Genetic Enegineering Forensics And Biology

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| By Kwchiro

Kwchiro

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Quizzes Created: 40 | Total Attempts: 392,204

Questions: 5 | Attempts: 1,147 | Updated: Mar 20, 2023

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Questions and Answers

1.

What is the name of the enzyme that cleaves (cuts) DNA into fragments?
- A.
  
  Ligase
- B.
  
  DNA synthase
- C.
  
  Restrictive Enzymes
- D.
  
  Lactase
Correct Answer
C. Restrictive Enzymes

Explanation
Restrictive enzymes, also known as restriction enzymes, are enzymes that cleave DNA into fragments by recognizing specific DNA sequences and cutting the DNA at or near those sequences. These enzymes are commonly used in molecular biology techniques, such as DNA cloning and genetic engineering, to manipulate and analyze DNA. Ligase is an enzyme that joins DNA fragments together, DNA synthase is not a recognized enzyme, and lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose, not DNA.

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2.

In Gel Electrophoresis, an electrical current (negative charges) will cause the smaller slightly charged DNA fragments to move the ____ towards the positive end (compared with the larger DNA fragments).
- A.
  
  Farthest
- B.
  
  Slowest
- C.
  
  Least
Correct Answer
A. Farthest

Explanation
In Gel Electrophoresis, an electrical current is applied to the gel, causing the negatively charged DNA fragments to move towards the positive end. The smaller DNA fragments will move faster and farther compared to the larger fragments due to their size and charge. Therefore, the correct answer is "farthest."

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3.

What is the function of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?
- A.
  
  PCR moves fragments of DNA away from the negative charge
- B.
  
  PCR makes multiple copies of fragments of DNA
- C.
  
  Arranges DNA according to size.
- D.
  
  Breaks DNA into equal sized pieces.
Correct Answer
B. PCR makes multiple copies of fragments of DNA

Explanation
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a technique used to amplify or make multiple copies of specific fragments of DNA. It involves a series of temperature cycles that allow the DNA to be denatured, or separated into single strands, and then replicated using a DNA polymerase enzyme. By repeatedly cycling through these temperature changes, PCR can produce millions or even billions of copies of a specific DNA sequence from a small starting amount. This is useful in various applications such as genetic research, forensic analysis, and medical diagnostics, where a large amount of DNA is needed for analysis.

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4.

CLICK on ALL that apply. (NOTE: these is NO partial credit!) DNA can be used for analysis. DNA can USUALLY be used from (choose all that apply):
- A.
  
  Blood
- B.
  
  Cheek cells (buccal swab)
- C.
  
  Cleaned fingernails
- D.
  
  Hair follicles
- E.
  
  Hair stands (shaft) that falls out naturally.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Blood
B. Cheek cells (buccal swab)
D. Hair follicles

Explanation
Fingernails do NOT contain DNA. IF you scratch someone with your nails, DNA can be found, sometimes, under the nails. The shafts of hair do NOT normally contain DNA. IF the hair is ripped from the head (contains the hair follicles and skin tags), then it will contain DNA.

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5.

Approximately how many base pairs are in the human genome?
- A.
  
  100 million
- B.
  
  5 billion
- C.
  
  100,000
- D.
  
  3 billion base pairs
Correct Answer
D. 3 billion base pairs

Explanation
There are approximately 3 billion base pairs in the human genome (Human genome: ALL the nitrogenous bases on the 46 chromosomes found in a cell).

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Current Version
Mar 20, 2023

Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team
Nov 13, 2013

Quiz Created by
Kwchiro

Genetic Enegineering Forensics And Biology

What is the name of the enzyme that cleaves (cuts) DNA into fragments?

In Gel Electrophoresis, an electrical current (negative charges) will cause the smaller slightly charged DNA fragments to move the ____ towards the positive end (compared with the larger DNA fragments).

What is the function of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?

CLICK on ALL that apply. (NOTE: these is NO partial credit!) DNA can be used for analysis. DNA can USUALLY be used from (choose all that apply):

Approximately how many base pairs are in the human genome?