1.
A researcher wants to discover why patients of certain ethnic backgrounds are reluctant to ask for pain medication. Because there are little data in the literature on this topic
Correct Answer
D. It is a hypothesis-generating study.
Explanation
Not enough is known in this area at this time to formulate hypotheses
2.
The nurse develops the following hypothesis: Elderly women receive less aggressive treatment for breast cancer than do younger women. Which variable would be considered to be the dependent variable?
Correct Answer
A. Degree of treatment received
Explanation
The degree of treatment received is considered the dependent variable.
3.
The nurse develops the following hypothesis: Elderly women receive less aggressive treatment for breast cancer than do younger women. Which variable would be considered to be the independent variable?
Correct Answer
B. Age of the patient
Explanation
The age of the patient would be the independent variable.
4.
The following are considered steps in the qualitative research process
Correct Answer
B. Hypothesis
Explanation
A hypothesis is the tool of quantitative studies
5.
Which of the following could be considered the “context” of a study? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Cultural understandings and beliefs of study participants
B. The pHysical setting of the study
Explanation
The context of a study refers to the background and environment in which the study takes place. This includes the cultural understandings and beliefs of the study participants, as well as the physical setting of the study. These factors can greatly influence the outcomes and interpretations of the study. The sample selected for the study and the number of subjects in the study, on the other hand, are more related to the methodology and design of the study rather than the context.
6.
Which beliefs guide the constructivist paradigm? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer(s)
A. There are multiple realities.
D. The participant (subject) is an active part of the study
Explanation
The constructivist paradigm is guided by the belief that there are multiple realities, meaning that different individuals or groups may have different perspectives and interpretations of the world. Additionally, the paradigm emphasizes that the participant or subject being studied is an active part of the study, suggesting that their experiences and perspectives are important in shaping the understanding of the research topic. The other two options, "The truth is objective" and "Context does not matter as much as truth," do not align with the beliefs of the constructivist paradigm.
7.
Which of the following are consistent with the constructivist paradigm? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Subjectivism is valued.
C. Time and place are important.
Explanation
The constructivist paradigm emphasizes the importance of subjectivism, meaning that individual perspectives and experiences shape knowledge and understanding. This is consistent with the statement that subjectivism is valued. Additionally, constructivism recognizes that time and place play a crucial role in learning and knowledge construction. This is reflected in the statement that time and place are important.
8.
Which paradigm provides the basis for qualitative research?
Correct Answer
B. Constructivism
Explanation
The paradigm that provides the basis for qualitative research is constructivism.
9.
Which type of research allows researchers to be neutral observers?
Correct Answer
C. Quantitative research
Explanation
The type of research that allows researchers to be neutral observers is Quantitative research. In quantitative research, data is typically collected through structured methods such as surveys, experiments, and statistical analysis. Researchers aim to be objective and minimize their influence on the data collection process, allowing them to act as neutral observers and maintain a degree of detachment from the subject matter. This objectivity is a key characteristic of quantitative research.
10.
Which type of research study can be affected by detracting values of the researcher?
Correct Answer
D. Quantitative
Explanation
The values of the researcher must be acknowledged in qualitative research (A). The values of the researcher must be acknowledged in naturalistic research (B). The values of the researcher must be acknowledged in qualitative research (C).