatum resides in soil with high concentration of what element?
- A.
Potassium
- B.
Carbon
- C.
Nitrogen
Correct Answer
C. NitrogenExplanation
Histoplasma capsulatum is a fungus that causes a respiratory infection called histoplasmosis. It is commonly found in soil and bird droppings, particularly in areas with high nitrogen content. Nitrogen is an essential element for the growth and survival of many microorganisms, including Histoplasma capsulatum. Therefore, it is likely that this fungus resides in soil with a high concentration of nitrogen.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Histoplasma capsulatum in a healthy person is asymptomatic?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
In a healthy person, Histoplasma capsulatum, a fungus found in soil contaminated with bat or bird droppings, usually does not cause any symptoms. It is estimated that around 80% of people who are infected with this fungus do not develop any noticeable symptoms. However, in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or undergoing chemotherapy, Histoplasma infection can cause severe symptoms and even lead to life-threatening complications.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Direct microscopic examination of Histoplasma capsulatum shows?
- A.
Small mold cells & a tail between mother & daughter
- B.
Small yeast cells & a neck between mother & daughter
- C.
Large yeast cells & a neck between male & female
Correct Answer
B. Small yeast cells & a neck between mother & daughterExplanation
Direct microscopic examination of Histoplasma capsulatum shows small yeast cells and a neck between mother and daughter. This is because Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus, meaning it can exist in both a mold form and a yeast form. In its yeast form, it appears as small round cells, which can be visualized under a microscope. The presence of a neck between mother and daughter cells indicates the process of budding, where new cells are formed from the parent cell. This characteristic morphology helps in the identification of Histoplasma capsulatum.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The mature growth of the Histoplasma capsulatum culture produces what?
- A.
Small conidia and large hyphae
- B.
Small echinulate or tuberculate microconidia
- C.
Large echinulate or tuberculate macroconidia
Correct Answer
C. Large echinulate or tuberculate macroconidiaExplanation
The mature growth of the Histoplasma capsulatum culture produces large echinulate or tuberculate macroconidia. This means that when the culture reaches maturity, it produces large spores (macroconidia) that have a rough or spiny surface (echinulate or tuberculate). These spores are important for the dispersal and reproduction of the fungus.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Histoplasma capsulatum's color of the mold culture at 25C?
- A.
Blue to black
- B.
White to brown
- C.
Gray to black
Correct Answer
B. White to brownExplanation
Histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus, meaning it can exist in two different forms depending on the environmental conditions. At 25 degrees Celsius, which is the temperature mentioned in the question, Histoplasma capsulatum grows as a mold. The color of the mold culture is typically white to brown. Therefore, the correct answer is "white to brown."Rate this question:
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- 32.
Known as valley fever?
- A.
Coccidioides immitis
- B.
Histoplasma capsulatum
- C.
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Correct Answer
A. Coccidioides immitisExplanation
Coccidioides immitis is known as valley fever. This fungus is responsible for causing a respiratory infection called coccidioidomycosis, which is commonly found in arid regions such as the southwestern United States. The infection occurs when individuals inhale fungal spores present in the soil. Symptoms of valley fever can range from mild flu-like symptoms to severe pneumonia. Therefore, Coccidioides immitis is the correct answer for the given question.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Coccidioides immitis is prominent in what USA regions?
- A.
San Diego California, Washington, Montana
- B.
San Francisco California, Oregon
- C.
San Joaquin Valley California, Arizona, Texas
Correct Answer
C. San Joaquin Valley California, Arizona, TexasExplanation
Coccidioides immitis is prominent in the San Joaquin Valley in California, as well as in Arizona and Texas. This fungal pathogen is commonly found in these regions and is responsible for causing coccidioidomycosis, also known as Valley fever.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Coccidioides immitis is known as what of all the human mycotic agents?
- A.
Smallest of them all
- B.
Most virulent of them all
- C.
Largest of them all
Correct Answer
B. Most virulent of them allExplanation
Coccidioides immitis is known as the most virulent of all the human mycotic agents. This means that it is the most aggressive and harmful among all the fungal agents that can cause diseases in humans. It is known to cause a severe respiratory infection called coccidioidomycosis, or Valley fever, which can lead to serious complications and even death in some cases. Its high virulence makes it a particularly dangerous pathogen.Rate this question:
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- 35.
What is the infectious cycle of Coccidioides immitis?
- A.
Inhalation of only a few arthroconidia that convert to spherules which produce endospores
- B.
Formation of ulcerative granulomatous lesions
- C.
Appear as molluscum contagiosum-like lesions
Correct Answer
A. Inhalation of only a few arthroconidia that convert to spHerules which produce endosporesExplanation
The infectious cycle of Coccidioides immitis involves the inhalation of only a few arthroconidia, which then convert to spherules. These spherules produce endospores, which can further spread the infection. This explanation highlights the specific process by which the fungus is transmitted and how it reproduces within the body.Rate this question:
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- 36.
What are the diagnostic measures of Coccidioides immitis?
- A.
Sputum, tracheal aspirates, lung biopsy tissue,CSF, blood
- B.
Skin scrapings and hair shaft
- C.
Nail scrapings
Correct Answer
A. Sputum, tracheal aspirates, lung biopsy tissue,CSF, bloodExplanation
The diagnostic measures for Coccidioides immitis include obtaining samples such as sputum, tracheal aspirates, lung biopsy tissue, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and blood. These samples can be used to detect the presence of the fungus and confirm the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis. Skin scrapings and hair shaft samples may be collected in cases where there are cutaneous manifestations of the infection, while nail scrapings may be useful in detecting fungal involvement of the nails.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Culture of Coccidioides immitis produce what?
- A.
Rapid conversion to yeast at 37C
- B.
Fertile hyphae at right angles with alternating hyaline arthroconidia
- C.
Yellowish-brown reverse
Correct Answer
B. Fertile hypHae at right angles with alternating hyaline arthroconidiaExplanation
Coccidioides immitis is a fungus that causes coccidioidomycosis, a respiratory infection. The culture of Coccidioides immitis produces fertile hyphae at right angles with alternating hyaline arthroconidia. This means that the fungus forms branching structures (hyphae) that have alternating spore-like structures (arthroconidia) attached to them. These hyphae and arthroconidia are important for the reproduction and spread of the fungus. The yellowish-brown reverse mentioned in the question is not related to the culture of Coccidioides immitis.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Known as south american or brazallian blastomycosis?
- A.
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
- B.
Histoplasma capsulatum
- C.
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Correct Answer
A. Paracoccidioides brasiliensisExplanation
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is the correct answer because it is the causative agent of a fungal infection known as paracoccidioidomycosis, which is commonly found in South America, particularly in Brazil. This infection primarily affects the lungs but can also spread to other organs. The other options, Histoplasma capsulatum and Blastomyces dermatitidis, are causative agents of different fungal infections, histoplasmosis and blastomycosis, respectively. Therefore, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is the most appropriate answer based on its association with South American or Brazilian blastomycosis.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis needs what pH soil to live?
- A.
Neutral
- B.
Alkaline
- C.
Acidic
Correct Answer
C. AcidicExplanation
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis needs an acidic pH soil to live. This means that the soil should have a low pH level, typically below 7. The acidic environment provides the ideal conditions for the growth and survival of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, allowing it to thrive and carry out its biological processes effectively.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis involves what part of the body?
- A.
Lymph nodes
- B.
Kidneys
- C.
Liver
Correct Answer
A. LympH nodesExplanation
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis involves the lymph nodes. This means that the fungus specifically affects or infects the lymph nodes in the body. It does not target the kidneys or liver.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Dissemination leads to formation of what in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis?
- A.
Fever and cough
- B.
Ulcerative granulomatous lesions ofbuccal,nasal,gastrointestinal mucosa
- C.
Diffusible red pigment
Correct Answer
B. Ulcerative granulomatous lesions ofbuccal,nasal,gastrointestinal mucosaExplanation
Dissemination in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis leads to the formation of ulcerative granulomatous lesions in the buccal, nasal, and gastrointestinal mucosa. This means that the infection spreads throughout the body, causing the development of open sores and inflammatory nodules in these specific areas.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Diagnosis of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is made by doing what?
- A.
Eye drainage
- B.
Scrapings of nail bed or hair shaft
- C.
Pus from draining lymph nodes or scrapings from ulcers
Correct Answer
C. Pus from draining lympH nodes or scrapings from ulcersExplanation
The correct answer is pus from draining lymph nodes or scrapings from ulcers. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a fungal infection that primarily affects the lungs but can also spread to other parts of the body. To diagnose this infection, samples of pus from draining lymph nodes or scrapings from ulcers are collected and examined under a microscope or cultured in a laboratory. These samples can help identify the presence of the fungus and confirm the diagnosis of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis's microscopic morphology is which of the following?
- A.
Large multipolar budding yeast cells
- B.
Small multipolar budding yeast cells
- C.
Large unipolar budding mold cells
Correct Answer
A. Large multipolar budding yeast cellsExplanation
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a fungus that causes the disease paracoccidioidomycosis. Its microscopic morphology is characterized by large multipolar budding yeast cells. This means that the cells are relatively large in size and they reproduce by forming multiple buds in different directions. This information helps in identifying and distinguishing Paracoccidioides brasiliensis from other fungi with different microscopic morphologies.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis's yeast cells resemble what under the microcope?
- A.
Mickey mouse cap
- B.
Christmas tree
- C.
Sunflower
Correct Answer
A. Mickey mouse capExplanation
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis's yeast cells resemble a mickey mouse cap under the microscope. This suggests that the shape and arrangement of the cells resemble the iconic shape of Mickey Mouse's cap, possibly due to the presence of distinct structures or patterns that resemble the cap's design.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis produce what size conidia?
- A.
Medium
- B.
Large
- C.
Small
Correct Answer
C. SmallExplanation
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis produce small-sized conidia.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Involves the mononuclear phagocytic system and occurs primarily in HIV-infected persons in Thailand and Southern China?
- A.
Coccidioides immitis
- B.
Penicilliosis marneffei
- C.
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Correct Answer
B. Penicilliosis marneffeiExplanation
Penicilliosis marneffei is caused by the fungus Penicillium marneffei and primarily affects HIV-infected individuals in Thailand and Southern China. The infection involves the mononuclear phagocytic system, which includes cells such as macrophages and monocytes that play a role in the immune response against pathogens. This explanation highlights the key information about the infection and its association with the mononuclear phagocytic system and specific geographical regions.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Penicilliosis marneffei is isolated from what?
- A.
Wild hog
- B.
White mice
- C.
Bamboo rats
Correct Answer
C. Bamboo ratsExplanation
Penicilliosis marneffei is a fungal infection caused by the fungus Penicillium marneffei. It is primarily found in Southeast Asia, particularly in areas where bamboo rats are present. Bamboo rats are known to be natural reservoirs for this fungus, and they play a crucial role in the transmission of the infection to humans. Therefore, the correct answer is bamboo rats.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Penicilliosis marneffei mimics what 2 infections?
- A.
Tuberculosis and leishmania
- B.
Influenza and hepatitis C
- C.
Chicken pox and mumps
Correct Answer
A. Tuberculosis and leishmaniaExplanation
Penicilliosis marneffei is a fungal infection caused by the fungus Penicillium marneffei. It primarily affects individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS. The infection presents with symptoms similar to tuberculosis and leishmania, two other infectious diseases. This includes fever, weight loss, cough, and skin lesions. The similarity in symptoms can make it difficult to differentiate between these infections without proper diagnostic testing. Therefore, tuberculosis and leishmania are the two infections that Penicilliosis marneffei mimics.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Penicilliosis marneffei forms what kind of lesions on the face and trunk?
- A.
Macroconidia like lesions
- B.
Molluscum contagiosum-like lesions
- C.
Microconidia like lesions
Correct Answer
B. Molluscum contagiosum-like lesionsExplanation
Penicilliosis marneffei is a fungal infection caused by the fungus Penicillium marneffei. It primarily affects individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS. The infection typically presents with skin lesions, which resemble molluscum contagiosum-like lesions. These lesions are small, raised, and usually painless. They may appear on the face and trunk of the affected individual. It is important to note that the other options, macroconidia-like lesions and microconidia-like lesions, are not associated with Penicilliosis marneffei.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Diagnosis of Penicilliosis marneffei?
- A.
Pus from lesions
- B.
Skin scrapings and nail scrapings
- C.
Sputum, bone marrow, blood, bronch wash
Correct Answer
C. Sputum, bone marrow, blood, bronch washExplanation
The correct answer is "Sputum, bone marrow, blood, bronch wash." This is because Penicilliosis marneffei is a systemic fungal infection caused by the fungus Penicillium marneffei. It primarily affects immunocompromised individuals and can lead to severe illness if left untreated. The fungus can be detected in various body fluids and tissues, including sputum, bone marrow, blood, and bronchial washings. Therefore, these samples are essential for the diagnosis of Penicilliosis marneffei. Pus from lesions, skin scrapings, and nail scrapings may not provide enough evidence for an accurate diagnosis.Rate this question:
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Jul 04, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Mar 29, 2012Quiz Created by
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