Factor Quantitative Research Quiz

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| By Jbunney

Jbunney

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Quizzes Created: 5 | Total Attempts: 806

Questions: 71 | Attempts: 176 | Updated: Mar 21, 2023

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Questions and Answers

1.

A proposed explanation for an observation or clinical problem that can be investigated.

Explanation
A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for an observation or clinical problem that can be investigated. It is an educated guess or prediction that can be tested through experimentation or further research. A hypothesis is an essential part of the scientific method and is used to guide the research process. It helps researchers formulate specific research questions and design experiments to gather evidence and support or refute the hypothesis. By testing the hypothesis, scientists can gain a better understanding of the observed phenomenon and contribute to the body of knowledge in their field.

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2.

For a hypothesis to be a scientific hypotheses the science method requires that it can be tested.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The explanation for the given correct answer is that the scientific method is a systematic approach used by scientists to investigate phenomena and acquire knowledge. One of the key principles of the scientific method is the ability to test hypotheses through experiments or observations. This means that for a hypothesis to be considered scientific, it must be testable and potentially falsifiable. If a hypothesis cannot be tested, it falls outside the realm of science and is considered unscientific. Therefore, the statement that a hypothesis needs to be testable for it to be considered scientific is true.

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3.

A hypothesis needs to do what
- A.
  
  Be testable
- B.
  
  Link two or more variables that are thought to be related
- C.
  
  Make sense
- D.
  
  Be completely new
Correct Answer(s)
A. Be testable
B. Link two or more variables that are thought to be related
C. Make sense

Explanation
A hypothesis needs to be testable in order to be scientifically investigated and proven or disproven. It should also link two or more variables that are thought to be related, as this allows for the formulation of predictions and the identification of cause-and-effect relationships. Additionally, a hypothesis should make sense in the context of existing knowledge and observations. It should be logical and coherent, providing a plausible explanation for the phenomenon being studied. Being completely new is not a requirement for a hypothesis, as it can build upon existing theories and research.

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4.

A set of data that represents only part of the population

Correct Answer(s)
sample

Explanation
A sample is a subset of a larger population that is selected to represent the whole population. It is used in statistical analysis to draw conclusions about the entire population based on the characteristics observed in the sample. By studying a sample, researchers can make inferences and predictions about the entire population. Samples are often used when it is not feasible or practical to collect data from every individual in the population. The answer "sample" accurately describes a set of data that represents only part of the population.

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5.

Consists of all possible individuals who have at least one characteristic in common.

Correct Answer(s)
Population of interest

Explanation
The answer "Population of interest" is correct because it refers to a group of individuals who share at least one common characteristic. This group includes all possible individuals who possess this characteristic, making them the focus of the study or analysis. The term "population of interest" is commonly used in research and statistics to define the specific group that researchers want to study or make inferences about.

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6.

It is not possible to observe every individual in a population so a sample is extracted from the population
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
In large populations, it is often impractical or impossible to observe every individual. Therefore, researchers take a smaller subset of the population, known as a sample, to gather data and make inferences about the larger population. This approach allows for more efficient data collection and analysis while still providing insights into the characteristics and behaviors of the entire population.

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7.

includes all individuals from each constituency in the target population including women and ethnic minorities
- A.
  
  Stratified Sample
- B.
  
  Representative Sample
- C.
  
  Convenience Sample
- D.
  
  Option 4
Correct Answer
B. Representative Sample

Explanation
A representative sample includes all individuals from each constituency in the target population, ensuring that it represents the demographics of the population accurately. This means that it includes women and ethnic minorities, along with other groups, in proportion to their representation in the population. A representative sample is important in obtaining accurate and unbiased results that can be generalized to the entire population.

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8.

The total number of participants included in a study

Correct Answer
sample size

Explanation
The term "sample size" refers to the total number of participants included in a study. It is an important factor in research as it determines the representativeness and generalizability of the findings. A larger sample size generally leads to more reliable and accurate results, as it reduces the likelihood of chance variations and increases the statistical power of the study. In contrast, a smaller sample size may introduce bias and limit the generalizability of the findings to the larger population. Therefore, the sample size is a crucial consideration in research design and analysis.

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9.

The sample size does not matter it does not contribute to the power of a research design
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The statement is false because the sample size does matter and it does contribute to the power of a research design. A larger sample size generally leads to increased statistical power, which refers to the ability of a study to detect a true effect if it exists. With a larger sample size, the study is more likely to accurately represent the population and reduce the impact of random variation, increasing the chances of finding significant results. Therefore, the sample size is an important consideration in research design and can significantly affect the power of a study.

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10.

Used to refer to detect treatment effects when they are present in research studies

Correct Answer
Design sensitivity

Explanation
Design sensitivity refers to the ability of a research study's design to detect treatment effects when they are actually present. In other words, it measures how well the study is able to identify and accurately determine the impact of the treatment being studied. A study with high design sensitivity is more likely to detect and accurately measure treatment effects, while a study with low design sensitivity may fail to detect or accurately measure these effects. Therefore, design sensitivity is crucial in ensuring the validity and reliability of research findings.

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11.

In the pretest-post-test control group design, there are two groups the

Correct Answer
experimental group control group

Explanation
The pretest-post-test control group design involves dividing participants into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group receives the intervention or treatment being tested, while the control group does not. Both groups are assessed before and after the intervention to measure any changes. This design allows researchers to compare the outcomes between the two groups and determine the effectiveness of the intervention by controlling for potential confounding variables.

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12.

Pretest-posttest control group design helps to evaluate the effects of a single treatmetn
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The pretest-posttest control group design is a research design that involves randomly assigning participants to either a treatment group or a control group. Both groups are measured before and after the treatment is administered. This design allows researchers to compare the effects of the treatment by comparing the pretest and posttest scores of both groups. Therefore, it is correct to say that the pretest-posttest control group design helps to evaluate the effects of a single treatment.

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13.

Pretest-Posttest control group design involves
- A.
  
  Having each participant perform a pre and post test
- B.
  
  Randomly selected and assigned to groups
- C.
  
  Evaluates the effect of multiple treatments
- D.
  
  Evaluates the effect of single treatments
Correct Answer(s)
A. Having each participant perform a pre and post test
B. Randomly selected and assigned to groups
D. Evaluates the effect of single treatments

Explanation
Pretest-Posttest control group design involves having each participant perform a pre and post test, which allows for the comparison of the participants' performance before and after the treatment. The participants are randomly selected and assigned to groups to ensure that any differences in the groups' outcomes can be attributed to the treatment rather than other factors. This design evaluates the effect of single treatments because it focuses on comparing the outcomes of the treatment group with the control group that did not receive the treatment.

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14.

Investigators use the _______ design to evaluate the effects of two or more treatments

Correct Answer(s)
multigroup pretest-posttest design

Explanation
The multigroup pretest-posttest design is used by investigators to evaluate the effects of two or more treatments. In this design, multiple groups of participants are randomly assigned to different treatments. They are then tested before and after the treatments to measure any changes in their outcomes. This design allows researchers to compare the effects of different treatments and determine their effectiveness.

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15.

The question that is asked in a multigroup pretest-posttest design is to determine which treatment is more effective.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
In a multigroup pretest-posttest design, the question is indeed asked to determine which treatment is more effective. This design involves dividing participants into different groups, administering a pretest to all groups, applying different treatments to each group, and then administering a posttest to measure the effects of the treatments. By comparing the pretest-posttest scores of each group, researchers can determine which treatment had a greater impact and is therefore more effective. Therefore, the statement "The question that is asked in a multigroup pretest-posttest design is to determine which treatment is more effective" is true.

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16.

Each additional treatment to be evaluated adds another group to the design in a pretest-posttest design
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
In a pretest-posttest design, each additional treatment being evaluated requires the addition of another group to the design. This is because each treatment group needs to be compared to a control group to determine the effectiveness of the treatment. By adding more treatments, more groups are needed to ensure accurate comparisons can be made. Therefore, the statement "Each additional treatment to be evaluated adds another group to the design in a pretest-posttest design" is true.

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17.

What are the advantages of group experimental designs.
- A.
  
  Useful in isolating cause effect relationships
- B.
  
  Strong internal validity
- C.
  
  Extraneous or confounding variables are ruled out
- D.
  
  Easy to randomly draw participants
Correct Answer(s)
A. Useful in isolating cause effect relationships
B. Strong internal validity
C. Extraneous or confounding variables are ruled out

Explanation
Group experimental designs have several advantages. Firstly, they are useful in isolating cause-effect relationships, allowing researchers to determine the impact of a specific variable on the outcome. Secondly, they have strong internal validity, meaning that the results accurately reflect the effects of the manipulated variable. Additionally, these designs help to rule out extraneous or confounding variables, ensuring that the observed effects are not influenced by other factors. Lastly, group experimental designs make it easy to randomly draw participants, which helps to ensure a representative sample and increase the generalizability of the findings.

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18.

What are the disadvantages of group experimental designs
- A.
  
  Not always possible to randomly draw participants from specific populations
- B.
  
  May not extend to individual clients
- C.
  
  Extraneous or confounding variables are ruled out
- D.
  
  Option4
Correct Answer(s)
A. Not always possible to randomly draw participants from specific populations
B. May not extend to individual clients

Explanation
Group experimental designs have several disadvantages. Firstly, it may not always be possible to randomly draw participants from specific populations, which can limit the generalizability of the findings. Secondly, these designs may not extend to individual clients, as the focus is on group-level effects rather than individual differences. Additionally, these designs often rule out extraneous or confounding variables, which may limit the ecological validity of the results. Therefore, these disadvantages highlight the limitations of group experimental designs in terms of participant selection, generalizability, and individual-level analysis.

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19.

ABA design is not the basic single-subject experimental design
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The statement is false because the ABA design is indeed a basic single-subject experimental design. The ABA design involves measuring a baseline phase (A), introducing an intervention or treatment phase (B), and then removing the intervention to measure the return to baseline (A). This design allows researchers to assess the effects of the intervention on the individual subject, making it a fundamental design in single-subject research.

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20.

What are the aspects of ABA designs
- A.
  
  Basic single subject experimental design
- B.
  
  Useful in establishing treatment efficacy
- C.
  
  Letters don not designate the different conditions of an experiment
- D.
  
  Option4
Correct Answer(s)
A. Basic single subject experimental design
B. Useful in establishing treatment efficacy

Explanation
The aspects of ABA designs include basic single subject experimental design and usefulness in establishing treatment efficacy. These designs involve studying individual subjects and measuring the effects of a treatment or intervention. They are particularly helpful in determining whether a specific treatment is effective for a particular individual. The statement that "letters do not designate the different conditions of an experiment" is incorrect and does not accurately describe the aspects of ABA designs.

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21.

___ ____ ____ ____ is an extension of the basic ABA design

Correct Answer(s)
ABAB

Explanation
ABAB is an extension of the basic ABA design. In the ABA design, the researcher observes a baseline phase (A), introduces an intervention phase (B), and then removes the intervention to observe any changes (A). The ABAB design adds another intervention phase (B) after the baseline phase (A) and removes it again to observe the effects. This design allows for a more rigorous assessment of the intervention's effectiveness by demonstrating whether the changes observed during the intervention phase are reversible when the intervention is removed.

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22.

This design is useful in establishing treatment efficacy

Correct Answer(s)
ABAB

Explanation
The ABAB design is useful in establishing treatment efficacy because it involves repeatedly alternating between a baseline phase (A) and a treatment phase (B). By comparing the participant's behavior or response during the baseline phase with their behavior during the treatment phase, researchers can determine if the treatment is effective in producing the desired outcome. This design allows for direct comparison and control, making it a reliable method for evaluating treatment efficacy.

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23.

A single subject design that avoids the disadvantage of treatment withdrawal is the

Correct Answer(s)
multiple baseline design

Explanation
The multiple baseline design is a type of single subject design that avoids the disadvantage of treatment withdrawal. In this design, the treatment is introduced at different times for different subjects or behaviors, allowing for a comparison of the baseline and treatment phases without completely removing the treatment. This design is useful when it is not ethical or practical to withdraw treatment completely, as it allows for the evaluation of treatment effectiveness while still maintaining some level of intervention.

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24.

In a multiple baseline design the effects of treatment are evident when the untreated skills did not change and only the treated skills did
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
In a multiple baseline design, the effects of treatment are evident when the untreated skills did not change and only the treated skills did. This means that the treatment had a specific impact on the targeted skills, while leaving the other skills unaffected. This design is commonly used in research to establish a causal relationship between a treatment and its effects, by demonstrating that changes in the treated skills are not due to other factors. Therefore, the correct answer is true.

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25.

What are the three variations of multiple baseline designs
- A.
  
  Across subjects
- B.
  
  Across settings
- C.
  
  Across behaviors
- D.
  
  Across therapists
Correct Answer(s)
A. Across subjects
B. Across settings
C. Across behaviors

Explanation
The three variations of multiple baseline designs are across subjects, across settings, and across behaviors. These variations involve implementing the intervention or treatment across different subjects, settings, and behaviors in order to assess its effectiveness. By using multiple baselines, researchers can compare the changes in the dependent variable across these different factors and determine if the intervention is effective in producing the desired outcome. This design allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the intervention's impact and helps to establish a causal relationship between the treatment and the observed changes.

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26.

What are related to multiple baseline across subjects designs
- A.
  
  Select a target behavior to be taught to 3 or more participants
- B.
  
  Get baseline in all participants
- C.
  
  Treat one partcipant
- D.
  
  Keep basline on others
- E.
  
  Treat all participants
- F.
  
  Treat the second participant and keep baseline on others
- G.
  
  Alternate between treatment and base rates until all are treated
Correct Answer(s)
A. Select a target behavior to be taught to 3 or more participants
B. Get baseline in all participants
C. Treat one partcipant
D. Keep basline on others
F. Treat the second participant and keep baseline on others
G. Alternate between treatment and base rates until all are treated

Explanation
This answer correctly describes the steps involved in a multiple baseline across subjects design. This design involves selecting a target behavior to be taught to multiple participants, obtaining baseline data for all participants, treating one participant while keeping baseline data for the others, treating the second participant while still keeping baseline data for the others, and continuing to alternate between treatment and baseline data until all participants have been treated. This design allows for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatment across multiple participants.

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27.

In a multiple baseline across settings design
- A.
  
  Obtain base rates in three or more settings
- B.
  
  Teach behavior in one setting
- C.
  
  Keep base rates in other settings
- D.
  
  Teach the behavior in another setting
- E.
  
  Continue to alternate between base rates and teaching in different setting until the behavior is trained in all settings
Correct Answer(s)
A. Obtain base rates in three or more settings
B. Teach behavior in one setting
C. Keep base rates in other settings
D. Teach the behavior in another setting
E. Continue to alternate between base rates and teaching in different setting until the behavior is trained in all settings

Explanation
This is the correct answer because in a multiple baseline across settings design, one obtains base rates of the behavior in multiple settings, teaches the behavior in one setting while keeping the base rates in the other settings unchanged, teaches the behavior in another setting, and continues to alternate between base rates and teaching in different settings until the behavior is trained in all settings. This design allows for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the intervention across multiple settings.

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28.

ensures that each individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample

Correct Answer(s)
simple random sampling

Explanation
Simple random sampling is a method of selecting a sample from a population where each individual has an equal chance of being chosen. This ensures that the sample is representative of the population and reduces the potential for bias. By randomly selecting individuals, it helps to eliminate any systematic patterns or preferences that could influence the results. This method is commonly used in research studies and surveys to obtain a sample that is unbiased and generalizable to the larger population.

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29.

selects participants from the pool of individuals that are available because of their proximity

Correct Answer(s)
convenience sampling

Explanation
Convenience sampling is a method of selecting participants based on their availability and proximity. This means that individuals who are easily accessible and willing to participate are chosen for the study. This sampling technique is often used when it is difficult or impractical to obtain a random or representative sample. It is important to note that convenience sampling may introduce bias into the study, as the sample may not accurately represent the population of interest.

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30.

divides the target population into a number of nonoverlapping subpopulations

Correct Answer(s)
stratafied sampling

Explanation
Stratified sampling is a sampling technique that involves dividing the target population into smaller, nonoverlapping subpopulations called strata. Each stratum represents a specific characteristic or trait of the population. This method ensures that each stratum is adequately represented in the sample, allowing for more accurate and representative results. By dividing the population into strata, stratified sampling helps to reduce sampling bias and increase the precision of the sample estimation.

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31.

What are the advantages of single subject designs
- A.
  
  Clinicians can integrate research and clinical service by using clients they serve
- B.
  
  Help to generalize from research studies to individual clients
- C.
  
  More easily replicated than group design studies
- D.
  
  Cannot be generalized to the population
Correct Answer(s)
A. Clinicians can integrate research and clinical service by using clients they serve
B. Help to generalize from research studies to individual clients
C. More easily replicated than group design studies

Explanation
Single subject designs have several advantages. First, clinicians can integrate research and clinical service by using the clients they serve. This allows for a seamless integration of research and practice, making it easier to apply research findings directly to individual clients. Second, single subject designs help to generalize from research studies to individual clients. By studying individual cases, researchers can gain insights into how interventions may work for different clients with similar characteristics. Finally, single subject designs are more easily replicated than group design studies. This allows for greater confidence in the findings and increases the reliability of the research. However, it is important to note that single subject designs cannot be generalized to the entire population, as they focus on individual cases rather than a larger sample.

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32.

Is [your statement here] true or false?
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The statement provided is true.

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33.

What are the disadvantages of single subject desings
- A.
  
  Results form one or a few studies cannot be generalized to the population
- B.
  
  Not efficient in predicting the behavior profile of groups of individuals
- C.
  
  Investigators need to replicate studies in different settings with different participants
- D.
  
  More easily replicated than group design studies
Correct Answer(s)
A. Results form one or a few studies cannot be generalized to the population
B. Not efficient in predicting the behavior profile of groups of individuals
C. Investigators need to replicate studies in different settings with different participants

Explanation
Single subject designs have several disadvantages. Firstly, results from one or a few studies cannot be generalized to the entire population, limiting the external validity of the findings. Secondly, these designs are not efficient in predicting the behavior profile of groups of individuals, as they focus on individual cases rather than group trends. Additionally, investigators need to replicate studies in different settings with different participants to ensure the reliability and generalizability of their findings. However, single subject designs are more easily replicated than group design studies, which can be seen as an advantage.

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34.

What are Quantitative research aspects:
- A.
  
  Results are presented in numbers or statistics
- B.
  
  Deductive approach
- C.
  
  Inductive approach
- D.
  
  Uses large sample sizes
- E.
  
  Random sampling
- F.
  
  Report individual responses
Correct Answer(s)
A. Results are presented in numbers or statistics
B. Deductive approach
D. Uses large sample sizes
E. Random sampling

Explanation
Quantitative research aspects include presenting results in numbers or statistics, using a deductive approach, using large sample sizes, and employing random sampling. This means that quantitative research focuses on collecting and analyzing numerical data, using a structured and hypothesis-driven approach, using a large number of participants to ensure generalizability, and selecting participants randomly to minimize bias.

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35.

Which have to do with qualitative research
- A.
  
  Inductive approach to planning research
- B.
  
  Uses smaller samples
- C.
  
  Uses large group samples
- D.
  
  Report group statistics
- E.
  
  Prefers word yielding measures such as unstructured interviews
Correct Answer(s)
A. Inductive approach to planning research
B. Uses smaller samples
E. Prefers word yielding measures such as unstructured interviews

Explanation
The correct answer is "inductive approach to planning research, uses smaller samples, prefers word yielding measures such as unstructured interviews." These options are all characteristics of qualitative research. Qualitative research typically uses an inductive approach, which means that theories and hypotheses are developed based on the data collected. It also often uses smaller samples compared to quantitative research, as the focus is on understanding the experiences and perspectives of individuals rather than generalizing to a larger population. Qualitative research also prefers word yielding measures such as unstructured interviews, as it aims to capture rich and detailed information from participants.

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36.

When little is known about a problem you should use qualitative research
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
When little is known about a problem, qualitative research is preferred because it allows for a deeper understanding of the issue. Qualitative research involves gathering non-numerical data through methods such as interviews, observations, and focus groups. This approach helps to explore and gain insights into the problem, as well as generate hypotheses for further investigation. It is particularly useful when the problem is complex, multifaceted, or when there is a need to understand the perspectives and experiences of individuals involved. Quantitative research, on the other hand, is more suitable when there is a need for statistical analysis and generalization of findings.

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37.

When a group belongs to a social group that is closed off one should use quantitative measures
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
When a group belongs to a social group that is closed off, it is more appropriate to use qualitative measures rather than quantitative measures. Qualitative measures focus on understanding the subjective experiences, meanings, and interpretations of individuals within the group. This is important in closed-off social groups as it allows researchers to gain a deeper understanding of the social dynamics, norms, and values that shape the group's behavior. Quantitative measures, on the other hand, rely on numerical data and statistical analysis, which may not capture the nuanced aspects of closed-off social groups. Therefore, the correct answer is false.

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38.

The quantitative approach should be used if direct observation is not possible
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The quantitative approach should be used if direct observation is not possible because it allows for the collection and analysis of numerical data. This approach involves using surveys, questionnaires, or experiments to gather information and then using statistical methods to analyze the data. It is useful when studying large populations or when it is not feasible to directly observe or measure certain variables. By relying on numerical data, the quantitative approach provides a systematic and objective way to study and understand phenomena.

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39.

When time or money is a factor quantitative research should be used
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
When time or money is a factor, quantitative research should be used because it allows for large-scale data collection and analysis, which can be done relatively quickly and at a lower cost compared to qualitative research. Quantitative research involves the use of surveys, questionnaires, and statistical analysis to gather numerical data and draw conclusions. This type of research provides statistical evidence and allows for generalization of findings to a larger population. Therefore, when time or budget constraints are present, quantitative research is a more efficient and cost-effective approach.

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40.

A researcher must identify a research topic or interest and then seek individuals that have relevant information

Correct Answer
Purposive sampling

Explanation
Purposive sampling is a method used in research to select participants based on specific criteria that align with the research topic or interest. In this case, the researcher wants to identify a research topic or interest and then find individuals who possess relevant information. By using purposive sampling, the researcher can intentionally select participants who have the necessary knowledge or expertise to contribute to the research. This method ensures that the sample is targeted and representative of the research focus, increasing the likelihood of obtaining valuable and meaningful data.

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41.

When there are a number of criteria to be applied in the selection of a sample the sampling technique is more properly called ____ ______ _________

Correct Answer
Purposive criterion sampling

Explanation
Purposive criterion sampling is the appropriate term when multiple criteria are used to select a sample. This technique involves deliberately selecting individuals or cases that meet specific criteria relevant to the research objective. It allows researchers to focus on specific characteristics or attributes that are important for the study, ensuring that the sample represents the desired population and provides valuable insights into the research question.

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42.

There should be an interview protocol consisting of written directions for conduction the interview as well as standard set of predetermined questions to be asked to all participants with a semistructured interview
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
- C.
  
  Option3
- D.
  
  Option4
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The statement suggests that an interview protocol should include written directions for conducting the interview and a standard set of predetermined questions to be asked to all participants. This indicates that the interview should follow a semi-structured format, where there is a balance between open-ended and closed-ended questions. This approach allows for flexibility in exploring participants' responses while also ensuring consistency in the interview process. Therefore, the answer "True" is correct.

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43.

Most widely used measure for collecting data for qualitative research

Correct Answer
semistructured interviews

Explanation
Semistructured interviews are the most widely used measure for collecting data in qualitative research. These interviews provide researchers with a flexible framework that allows for open-ended questions and follow-up probes, while also maintaining some structure and consistency. This approach allows participants to express their thoughts and experiences in their own words, providing rich and detailed data. Semistructured interviews are particularly useful when exploring complex and sensitive topics, as they allow for in-depth exploration while still providing some guidance to ensure relevant information is obtained.

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44.

Semistructured refers to the fact that the interviewer does not need to ask only the predetermined questions.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Semistructured interviews allow the interviewer to ask both predetermined questions and additional questions that arise during the conversation. This flexibility allows for a more natural and dynamic interview process, as the interviewer can delve deeper into certain topics or explore new avenues of discussion based on the respondent's answers. Therefore, the statement that semistructured interviews do not require only predetermined questions is correct.

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45.

Usually consists of 6 to 12 participants who are gathered to discuss a topic. Lasts for about an hour and is led by a facilitator.

Correct Answer
Focus Group

Explanation
A focus group is a small gathering of individuals, typically ranging from 6 to 12 participants, who are brought together to discuss a specific topic. The purpose of a focus group is to gather qualitative data and insights by encouraging open and honest discussions among the participants. These sessions are usually led by a facilitator who guides the conversation and ensures that everyone has an opportunity to share their thoughts. The duration of a focus group is typically around an hour, allowing enough time for in-depth discussions and exploration of different perspectives.

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46.

What does the facilitator do in a focus group
- A.
  
  Describes the task at hand
- B.
  
  Create nonthreatening environment
- C.
  
  Has predetermined set of questions
- D.
  
  Probes for additional question when needed
Correct Answer(s)
A. Describes the task at hand
B. Create nonthreatening environment
C. Has predetermined set of questions
D. Probes for additional question when needed

Explanation
The facilitator in a focus group plays several roles. Firstly, they describe the task at hand to the participants, ensuring that everyone understands what is expected of them. Secondly, they create a nonthreatening environment, making the participants feel comfortable and encouraging open discussion. Thirdly, the facilitator has a predetermined set of questions that they ask the participants to gather specific information. Lastly, the facilitator also probes for additional questions when needed, allowing for deeper exploration of certain topics.

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47.

Ethnography refers to the focus of cultural issues
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Ethnography is a research method used in anthropology and sociology to study and understand different cultures. It involves immersing oneself in a particular culture, observing and interacting with its members, and documenting their beliefs, behaviors, and social structures. Therefore, it is accurate to say that ethnography focuses on cultural issues.

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48.

Researchers that use observational methods are not refereed to as field researchers
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
Field researchers are actually the researchers who use observational methods in their studies. They conduct their research in natural settings, such as forests, deserts, or communities, rather than in controlled laboratory environments. These researchers directly observe and record data without manipulating variables. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

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49.

An inductive method of analysis from which theories of behavior can emerge

Correct Answer
Grounded Theory

Explanation
Grounded Theory is an inductive method of analysis that allows theories of behavior to emerge from the data. It involves systematically collecting and analyzing data, and then generating concepts and theories based on patterns and themes identified in the data. This approach is particularly useful when studying complex social phenomena, as it allows researchers to develop theories that are grounded in the data itself, rather than imposing pre-existing theories onto the data. Grounded Theory is often used in qualitative research to gain a deep understanding of the social processes and interactions that shape human behavior.

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4
50.

Having qualitative researchers start with data and develop theories based on data is part of grounded in the data.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Grounded theory is an approach used in qualitative research where researchers start with the data and develop theories based on the patterns and themes that emerge from the data. This approach emphasizes the importance of letting the data guide the research process, rather than starting with preconceived theories or hypotheses. Therefore, the statement that having qualitative researchers start with data and develop theories based on data is part of grounded in the data is true.

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Current Version
Mar 21, 2023

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Apr 06, 2014

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Factor Quantitative Research Quiz

A proposed explanation for an observation or clinical problem that can be investigated.

For a hypothesis to be a scientific hypotheses the science method requires that it can be tested.

A hypothesis needs to do what

A set of data that represents only part of the population

Consists of all possible individuals who have at least one characteristic in common.

It is not possible to observe every individual in a population so a sample is extracted from the population

includes all individuals from each constituency in the target population including women and ethnic minorities

The total number of participants included in a study

The sample size does not matter it does not contribute to the power of a research design

Used to refer to detect treatment effects when they are present in research studies

In the pretest-post-test control group design, there are two groups the

Pretest-posttest control group design helps to evaluate the effects of a single treatmetn

Pretest-Posttest control group design involves

Investigators use the _______ design to evaluate the effects of two or more treatments

The question that is asked in a multigroup pretest-posttest design is to determine which treatment is more effective.

Each additional treatment to be evaluated adds another group to the design in a pretest-posttest design

What are the advantages of group experimental designs.

What are the disadvantages of group experimental designs

ABA design is not the basic single-subject experimental design

What are the aspects of ABA designs

___ ____ ____ ____ is an extension of the basic ABA design

This design is useful in establishing treatment efficacy

A single subject design that avoids the disadvantage of treatment withdrawal is the

In a multiple baseline design the effects of treatment are evident when the untreated skills did not change and only the treated skills did

What are the three variations of multiple baseline designs

What are related to multiple baseline across subjects designs

In a multiple baseline across settings design

ensures that each individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample

selects participants from the pool of individuals that are available because of their proximity

divides the target population into a number of nonoverlapping subpopulations

What are the advantages of single subject designs

Is [your statement here] true or false?

What are the disadvantages of single subject desings

What are Quantitative research aspects:

Which have to do with qualitative research

When little is known about a problem you should use qualitative research

When a group belongs to a social group that is closed off one should use quantitative measures

The quantitative approach should be used if direct observation is not possible

When time or money is a factor quantitative research should be used

A researcher must identify a research topic or interest and then seek individuals that have relevant information

When there are a number of criteria to be applied in the selection of a sample the sampling technique is more properly called ____ ______ _________

There should be an interview protocol consisting of written directions for conduction the interview as well as standard set of predetermined questions to be asked to all participants with a semistructured interview

Most widely used measure for collecting data for qualitative research

Semistructured refers to the fact that the interviewer does not need to ask only the predetermined questions.

Usually consists of 6 to 12 participants who are gathered to discuss a topic. Lasts for about an hour and is led by a facilitator.

What does the facilitator do in a focus group

Ethnography refers to the focus of cultural issues

Researchers that use observational methods are not refereed to as field researchers

An inductive method of analysis from which theories of behavior can emerge

Having qualitative researchers start with data and develop theories based on data is part of grounded in the data.

_ __ is an extension of the basic ABA design

When there are a number of criteria to be applied in the selection of a sample the sampling technique is more properly called _______