Unit 2 Cell Biology Review
- 1.
The enzyme invertase is usually found outside the cells of yeast. the enzyme also has 3 carbohydrates on it. In a particular mutant strain, the carbohydrates are present, but the enzyme is found in the rough ER instead of outside the cell. This mutant is defective in
- A.
Transport from Rough ER to Smooth Er
- B.
Transport from Golgi to the outer membrane
- C.
Transport from the Rough ER to Golgi
- D.
Transport from Rough ER to lysosomes
Correct Answer
C. Transport from the Rough ER to GolgiExplanation
Since the protein is "stuck" in the rough ER, it can not get to the Golgi which is the usual next destinationRate this question:
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- 2.
Glucose transporters are found in the outer membranes of yeast cells. These proteins have a chain of 5 carbohydrates on them. You have a mutant strain that, like the strain in question 19 has a transport problem. Like the strain in question 19, the protein stays in the Rough ER. However, this protein has 3 carbohydrates on it, not 5. From this data we can conclude
- A.
The additional 2 carbohydrates are normally put on in the Golgi
- B.
The additional 2 carbohydrates are put on in the ER and are needed to get to the Golgi
- C.
The additional 2 carbohydrates are not needed for transport
- D.
We can not conclude any of the above
Correct Answer
D. We can not conclude any of the aboveExplanation
This data does not distinguish between possibilities 1 and 2; both are possible. The carbohydrates could be needed to get the protein to the ER, but we can not prove that from the data (statement 3 is possible, but not proven from the data).Rate this question:
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- 3.
Tertiary structure uses the following types of bonds?
- A.
Hydrogen
- B.
Ionic
- C.
Disulfide brdiges
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Tertiary structure involves several types of bonding between R groups. It also involves hydrophobic interactions between R groups.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which type of structure involves interactions between subunits?
- A.
Quatenary
- B.
Tertiary
- C.
Secondary
- D.
Primary
Correct Answer
A. QuatenaryExplanation
Proteins like hemoglobin, which has 4 subunits, use the same type of bonds used in tertiary structure to connect the different polypeptides in a quatenary structureRate this question:
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- 5.
Which type a structure only uses covalent bonds?
- A.
Secondary
- B.
Primary
- C.
Quatenary
- D.
Tertiary
Correct Answer
B. PrimaryExplanation
The primary structure is the sequence of amino acids joined by covalent peptide bonds.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which type of structure involves only hydrogen bonds?
- A.
Primary
- B.
Quatenary
- C.
Secondary
- D.
Tertiary
Correct Answer
C. SecondaryExplanation
Beta pleated sheets and alpha helices are due to hydrogen bonds between the backbone parts of the amino acidsRate this question:
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- 7.
- A.
The molecule shown is used mainly for energy
- B.
The molecule shown is part of a membrane
- C.
The molecule shown helps transport ions
- D.
The molecule shown has no biological function
Correct Answer
B. The molecule shown is part of a membraneExplanation
Phospholipids are the major membrane componentRate this question:
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- 8.
- A.
The molecule shown is a fatty acid
- B.
The molecule shown is a fat
- C.
The molecule shown is a phospholipid
- D.
The molecule shown is a steroid
Correct Answer
C. The molecule shown is a pHospHolipidExplanation
Phospholipids have 2 fatty acid tails and a phosphate groupRate this question:
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- 9.
Which type of organism would have problems in isotonic media?
- A.
Animal
- B.
Plant
- C.
Animal and Plant
- D.
Neither Plant nor Animal
Correct Answer
B. PlantExplanation
Animal cells do well in hypotonic media since there is no loss of water. However plants will wilt because there is not sufficient turgor pressure on the cell wall.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Click on the URL http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tSJ0LnOHpTw The type of transport shown in the video is
- A.
Osmosis
- B.
Facilitated diffusion
- C.
Endocytosis
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Facilitated diffusionExplanation
Facilitated diffusion involves proteinsRate this question:
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- 11.
An organism has an arrhythmic heart. This might be due to a defect in
- A.
Gap Junctions
- B.
Anchoring Junctions
- C.
Tight Junctions
- D.
Ribosomes
Correct Answer
A. Gap JunctionsExplanation
Gap junctions are needed for cell communication and help synchronize heart beatsRate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following involves receptor mediated endocytosis?
- A.
Vesicles releasing neurotransmitters
- B.
Liquids being taken up from the surrounding fluids
- C.
Ldl being taken up by blood vessel cells
- D.
White blood cells eating bacteria
Correct Answer
C. Ldl being taken up by blood vessel cellsExplanation
Receptor mediated endocytosis involves the uptake of specific compounds into cells using membrane vesicles..Rate this question:
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- 13.
Lipids get made in
- A.
The Golgi
- B.
Ribosomes
- C.
Rough ER
- D.
Smooth ER
Correct Answer
D. Smooth ERExplanation
The smooth ER helps makes lipids and detoxifies compounds such as alcoholsRate this question:
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- 14.
Cilia are made of
- A.
Microtubules
- B.
Actin
- C.
Intermediate filaments
- D.
Anchoring Junctions
Correct Answer
A. MicrotubulesExplanation
Cilia and Flagella have the same arrangement of microtubuolesRate this question:
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- 15.
Microvilli are thin finger like projections found in intestines and other cells. They are made from
- A.
Microtubules
- B.
Actin
- C.
Intermediate filaments
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. ActinExplanation
Microvilli are made from microfilaments (actin)Rate this question:
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- 16.
- A.
The image above was made using Scanning Electron Microscopy
- B.
The image above was made using Transmission Electron Micrscopy
- C.
The image above was made using a light microscope
- D.
The image above was made using the antibody method
Correct Answer
B. The image above was made using Transmission Electron MicrscopyExplanation
TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) is used to view sections. One could not see this using a light microscope.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Red blood cells are usually disc shaped. You hypothesize that microfilaments are needed for this shape. Giving cells cytocholasin, a drug that interferes with actin function causes the cells to be spherical. Giving these cells taxol, a drug that interferes with microtubule function has no effect. From these results one can conclude
- A.
Cytocholasin is needed for normal cell shape
- B.
Microtubules are needed for normal cell shape
- C.
Microfilaments are needed for normal cell shape
- D.
. Intermediate filaments have no role in cell shape
Correct Answer
C. Microfilaments are needed for normal cell shapeExplanation
The drug interferes with actin (microfilaments) thus preventing normal disc shapeRate this question:
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- 18.
A control in the above experiment would be
- A.
Red blood cells given no drugs
- B.
Red Blood Cells given taxol
- C.
Red Blood Cells given cytocholasin
- D.
Normally round cells given cytocholasin
Correct Answer
A. Red blood cells given no drugsExplanation
To show that the drug had the effect, you would need to show that not giving the drug had no effect on cell shape. (If the media was slightly hyptonic, the cells might also turn round.)Rate this question:
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- 19.
A genetic defect in a protein that helps actin fibers form results in low mobility for white blood cells. This is because
- A.
People with the defect get frequent infections
- B.
The cells use a myosin based movement mechanism
- C.
White blood cells help kill bacteria
- D.
Sperm use a flagella based mechanism for movement
Correct Answer
B. The cells use a myosin based movement mechanismExplanation
All of the above are true but only the fact that the cells use a myosin (and therefore actin) based movement method explain why these cells can not move well.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Histone are proteins that are usually found in the nucleus. A mutant histone protein is found in the cytoplasm instead. Analysis of the protein shows that it is missing it's first 3 amino acids. You can explain this result by saying
- A.
The histone is missing a signal sequence needed to get into the cytoplasm
- B.
The histone is missing a signal sequence needed to get into the nucleus
- C.
HIstones are part of the ER complex which is needed to sort proteins
- D.
The first few amino acids are needed for the ribosome to make the protein.
Correct Answer
A. The histone is missing a signal sequence needed to get into the cytoplasmExplanation
Proteins destined for like the mitochondria, the nucleus, or the membrane have amino acid signal sequences that help get them to right part of the cell.Rate this question:
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Mar 18, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Feb 20, 2014Quiz Created by
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