Diet And Nutrition Advanced - Qp2 - Quiz, Flashcards & Trivia

1. An antibody is a specialised protein produced by the body's immune system to fight foreign bodies such as viruses, bacteria and toxins.

True

False

An antibody is indeed a specialized protein that is produced by the body's immune system to combat foreign bodies like viruses, bacteria, and toxins. It recognizes and binds to specific antigens on these foreign substances, marking them for destruction by other immune cells. This immune response is crucial in defending the body against infections and maintaining overall health.

Explanation

An antibody is indeed a specialized protein that is produced by the body's immune system to combat foreign bodies like viruses, bacteria, and toxins. It recognizes and binds to specific antigens on these foreign substances, marking them for destruction by other immune cells. This immune response is crucial in defending the body against infections and maintaining overall health.

2. IgG stands for __________.

Immunoglobulin (type E)

Immunoglobulin (type G)

Immunoglobulin (type M)

IgG stands for Immunoglobulin (type G). Immunoglobulins are antibodies produced by the immune system to help fight off infections and diseases. There are different types of immunoglobulins, including IgE, IgG, and IgM. IgG is the most abundant type of immunoglobulin in the body and is involved in long-term immunity. It plays a crucial role in recognizing and neutralizing pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, and is also responsible for providing passive immunity to newborns through the placenta.

Explanation

IgG stands for Immunoglobulin (type G). Immunoglobulins are antibodies produced by the immune system to help fight off infections and diseases. There are different types of immunoglobulins, including IgE, IgG, and IgM. IgG is the most abundant type of immunoglobulin in the body and is involved in long-term immunity. It plays a crucial role in recognizing and neutralizing pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, and is also responsible for providing passive immunity to newborns through the placenta.

3. When glucose is obtained from our food, some of it is used as fuel and some is stored in the form of glycogen in the liver as a short-term reservoir of nutrients.

True

False

Glucose obtained from our food is indeed used as fuel for our body's energy needs. Additionally, some of the glucose is stored in the liver as glycogen. This glycogen serves as a short-term reservoir of nutrients that can be readily accessed when our body needs an extra supply of glucose. Therefore, the statement is true.

Explanation

Glucose obtained from our food is indeed used as fuel for our body's energy needs. Additionally, some of the glucose is stored in the liver as glycogen. This glycogen serves as a short-term reservoir of nutrients that can be readily accessed when our body needs an extra supply of glucose. Therefore, the statement is true.

4. The gastrointestinal system is basically a hollow tube approximately 4.5m.

True

False

The statement is true because the gastrointestinal system refers to the organs involved in the digestion and absorption of food, and it is indeed a hollow tube that extends approximately 4.5 meters in length. This tube includes organs such as the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, which are all connected to form a continuous pathway for food to travel through.

Explanation

The statement is true because the gastrointestinal system refers to the organs involved in the digestion and absorption of food, and it is indeed a hollow tube that extends approximately 4.5 meters in length. This tube includes organs such as the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, which are all connected to form a continuous pathway for food to travel through.

5. Insulin is a very powerful hormone with a major role in weight control, and it is for this reason it is known as the 'fat hormone'.

True

False

Insulin plays a crucial role in weight control as it regulates the storage and utilization of glucose in the body. When insulin levels are high, it promotes the storage of excess glucose as fat, leading to weight gain. Additionally, insulin inhibits the breakdown of fat, further contributing to its reputation as the "fat hormone." Therefore, it is accurate to refer to insulin as the "fat hormone" due to its significant impact on weight control.

Explanation

Insulin plays a crucial role in weight control as it regulates the storage and utilization of glucose in the body. When insulin levels are high, it promotes the storage of excess glucose as fat, leading to weight gain. Additionally, insulin inhibits the breakdown of fat, further contributing to its reputation as the "fat hormone." Therefore, it is accurate to refer to insulin as the "fat hormone" due to its significant impact on weight control.

6. It takes about ______ for nutrients to be broken down and begin entering the bloodstream following a meal.

Less than an hour

An hour or more

More than two hours

After a meal, the process of digestion begins in the stomach and continues in the small intestine. The food is broken down into smaller molecules, including nutrients, through the action of enzymes. These nutrients are then absorbed into the bloodstream through the walls of the small intestine. This entire process can take varying amounts of time depending on factors such as the composition of the meal and individual metabolism. Therefore, it is possible for nutrients to start entering the bloodstream within an hour, but it can also take longer, hence the answer "an hour or more".

Explanation

After a meal, the process of digestion begins in the stomach and continues in the small intestine. The food is broken down into smaller molecules, including nutrients, through the action of enzymes. These nutrients are then absorbed into the bloodstream through the walls of the small intestine. This entire process can take varying amounts of time depending on factors such as the composition of the meal and individual metabolism. Therefore, it is possible for nutrients to start entering the bloodstream within an hour, but it can also take longer, hence the answer "an hour or more".

7. Psychologists use the term 'commitment' to describe the driving force behind an action or behaviour.

True

False

Psychologists do not use the term 'commitment' to describe the driving force behind an action or behavior. Instead, they use terms like motivation, intention, or determination to explain the factors that influence behavior. Therefore, the given statement is false.

Explanation

Psychologists do not use the term 'commitment' to describe the driving force behind an action or behavior. Instead, they use terms like motivation, intention, or determination to explain the factors that influence behavior. Therefore, the given statement is false.

8. Food taken in from the mouth must be broken down by ______ into individual molecules.

Amino acids

Hydrochloric acid

Lactic acid

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

9. Match the following statements:

We feel thirsty because special neural cells associated with the central nervous system which are located in the brain, detect this dehydration.

When this happens, the baroreceptors motivate us to drink via the central nervous system.

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10. Match the following statements:

Over time, the cells in the body that need glucose for energy become less sensitive to insulin – in other words, they become insulin-resistant.

It presents with a sudden onset of symptoms, such as sudden weight loss and insatiable thirst, and is caused by a failure of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas to produce insulin.

We also derive pleasure from these substances because of these neuro-chemicals.

Many have vague symptoms, and often several symptoms, with sufferers frequently complaining of feeling tired, bloated and achy.

Reactions to food can vary considerably in their severity, and some can be fatal.

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