Ekologija I životna Sredina

Explanation
The given statement is correct. It states that biological evolution involves changes in the body structure of living beings from the beginning until the present day. This aligns with the widely accepted understanding of evolution, which explains how species have evolved and diversified over time through genetic variations and natural selection.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Heterotrofno". This means that the first living beings on Earth obtained their nutrition by consuming organic matter from other organisms. They were not able to produce their own food through photosynthesis or other means.

Explanation
The correct answer is Azot, Ugljenik, Vodonik, and Kiseonik. These elements are necessary for the formation of organic compounds, which are the building blocks of life. Azot is essential for the formation of proteins and nucleic acids. Ugljenik is the backbone of organic molecules and is involved in the formation of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Vodonik is a component of water and is also present in organic molecules. Kiseonik is necessary for cellular respiration, which is the process that provides energy for living organisms. Zlato and Srebro are not essential elements for the formation of life.

Explanation
The statement "Biodiverzitet je prirodno bogastvo Zemlje" translates to "Biodiversity is the natural wealth of the Earth." This statement is correct because biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms in an ecosystem, including plants, animals, and microorganisms. Biodiversity is essential for maintaining the balance of ecosystems, providing ecosystem services, and supporting human well-being. Therefore, it can be considered a valuable natural resource or wealth of the Earth.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Svih živih bića" which translates to "of all living beings" in English. This answer encompasses the diversity of microorganisms, fungi, plants, and animals, indicating that biodiversity refers to the variety of all living organisms on Earth.

Explanation
This question is asking for the terms that relate to the levels of biological organization in living beings. The correct answer includes "Atom," which is the smallest unit of matter, "Molecule," which is a combination of atoms, "Organ," which is a group of tissues that perform a specific function, "Organelle," which is a specialized structure within a cell, and "Ćelija," which is the basic unit of life. These terms represent different levels of organization, starting from the smallest building blocks (atoms and molecules) to larger structures (organs and cells).

Explanation
The correct answer includes the terms "Populacija, Biom, Biocenoza, Ekosistem." These terms all relate to different levels of ecological organization of living beings. A population refers to a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area. A biom is a large geographical area characterized by similar climate, vegetation, and animal life. Biocenoza refers to a community of living organisms in a particular habitat. An ekosistem is a complex community of organisms and their physical environment, including interactions between them. These terms represent different scales at which ecological interactions and relationships can be studied and understood.

Explanation
Frogs lay their eggs in water because their eggs need to be in a moist environment in order to develop properly. The water provides the necessary moisture for the eggs to stay hydrated and for the embryos to develop. Additionally, the water also provides a suitable habitat for the tadpoles that hatch from the eggs, as they need to live in water until they undergo metamorphosis into adult frogs. Therefore, laying eggs in water is essential for the survival and development of frog embryos and tadpoles.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Na kopnu" because the question states that the crocodile finds food in the water, but it lays eggs on land. This suggests that the crocodile spends most of its time in the water hunting for food, but when it is time to reproduce, it goes onto land to lay its eggs.

Explanation
Biotop se odnosi na manje ili veće prostorije u životnoj sredini koje imaju slične uslove života. To su specifična staništa koja pružaju određene uslove za različite organizme. Biotop obuhvata sve fizičke karakteristike okruženja kao što su temperatura, vlažnost, svetlost, zemljište, voda i drugi faktori koji utiču na život organizama. Populacija se odnosi na grupu jedinki iste vrste koje žive na određenom području. Biocenoza se odnosi na zajednicu svih organizama koji žive u određenom prostoru. Ekosistem se odnosi na interakciju između živih organizama i njihovog okruženja.

Explanation
The correct answer includes ecological factors that are considered abiotic. These factors include altitude, soil type, temperature, slope of the terrain, and humidity. Abiotic factors are non-living components of an ecosystem that can influence the distribution and abundance of organisms. Altitude affects atmospheric pressure and temperature, which in turn affects the availability of oxygen and the types of plants and animals that can survive at different altitudes. Soil type determines the nutrient content and water-holding capacity, which affects plant growth. Temperature affects the metabolic rates of organisms and their ability to survive and reproduce. Slope of the terrain affects water drainage and sunlight exposure, which can impact vegetation. Humidity affects the availability of water and can influence the types of organisms that can survive in an area.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Odnosi ishrane, Odnosi razmnožavanja." This is because the question asks for ecological factors that are considered biotic, which means they are living or derived from living organisms. "Odnosi ishrane" refers to the relationships between organisms in terms of their food sources and interactions, which is a biotic factor. "Odnosi razmnožavanja" refers to the reproductive relationships between organisms, which again involves living organisms and is therefore a biotic factor.

Explanation
The given statement suggests that the feathers and fatty tissue protect penguins from low temperatures. This indicates that penguins have adapted to their environment by developing these physical characteristics that help them survive in cold temperatures. Therefore, the correct answer is "Adaptacije."

Explanation
The given answer, "Adaptacija," is the correct answer because it refers to the process by which living organisms adjust to their environment in order to survive and reproduce. Adaptation allows organisms to better suit their surroundings and increase their chances of survival. In the context of the given options, adaptacija is the most appropriate term to describe the concept of adjusting to ecological factors, living beings, microorganisms, and even terrestrial plants.

Explanation
The given statement is incorrect. It states that the population size represents the average number of individuals in a unit of area or volume, which is not true. Population size refers to the total number of individuals in a given population, regardless of the unit of measurement used.

Explanation
The given statement is incorrect. "Gustina populacije" actually refers to the number of individuals in a population per unit area or volume. It is a measure of population density, not the total number of individuals in the population.

Explanation
Biocenoza predstavlja skup populacija različitih organizama koji žive u istom ekosistemu i međusobno su povezani. Ova zajednica organizama uključuje različite vrste biljaka, životinja i drugih organizama koji zajedno čine ekosistem. Stoga, skup populacija je tačan odgovor jer se biocenoza sastoji od svih populacija koje žive u određenom području.

Explanation
The statement "Svaka biocenoza ima prostornu i vremensku organizaciju" translates to "Every biocenosis has spatial and temporal organization." This means that every biocenosis, which refers to a community of living organisms and their interactions with each other and their environment, is structured in both space and time. This organization can include patterns of distribution and movement of organisms within the biocenosis, as well as changes in the biocenosis over time. Therefore, the answer "Tačno" (True) is correct.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Prizemnom spratu." This means that the plant jagorčevina belongs to the ground floor or the lower level. This suggests that the plant is not tall or does not grow high above the ground, but rather stays close to the ground.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Niskih žbunova" because the question states that the plant "kupina" belongs to a certain floor or level. "Niskih žbunova" translates to "low shrubs" in English, indicating that the plant belongs to the category of low-growing shrubs. This is supported by the fact that "kupina" is a type of plant that typically grows as a low shrub with thorny stems and produces edible berries.