Napoleon's Buttons Chapter 14 Test

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  • 1/15 Questions

    A(n)____________________ is formed from a glycerol (also called glycerin) molecule and three fatty acid molecules.

    • Triglyceride
    • Oliec acid
    • Hydrocarbon
    • Fatty acid
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About This Quiz

Jay Burreson and Le Couteur's Napoleon's Buttons chapter 14 dives deeper into the Oleic acid and all its derivatives not to mention all the resultant and related compounds. Take up the quiz and gauge your knowledge on the chapter.

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  • 2. 

    Saponification, the chemical reaction for making soap, breaks a triglyceride into its component fatty acids and glycerol through the use of a(n) _________________________ 

    • Acid

    • Base

    • Sugar

    • Salt

    Correct Answer
    A. Base
    Explanation
    Saponification is the process of making soap by breaking down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol. This reaction requires the use of a base, which helps to hydrolyze the ester bonds in the triglyceride molecule. The base reacts with the triglyceride, causing it to break apart and form soap molecules. Therefore, the correct answer is base.

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  • 3. 

    Monounsaturated fatty acids contain one carbon-to-carbon _________________.

    • Triple bond

    • Double bond

    • Single bond

    • Quadruple bond

    Correct Answer
    A. Double bond
    Explanation
    Monounsaturated fatty acids contain one carbon-to-carbon double bond. This means that there is a double bond between two carbon atoms in the fatty acid chain. This double bond affects the structure and properties of the fatty acid, making it more flexible and less dense than saturated fatty acids, which have only single bonds. The presence of a double bond also gives monounsaturated fatty acids certain health benefits, such as reducing bad cholesterol levels and lowering the risk of heart disease.

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  • 4. 

    The chemical term for the reaction that occurs when triglycerides of fats and oils react with alkalis is _________________. 

    • Sublimation

    • Saturation

    • Saponification

    • Stagnation

    Correct Answer
    A. Saponification
    Explanation
    Saponification is the correct answer because it refers to the chemical reaction that takes place when triglycerides (fats and oils) react with alkalis (such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide). This reaction results in the formation of soap and glycerol. Sublimation, saturation, and stagnation are unrelated terms and do not describe the specific reaction mentioned in the question.

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  • 5. 

    Why do saturated fatty acids melt at higher temperatures than unsaturated fatty acids?

    • Saturated fatty acids contain more carbon atoms that unsaturated fatty acids

    • Saturated fatty acids can pack closer together requiring more energy to separate individual molecules

    • Unsaturated fatty acids contain more carbon atoms than saturated fatty acids

    • Saturated fatty acids contain more double bonds that unsaturated fatty acids

    Correct Answer
    A. Saturated fatty acids can pack closer together requiring more energy to separate individual molecules
    Explanation
    Saturated fatty acids have only single bonds between carbon atoms, allowing the molecules to pack closely together. This close packing requires more energy to separate the individual molecules, resulting in a higher melting point. Unsaturated fatty acids, on the other hand, have double bonds which introduce kinks in the carbon chain, preventing close packing and reducing the energy required for separation, leading to a lower melting point.

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  • 6. 

    Which of the following are considered to be the "bad" lipoproteins?

    • LDL

    • HDL

    • PDL

    • HDL:LDL

    Correct Answer
    A. LDL
    Explanation
    LDL, also known as low-density lipoproteins, are considered to be the "bad" lipoproteins. This is because they carry cholesterol from the liver to the cells, and if there is an excess of LDL in the bloodstream, it can lead to the buildup of cholesterol in the arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke. On the other hand, HDL, or high-density lipoproteins, are considered to be the "good" lipoproteins as they help remove cholesterol from the bloodstream and transport it back to the liver for excretion. PDL is not a recognized lipoprotein.

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  • 7. 

    A ________________ is a water-insoluble accumulation of cholesterol, protein, and tryglycerides.

    • Fatty acid

    • Lipoprotein

    • Lauric acid

    • Fat

    Correct Answer
    A. Lipoprotein
    Explanation
    A lipoprotein is a water-insoluble accumulation of cholesterol, protein, and triglycerides. Lipoproteins are responsible for transporting these substances through the bloodstream. They consist of a lipid core surrounded by proteins, allowing them to be soluble in water and easily transported. Lipoproteins play a crucial role in maintaining cholesterol and lipid balance in the body.

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  • 8. 

    _______________________ are long chains of carbon atoms with an acid group, COOH, at one end.

    • Triglycerides

    • Oliec acids

    • Hydrocarbons

    • Fatty acids

    Correct Answer
    A. Fatty acids
    Explanation
    Fatty acids are long chains of carbon atoms with an acid group, COOH, at one end.

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  • 9. 

    When a fatty acid contains a double bond and the carbon atoms are on opposite sides of the double bond, the double bond is considered ___________________.

    • Cis

    • Trans

    • Saturated

    • Unsaturated

    Correct Answer
    A. Trans
    Explanation
    When a fatty acid contains a double bond and the carbon atoms are on opposite sides of the double bond, the double bond is considered trans. This means that the hydrogen atoms attached to the carbons are on opposite sides of the double bond, resulting in a straighter shape of the molecule. This configuration allows the fatty acid to pack tightly together, making it more solid at room temperature.

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  • 10. 

    Which of the following BEST descibes the structure of oleic acid?

    • 18 carbons; polyunsaturated

    • 18 carbons; monounsaturated

    • 16 carbons; polyunsaturated

    • 16 carbons; monounsaturated

    Correct Answer
    A. 18 carbons; monounsaturated
    Explanation
    Oleic acid is a type of fatty acid that consists of 18 carbon atoms. The term "monounsaturated" refers to the presence of only one double bond in the carbon chain of the fatty acid. Therefore, the correct answer is "18 carbons; monounsaturated."

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  • 11. 

    How many carbon atoms does palmitic acid contain?

    • 12 carbon atoms

    • 14 carbon atoms

    • 16 carbon atoms

    • 18 carbon atoms

    Correct Answer
    A. 16 carbon atoms
    Explanation
    Palmitic acid is a saturated fatty acid that consists of a 16-carbon chain. It is commonly found in animal fats and vegetable oils. The number of carbon atoms in a molecule of palmitic acid is 16, making the answer "16 carbon atoms" correct.

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  • 12. 

    Which of the following is also known as potash, (the ashes from a fire pot), which was used in soap making?

    • Potassium carbonate

    • Potassium nitrate

    • Sodium carbonate

    • Sodium hydroxide

    Correct Answer
    A. Potassium carbonate
    Explanation
    Potassium carbonate is also known as potash, which refers to the ashes from a fire pot. These ashes were historically used in soap making. Potassium nitrate, sodium carbonate, and sodium hydroxide are not commonly referred to as potash and do not have the same historical association with soap making.

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  • 13. 

    If a fatty acid contains more than one carbon-to-carbon double bond it is _______________.:

    • Saturated

    • Unsaturated

    • Monounsaturated

    • Polyunsaturated

    Correct Answer
    A. Polyunsaturated
    Explanation
    If a fatty acid contains more than one carbon-to-carbon double bond, it is classified as polyunsaturated. This means that the fatty acid has multiple double bonds between carbon atoms in its molecular structure. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are typically found in plant-based oils and are considered to be healthier than saturated fats. These fats have been associated with various health benefits, including reducing the risk of heart disease and inflammation.

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  • 14. 

    Which end of a soap molecule dissolves in water?

    • Carbon chain end

    • Fatty acid end

    • Charged end

    • Double bond end

    Correct Answer
    A. Charged end
    Explanation
    The charged end of a soap molecule dissolves in water because water is a polar molecule, meaning it has a slightly positive end and a slightly negative end. The charged end of the soap molecule is attracted to the slightly positive end of the water molecule, allowing it to dissolve. The carbon chain end, fatty acid end, and double bond end of a soap molecule are nonpolar and therefore do not dissolve in water.

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  • 15. 

    Which of the following does NOT contribute to olive oil's longer shelf life? 

    • Olive has less polyunsaturated fatty acids than other oils

    • Olive oil contains small amounts of polyphenols, and vitamins E and K

    • Olive oil is extracted from olives using using the traditional cold-press method

    • Olive oil contains nitro compunds with triple bonds that aid in its stability

    Correct Answer
    A. Olive oil contains nitro compunds with triple bonds that aid in its stability
    Explanation
    Olive oil's longer shelf life is not contributed by the presence of nitro compounds with triple bonds.

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  • Mar 21, 2023
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  • Feb 14, 2010
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