Ch 6 General Anatomy And Physiology
Virginia Cosmetology State Board Theory Practice
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The basic unit of all living things is the:
- A.
Anatomy
- B.
Cell
- C.
Muscle
- D.
Nerve
Correct Answer
B. CellExplanation
The basic unit of all living things is the cell. Cells are the smallest structural and functional units of organisms, capable of carrying out all the necessary processes of life. They are responsible for the growth, development, and maintenance of living organisms. Cells are composed of various components, including a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material. Each cell has specific functions and can specialize to perform specific tasks in multicellular organisms. Therefore, the cell is the fundamental building block of life.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The dense active protoplasm found in the center of the cell is
- A.
Cytoplasm
- B.
Cell membrane
- C.
Nucleus
- D.
Chromatid
Correct Answer
C. NucleusExplanation
The correct answer is nucleus. The nucleus is the dense active protoplasm found in the center of the cell. It is responsible for controlling all the activities of the cell and contains the genetic material, DNA. The cytoplasm refers to the entire contents of the cell outside of the nucleus. The cell membrane is the outer boundary of the cell that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. Chromatid refers to one of the two identical copies of DNA that make up a chromosome.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Human cells reproduce by mitosis, dividing into two identical cells called:
- A.
Mother cells
- B.
Daughter cells
- C.
Father cells
- D.
Son cells
Correct Answer
B. Daughter cellsExplanation
During mitosis, a type of cell division, a single cell divides into two identical cells. These identical cells are called daughter cells. They inherit the same genetic material as the mother cell and have the same characteristics. The term "daughter cells" accurately describes the outcome of cell division in mitosis.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The ___________ is the protoplasm of a cell except for the protoplasm in the nucleus.
- A.
Cystine
- B.
Neuron
- C.
Cytoplasm
- D.
Mandible
Correct Answer
C. CytoplasmExplanation
Cytoplasm is the correct answer because it refers to the protoplasm of a cell excluding the nucleus. The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance that fills the cell and contains various organelles, such as mitochondria and ribosomes, which carry out different cellular functions. It is responsible for supporting the organelles, facilitating cellular processes, and providing a medium for chemical reactions to occur. Cystine, neuron, and mandible are unrelated to the protoplasm of a cell and therefore not the correct answers.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The chemical process through which cells are nourished and carry out their activities is called:
- A.
Metabolism
- B.
Mitosis
- C.
Meiosis
- D.
Respiration
Correct Answer
A. MetabolismExplanation
Metabolism refers to the chemical reactions that occur within cells to convert food into energy and other necessary molecules for cell functioning. It involves both the breakdown of complex molecules (catabolism) to release energy and the synthesis of new molecules (anabolism) for growth and repair. This process is essential for the nourishment and proper functioning of cells, allowing them to carry out their activities and maintain homeostasis. Mitosis and meiosis are cell division processes, while respiration is the process of converting oxygen and glucose into energy.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The constructive phase of metabolism is called:
- A.
Anabolism
- B.
Catabolism
- C.
Mitosis
- D.
Meiosis
Correct Answer
A. AnabolismExplanation
Anabolism refers to the constructive phase of metabolism where complex molecules are built from simpler ones. It involves processes such as protein synthesis, DNA replication, and the storage of energy in molecules like glycogen and fat. This phase requires energy input and is responsible for the growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues. Catabolism, on the other hand, is the destructive phase of metabolism where complex molecules are broken down to release energy. Mitosis and meiosis are not related to metabolism but are processes involved in cell division.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which type of tissue contacts and move various parts of the body?
- A.
Nerve tissue
- B.
Muscle tissue
- C.
Connective tissue
- D.
Epithelial tissue
Correct Answer
B. Muscle tissueExplanation
Muscle tissue is responsible for contacting and moving various parts of the body. It is composed of specialized cells called muscle fibers that have the ability to contract and generate force. This allows muscle tissue to produce movement in the body, whether it is the contraction of skeletal muscles for voluntary movement, the contraction of smooth muscles in organs for involuntary movement, or the contraction of cardiac muscle in the heart for pumping blood.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which type of tissue lines the heart and the digestive and respiratory organs?
- A.
Nerve tissue
- B.
Muscle tissue
- C.
Connective tissue
- D.
Epithelial tissue
Correct Answer
D. Epithelial tissueExplanation
Epithelial tissue lines the heart, digestive, and respiratory organs. Epithelial tissue is composed of tightly packed cells that form a protective barrier and serve various functions such as absorption, secretion, and filtration. It covers the inner and outer surfaces of organs, providing a smooth and continuous lining. This tissue type is essential for maintaining the integrity and function of these organs, as it protects them from mechanical damage, pathogens, and chemical substances. Therefore, epithelial tissue is the correct answer for the given question.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The connection between two or more bones is called a:
- A.
Ligament
- B.
Joint
- C.
Tendon
- D.
Muscle
Correct Answer
B. JointExplanation
A joint is the correct answer because it refers to the connection between two or more bones. Joints allow movement and flexibility in the body, and they can be found throughout the skeletal system. Ligaments, tendons, and muscles are all related to the musculoskeletal system, but they do not specifically refer to the connection between bones. Ligaments connect bone to bone, tendons connect muscle to bone, and muscles are responsible for movement.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The ____________ is the larger of the two bones that form the leg below the knee.
- A.
Patella
- B.
Fibula
- C.
Tibia
- D.
Femur
Correct Answer
C. TibiaExplanation
The tibia is the larger of the two bones that form the leg below the knee. It is commonly known as the shinbone and is located on the inner side of the leg. The tibia plays a crucial role in weight-bearing and provides support and stability to the lower leg. It is responsible for transmitting forces from the thigh to the foot, allowing for movement and locomotion. The fibula, on the other hand, is the smaller bone located on the outer side of the leg and is not involved in weight-bearing. The patella is a small bone located in the front of the knee, while the femur is the thigh bone and is located above the knee.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The oval, bony case that protects the brain is the:
- A.
Cranium
- B.
Facial skeleton
- C.
Hyoid bone
- D.
Thorax
Correct Answer
A. CraniumExplanation
The correct answer is cranium. The cranium is the oval, bony case that protects the brain. It is made up of several bones that are fused together, forming a strong and sturdy structure. The cranium plays a vital role in safeguarding the brain from any external injuries or trauma.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The maxillae bones form the:
- A.
Lower jaw
- B.
Upper jaw
- C.
Upper arm
- D.
Forearm
Correct Answer
B. Upper jawExplanation
The maxillae bones are located in the upper jaw. These bones are responsible for forming the majority of the upper jaw, including the hard palate and the floor of the nasal cavity. They also house the upper teeth and play a crucial role in facial structure and function, such as chewing and speech.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The two bones that form the sides and crown (top) of the cranium are the:
- A.
Parietal bones
- B.
Occipital bones
- C.
Lacrimal bones
- D.
Zygomatic bones
Correct Answer
A. Parietal bonesExplanation
The parietal bones are the correct answer because they are the two bones that form the sides and crown (top) of the cranium. These bones are located on the sides of the skull, and they join together at the top of the head to form the sagittal suture. The parietal bones play a crucial role in protecting the brain and providing structural support to the skull.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The inner and larger bone in the forearm, attached to that writed and located on the side of the little finger is the:
- A.
Carpus
- B.
Ulna
- C.
Metacarpus
- D.
Radius
Correct Answer
B. UlnaExplanation
The ulna is the correct answer because it is the larger bone in the forearm and is located on the side of the little finger. The ulna is one of the two bones in the forearm, the other being the radius. The ulna is responsible for forming the elbow joint and provides stability and support to the forearm.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The foot is made up of ________ bones.
- A.
6
- B.
11
- C.
18
- D.
26
Correct Answer
D. 26Explanation
The foot is made up of 26 bones.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which muscles are also known as the smooth muscles?
- A.
Nonstriated muscles
- B.
Cardiac muscles
- C.
Striated muscles
- D.
Trapezius muscles
Correct Answer
A. Nonstriated musclesExplanation
Smooth muscles, also known as nonstriated muscles, are the correct answer. These muscles are characterized by their smooth appearance under a microscope, lacking the striped or striated pattern seen in other types of muscles. Smooth muscles are involuntary muscles found in various organs and structures in the body, such as the walls of blood vessels, digestive tract, and respiratory system. They play a crucial role in processes like digestion, blood flow regulation, and breathing.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The part of the muscle that does not move is the:
- A.
Belly
- B.
Insertion
- C.
Origin
- D.
Tendon
Correct Answer
C. OriginExplanation
The origin refers to the part of a muscle that remains fixed or stationary during contraction. It is typically located at the proximal end of the muscle, closest to the center of the body. While the belly of the muscle contracts and shortens, the origin remains stable, allowing for movement of the muscle's insertion point. The tendon, on the other hand, is a tough band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone, and it is not directly involved in muscle movement.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The broad muscle that covers the top of the head is the:
- A.
Temporal
- B.
Epicranius
- C.
Deltoid
- D.
Occipital
Correct Answer
B. EpicraniusExplanation
The epicranius is the broad muscle that covers the top of the head. It is composed of two muscles, the frontalis and the occipitalis, which are connected by a tendon called the galea aponeurotica. The frontalis muscle is responsible for raising the eyebrows and wrinkling the forehead, while the occipitalis muscle helps to retract the scalp. Together, these muscles form a broad, sheet-like structure that covers the top of the head. The temporal muscle is located on the side of the head, the deltoid muscle is found in the shoulder region, and the occipital refers to the back of the head.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The __________ are the muscles that straighten the wrist, hand and fingers to form a straight line.
- A.
Extensors
- B.
Pronators
- C.
Supinators
- D.
Flexors
Correct Answer
A. ExtensorsExplanation
The correct answer is extensors. The extensors are the muscles responsible for straightening the wrist, hand, and fingers, allowing them to form a straight line. These muscles work in opposition to the flexor muscles, which are responsible for bending the wrist, hand, and fingers. Pronators and supinators are muscles responsible for rotating the forearm, not for straightening the wrist, hand, and fingers.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The muscles at the base of the fingers that draw the fingers together are the:
- A.
Flexors
- B.
Abductors
- C.
Extensors
- D.
Adductors
Correct Answer
D. AdductorsExplanation
The muscles at the base of the fingers that draw the fingers together are called adductors. These muscles are responsible for bringing the fingers closer to each other, towards the midline of the hand. They play a crucial role in various hand movements, such as grasping objects or making a fist. Flexors, on the other hand, are muscles that bend the fingers, while abductors move the fingers away from each other. Extensors are responsible for straightening the fingers.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The system of nerves that carries impulses or messages to and from the central nervous system is called the:
- A.
Involuntary nervous system
- B.
Voluntary nervous system
- C.
Autonomic nerve system
- D.
Peripheral nervous system
Correct Answer
D. PeripHeral nervous systemExplanation
The peripheral nervous system is responsible for carrying impulses or messages to and from the central nervous system. It includes all the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, connecting the central nervous system to the rest of the body. The peripheral nervous system controls voluntary movements, such as moving limbs, as well as involuntary actions, such as regulating heart rate and digestion.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Sensory nerve endings called ____________ are located close to the surface of the skin.
- A.
Reactors
- B.
Receptors
- C.
Capillaries
- D.
Aural neurons
Correct Answer
B. ReceptorsExplanation
Sensory nerve endings called receptors are located close to the surface of the skin. These receptors are responsible for detecting various sensory stimuli such as touch, pressure, temperature, and pain. They transmit these signals to the brain, allowing us to perceive and respond to our environment.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The largest artery in the human body is the:
- A.
Jugular
- B.
Ventricle
- C.
Aorta
- D.
Carotid
Correct Answer
C. AortaExplanation
The aorta is the largest artery in the human body. It originates from the left ventricle of the heart and carries oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body. It is responsible for supplying blood to all organs and tissues. The jugular and carotid arteries are important blood vessels, but they are not as large as the aorta. The ventricle is a chamber of the heart, not an artery.Rate this question:
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- 24.
The main blood supply of the arms and hands are the:
- A.
Facial and superficial arteries
- B.
Ulnar and radial arterias
- C.
Radial and posterior arteries
- D.
Ulnar and external jugular arteries
Correct Answer
B. Ulnar and radial arteriasExplanation
The correct answer is ulnar and radial arteries. The ulnar artery is responsible for supplying blood to the medial side of the forearm and hand, while the radial artery supplies blood to the lateral side. These arteries are the main blood supply for the arms and hands, providing oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removing waste products. The other options mentioned are not the primary blood supply for the arms and hands.Rate this question:
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- 25.
The ____________ is the primary nasal muscle of concern to cosmetologists.
- A.
Platysmua
- B.
Procerus
- C.
Popliteal
- D.
Pronator
Correct Answer
B. ProcerusExplanation
The procerus muscle is the primary nasal muscle of concern to cosmetologists. This muscle is located between the eyebrows and plays a significant role in facial expressions, particularly in wrinkling the skin on the bridge of the nose and pulling the eyebrows downward. Cosmetologists often focus on this muscle when performing procedures such as Botox injections or other cosmetic treatments to improve the appearance of the nose and forehead area.Rate this question:
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- 26.
The mental nerve affects the skin of the:
- A.
Lower eyelid, side of the nose, upper lip, and mouth
- B.
Nose
- C.
Forehead, scalp, eyebrow, and upper eyelid
- D.
Lower lip and chin
Correct Answer
D. Lower lip and chinExplanation
The mental nerve is a branch of the trigeminal nerve that supplies sensation to the lower lip and chin. It does not affect the skin of the lower eyelid, side of the nose, upper lip, and mouth, as stated in the other options.Rate this question:
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- 27.
The ________ cranial nerve is the chief motor nerve of the face.
- A.
Fourth
- B.
Fifth
- C.
Sixth
- D.
Seventh
Correct Answer
D. SeventhExplanation
The seventh cranial nerve, also known as the facial nerve, is the chief motor nerve of the face. It controls the muscles of facial expression, allowing us to smile, frown, and make other facial movements. It also innervates the muscles involved in closing the eyelids and controlling the secretion of tears and saliva. Damage to the seventh cranial nerve can result in facial weakness or paralysis on one side of the face.Rate this question:
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- 28.
The greater occipital nerve is located at the _________ of the head and affects the scalp as far up as the top of the head.
- A.
Top
- B.
Back
- C.
Left side
- D.
Right sid
Correct Answer
B. BackExplanation
The greater occipital nerve is located at the back of the head and affects the scalp as far up as the top of the head. This nerve is responsible for providing sensation to the back of the scalp, so any issues or conditions affecting this nerve can cause pain or discomfort in that area.Rate this question:
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- 29.
The median nerve supplies impulses to the:
- A.
Front of the arm
- B.
Front of the leg
- C.
Back of the leg
- D.
Back of the arm
Correct Answer
B. Front of the legExplanation
The correct answer is "front of the leg" because the median nerve is a major nerve in the upper limb that runs down the arm and forearm, but it does not extend into the leg. The median nerve primarily innervates the muscles in the front of the forearm and hand, as well as providing sensation to the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and half of the ring finger. It does not supply impulses to the back of the leg or the back of the arm.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Valves are structures that temporarily close a passage or permit blood flow in:
- A.
All directions
- B.
Only two directions
- C.
Only one direction
- D.
Only three directions
Correct Answer
C. Only one directionExplanation
Valves are structures in the body that allow for the regulation of blood flow. They are designed to open and close in response to pressure changes, allowing blood to flow in only one direction. This ensures that blood moves efficiently through the circulatory system, preventing backflow and maintaining proper circulation.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Deoxygenated blood flows from the body into the:
- A.
Left atrium
- B.
Right atrium
- C.
Left ventricle
- D.
Right ventricle
Correct Answer
B. Right atriumExplanation
Deoxygenated blood flows from the body into the right atrium. The right atrium receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cava, which carry deoxygenated blood from the upper and lower parts of the body, respectively. From the right atrium, the blood is then pumped into the right ventricle, which contracts to send the blood to the lungs for oxygenation. Therefore, the correct answer is right atrium.Rate this question:
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- 32.
White blood cells are also known as:
- A.
Leukocytes
- B.
Hemoglobins
- C.
Platelets
- D.
Capillaries
Correct Answer
A. LeukocytesExplanation
White blood cells, also known as leukocytes, are a crucial part of the immune system. They help to defend the body against infections and diseases by attacking and destroying harmful pathogens. Leukocytes are produced in the bone marrow and circulate throughout the body via the bloodstream. They are responsible for recognizing and eliminating foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. Platelets, on the other hand, are responsible for blood clotting, while hemoglobins are the molecules that carry oxygen in red blood cells. Capillaries are tiny blood vessels that connect arteries and veins.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Blood __________ the body's temperature.
- A.
Has no effect upon
- B.
Plays a role in equalizing
- C.
Is the only factor affecting
- D.
Is only capable of raising
Correct Answer
B. Plays a role in equalizingExplanation
Blood plays a role in equalizing the body's temperature. This is because blood acts as a carrier of heat throughout the body. When the body is too hot, blood vessels near the skin's surface dilate, allowing more blood to flow and release heat. On the other hand, when the body is too cold, blood vessels constrict to reduce blood flow and retain heat. This process helps in maintaining a stable body temperature.Rate this question:
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- 34.
The _____________ supplies blood to the muscles of the eye.
- A.
Inferior labial artery
- B.
Infraorbital nerve
- C.
Infraorbital artery
- D.
Intratrochlear nerve
Correct Answer
C. Infraorbital arteryExplanation
The infraorbital artery is responsible for supplying blood to the muscles of the eye. This artery is a branch of the ophthalmic artery, which is a major blood vessel that provides blood supply to various structures in the eye. The muscles of the eye require a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients to function properly, and the infraorbital artery ensures that they receive an adequate blood supply.Rate this question:
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- 35.
The popliteal artery supplies blood to the foot and divides into two separate arteries known as the:
- A.
Anterior tibial and posterior tibial arteries
- B.
Anterior tibial and dorsalis pedis arteries
- C.
Internal and external jugular arteries
- D.
Supraorbital and infraorbital arteries
Correct Answer
A. Anterior tibial and posterior tibial arteriesExplanation
The popliteal artery is responsible for supplying blood to the foot. After reaching the knee, it divides into two separate arteries, namely the anterior tibial artery and the posterior tibial artery. These two arteries continue to supply blood to different areas of the foot, with the anterior tibial artery supplying the front of the foot and the posterior tibial artery supplying the back of the foot.Rate this question:
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- 36.
The deep peroneal nerve is located in the
- A.
Front of the arm
- B.
Front of the leg
- C.
Back of the leg
- D.
Back of the arm
Correct Answer
B. Front of the legExplanation
The deep peroneal nerve is located in the front of the leg. This nerve is a branch of the common peroneal nerve and runs along the front of the leg, supplying sensation to the skin between the first and second toes. It also innervates the muscles that control dorsiflexion of the foot and extension of the toes.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The _______ drain(s) the tissue spaces of excess interstitial fluid.
- A.
Capillaries
- B.
Lymphatic system
- C.
Lymph nodes
- D.
Middle temporal artery
Correct Answer
B. LympHatic systemExplanation
The lymphatic system is responsible for draining the tissue spaces of excess interstitial fluid. It consists of a network of vessels and lymph nodes that collect and transport the fluid, known as lymph, back into the bloodstream. The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance in the body and also helps in immune function by filtering out bacteria, viruses, and other harmful substances present in the lymph. Capillaries are involved in the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the blood and tissues, while the middle temporal artery is a specific artery located in the head and not directly involved in draining tissue spaces.Rate this question:
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- 38.
The __________ is a gland of the endocrine system that secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
- A.
Spleen
- B.
Thyroid
- C.
Lymph node
- D.
Pancreas
Correct Answer
D. PancreasExplanation
The pancreas is a gland of the endocrine system that secretes enzyme-producing cells. These cells are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. The pancreas plays a crucial role in the digestive system by producing and releasing digestive enzymes into the small intestine. These enzymes help break down the food we eat into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Digestive ________ are chemicals that change certain types of food into a soluble form that can be used by the body.
- A.
Exocrines
- B.
Endocrines
- C.
Enzymes
- D.
Platelets
Correct Answer
C. EnzymesExplanation
Enzymes are chemicals that play a crucial role in the process of digestion. They break down complex molecules in food into smaller, more easily absorbed forms that can be used by the body. Without enzymes, the body would struggle to extract nutrients from food and efficiently convert them into energy. Therefore, enzymes are essential for the digestive system to function properly.Rate this question:
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- 40.
The ____________glands secrete about 30 steroid hormones and control metabolic processes of the body, including the fight-or-flight response.
- A.
Exocrine
- B.
Adrenal
- C.
Endocrine
- D.
Pituitary
Correct Answer
B. AdrenalExplanation
The adrenal glands secrete about 30 steroid hormones and control metabolic processes of the body, including the fight-or-flight response. These glands are located on top of the kidneys and are divided into two parts: the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla. The adrenal cortex produces hormones such as cortisol, which helps regulate metabolism and immune response, and aldosterone, which controls blood pressure and electrolyte balance. The adrenal medulla produces adrenaline and noradrenaline, which are involved in the body's response to stress and danger, including the fight-or-flight response. Therefore, the adrenal glands are responsible for controlling various metabolic processes and the fight-or-flight response.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Which one do you like?
- A.
Option 1
- B.
Option 2
- C.
Option 3
- D.
Option 4
Correct Answer
A. Option 1Explanation
The question asks for the respondent's preference among the given options. The answer is Option 1, indicating that the person likes Option 1 the most out of all the choices provided.Rate this question:
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- 42.
The organ that controls the body is the
- A.
Heart
- B.
Brain
- C.
Stomach
- D.
Liver
Correct Answer
B. BrainExplanation
The brain is responsible for controlling the body's functions and processes. It receives and interprets information from the senses, sends signals to different parts of the body, and regulates bodily functions such as breathing, heart rate, and digestion. It is the center of the nervous system and plays a crucial role in coordinating and controlling all bodily activities.Rate this question:
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- 43.
The organs that control the body's vision are the
- A.
Kidneys
- B.
Lungs
- C.
Intestines
- D.
Eyes
Correct Answer
D. EyesExplanation
The correct answer is eyes because the eyes are the organs responsible for vision. They receive light and convert it into electrical signals that are sent to the brain for interpretation. The kidneys, lungs, and intestines do not have any direct role in vision.Rate this question:
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- 44.
The heart is the organ that circulates the body's:
- A.
Lymph
- B.
Blood
- C.
Water
- D.
Spinal fluid
Correct Answer
B. BloodExplanation
The heart is responsible for circulating blood throughout the body. Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other essential substances to various organs and tissues, while also removing waste products and carbon dioxide. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's overall function and homeostasis.Rate this question:
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- 45.
The organs that excretes water and waste products are the:
- A.
Intestines
- B.
Lungs
- C.
Kidneys
- D.
Eyes
Correct Answer
C. KidneysExplanation
The kidneys are responsible for excreting water and waste products from the body. They filter the blood, removing excess water, toxins, and waste products, which are then converted into urine. The urine is then transported to the bladder for storage and eventual elimination from the body. The intestines are involved in the digestion and absorption of nutrients, the lungs are responsible for gas exchange, and the eyes are involved in vision. Therefore, the correct answer is kidneys.Rate this question:
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- 46.
The lungs supply ___________ to the blood.
- A.
Hydrogen
- B.
Nitrogen
- C.
Oxygen
- D.
Carbon dioxide
Correct Answer
C. OxygenExplanation
The lungs supply oxygen to the blood. Oxygen is essential for the body's cells to function properly and is needed for the process of cellular respiration. When we breathe in, oxygen from the air enters the lungs and diffuses into the bloodstream. It then binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells and is transported to the body's tissues where it is used for energy production.Rate this question:
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- 47.
What methods are commonly employed for the study of anatomy, encompassing both invasive and non-invasive approaches?
- A.
Dissection and microscopy
- B.
Endoscopy and angiography
- C.
X-rays and blood tests
- D.
Magnetic resonance imaging and physical examinations
Correct Answer
B. Endoscopy and angiograpHyExplanation
The study of anatomy involves various methods, including dissection for invasive examination and endoscopy for non-invasive exploration. Dissection entails opening the body to study its organs, while endoscopy involves using a video camera-equipped instrument inserted through a small incision to explore internal organs and structures. Angiography, using X-rays or magnetic resonance angiography, is another method mentioned for visualizing blood vessels, offering a comprehensive approach to understanding the structure and organization of organs and systems.Rate this question:
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- 48.
The ________ are the organs that digest food.
- A.
Intestines and kidneys
- B.
Intestines and stomach
- C.
Intestines and liver
- D.
Kidneys and stomach
Correct Answer
B. Intestines and stomachExplanation
The intestines and stomach are the organs that digest food. The stomach secretes digestive enzymes and acids to break down food, while the intestines absorb nutrients from the digested food. Together, these organs play a crucial role in the process of digestion. The kidneys, on the other hand, are responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine, and the liver is involved in detoxification and the production of bile. Therefore, neither the kidneys nor the liver are directly involved in the digestion of food.Rate this question:
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- 49.
The _________ system controls the steady movement of the blood through the body.
- A.
Integumentary
- B.
Circulatory
- C.
Respiratory
- D.
Lymphatic
Correct Answer
B. CirculatoryExplanation
The circulatory system controls the steady movement of the blood through the body. It consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body's tissues and organs, while simultaneously removing waste products and carbon dioxide. The blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries, transport the blood throughout the body. This system ensures that oxygen and nutrients are delivered to all cells, while also helping to regulate body temperature and maintain homeostasis. The other options (integumentary, respiratory, lymphatic) do not play a primary role in the steady movement of blood through the body.Rate this question:
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- 50.
The __________ system changes food into nutrients and wastes.
- A.
Lymphatic
- B.
Endocrine
- C.
Integumentary
- D.
Digestive
Correct Answer
D. DigestiveExplanation
The digestive system is responsible for changing food into nutrients and wastes. It includes organs such as the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, which work together to break down food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate waste products. The lymphatic system is involved in immune function, the endocrine system regulates hormones, and the integumentary system is related to the skin. Therefore, the digestive system is the correct answer.Rate this question:
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Dec 18, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Mar 01, 2014Quiz Created by
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applied anatomy and physiology practice test questions
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