Bio 1 - Chapter 2 Vocab Quiz B

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  • 1/19 Questions

    ___ is the amount of energy that is needed to start a chemical reaction.

    • Bond energy
    • Activation energy
    • Exothermic energy
    • Stored energy
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About This Quiz

Bio 1 - Chapter 2 Vocab Quiz B assesses knowledge on biological macromolecules. It covers key concepts such as polymers, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, crucial for understanding molecular biology and biochemistry.

Biochemistry Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    A(n) ___ is a specialized protein that acts as a catalyst for chemical reactions in living organisms.

    • Enzyme

    • Substrate

    • Reactant

    • Product

    Correct Answer
    A. Enzyme
    Explanation
    An enzyme is a specialized protein that acts as a catalyst for chemical reactions in living organisms. Enzymes are responsible for speeding up the rate of these reactions by lowering the activation energy required. They do this by binding to specific molecules, known as substrates, and facilitating the conversion of these substrates into products. Enzymes are highly specific in their function and can be regulated to ensure that chemical reactions occur at the right time and in the right place within an organism.

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  • 3. 

    A(n) ___ chemical reaction  releases more energy than it absorbs.

    • Exothermic

    • Endothermic

    • Equilibrium

    • Activated

    Correct Answer
    A. Exothermic
    Explanation
    An exothermic chemical reaction releases more energy than it absorbs. This means that the reactants have more energy than the products, resulting in the release of excess energy in the form of heat or light. In an exothermic reaction, the overall energy of the system decreases, making it energetically favorable. This is in contrast to an endothermic reaction, where the reaction absorbs more energy than it releases.

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  • 4. 

    ___ is reached when both reactants and products are made at the same rate.

    • Equilibrium

    • Catalyst

    • Reactant

    • Product

    Correct Answer
    A. Equilibrium
    Explanation
    Equilibrium is reached when both reactants and products are made at the same rate. This means that the forward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates, resulting in a stable concentration of reactants and products. At equilibrium, the system is balanced, with no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products over time.

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  • 5. 

    A(n) ___ chemical reaction absorbs more energy than it releases  .

    • Exothermic

    • Endothermic

    • Equilibrium

    • Activated

    Correct Answer
    A. Endothermic
    Explanation
    An endothermic chemical reaction absorbs more energy than it releases. This means that the reactants have a lower energy level than the products, and energy is taken in from the surroundings to fuel the reaction. As a result, the surroundings become cooler.

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  • 6. 

    A(n) ___ changes substances into different substances by breaking and reforming chemical bonds.

    • Chemical reaction

    • Equilibrium

    • Polymer

    • Catalyst

    Correct Answer
    A. Chemical reaction
    Explanation
    A chemical reaction is a process that involves the breaking and formation of chemical bonds, resulting in the transformation of substances into different substances. During a chemical reaction, the reactants are converted into products through the rearrangement of atoms. This change occurs due to the breaking of existing bonds in the reactants and the formation of new bonds in the products. Therefore, a chemical reaction is the correct answer as it accurately describes the process of changing substances by breaking and reforming chemical bonds.

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  • 7. 

    The substance in a chemical reaction that is being produced is called a(n) ___.

    • Product

    • Reactant

    • Catalyst

    • Amino acid

    Correct Answer
    A. Product
    Explanation
    In a chemical reaction, the substance that is being produced is called a product. This is because a chemical reaction involves the transformation of reactants into new substances, which are the products of the reaction. Reactants are the substances that undergo the chemical changes, while catalysts are substances that speed up the reaction without being consumed themselves. Amino acids are organic compounds that are the building blocks of proteins and are not directly related to the concept of a product in chemical reactions.

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  • 8. 

    ___ are molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and they include sugars and starches.

    • Carbohydrates

    • Proteins

    • Nucleic acids

    • Lipids

    Correct Answer
    A. Carbohydrates
    Explanation
    Carbohydrates are molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and they include sugars and starches. They are an essential source of energy for the body and play a crucial role in various biological processes. Carbohydrates are classified into simple and complex carbohydrates based on their chemical structure. Simple carbohydrates, such as glucose and fructose, are easily broken down by the body for quick energy. Complex carbohydrates, such as starches and fibers, take longer to digest and provide a sustained release of energy. Overall, carbohydrates are an important macronutrient for the body's functioning.

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  • 9. 

    ___ are non-polar macromolecules that include fats, oils, and cholesterol.

    • Carbohydrates

    • Proteins

    • Nucleic acids

    • Lipids

    Correct Answer
    A. Lipids
    Explanation
    Lipids are non-polar macromolecules that include fats, oils, and cholesterol. They are characterized by their insolubility in water and their ability to store energy. Lipids play important roles in the body, such as providing insulation and protection for organs, serving as a source of energy, and acting as structural components of cell membranes. They are also involved in various biological processes, including hormone production and cell signaling.

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  • 10. 

    Molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur, and are used to build proteins are called ___.

    • Amino acids

    • Fatty acids

    • Monosaccharides

    • Nucleotides

    Correct Answer
    A. Amino acids
    Explanation
    Amino acids are molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur. They are the building blocks of proteins, which are essential for various biological functions in the body. Amino acids are linked together in a specific sequence to form proteins, and their structure determines the function they perform. Therefore, amino acids are the correct answer in this context.

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  • 11. 

    A(n) ___ is a molecular subunit of a polymer.

    • Polysaccharide

    • Monomer

    • Amino acid

    • Reactant

    Correct Answer
    A. Monomer
    Explanation
    A monomer is a molecular subunit of a polymer. Polymers are large molecules made up of repeating smaller units called monomers. These monomers join together through chemical reactions to form a polymer chain. Therefore, a monomer is an essential component in the formation of a polymer and is considered as a molecular subunit of a polymer.

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  • 12. 

    The substance in a chemical reaction that is being changed is called a(n) ___.

    • Reactant

    • Product

    • Catalyst

    • Amino acid

    Correct Answer
    A. Reactant
    Explanation
    In a chemical reaction, the substance that undergoes a change is called a reactant. Reactants are the starting materials that are transformed into different substances during the reaction. They are consumed in the process and are necessary for the reaction to occur. In contrast, products are the substances that are formed as a result of the reaction. Catalysts are substances that speed up the reaction without being consumed themselves. Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins and are not directly related to the concept of reactants in chemical reactions.

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  • 13. 

    Chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms that form a monomer of lipids are called ___.

    • Amino acids

    • Fatty acids

    • Monosaccharides

    • Nucleotides

    Correct Answer
    A. Fatty acids
    Explanation
    Chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms that form a monomer of lipids are called fatty acids. Lipids are organic molecules that are insoluble in water and are an essential component of cell membranes. Fatty acids are the building blocks of lipids and consist of a long hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end. They can be either saturated or unsaturated depending on the presence of double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.

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  • 14. 

    ___ is the amount of energy that is needed to break a chemical bond.

    • Bond energy

    • Activation energy

    • Exothermic energy

    • Stored energy

    Correct Answer
    A. Bond energy
    Explanation
    Bond energy refers to the amount of energy required to break a chemical bond. It represents the strength of the bond and is measured in units of energy per mole. When a bond is broken, energy is absorbed, and when a bond is formed, energy is released. Bond energy is an important concept in chemistry as it helps to understand the stability and reactivity of molecules.

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  • 15. 

    A(n) ___ is a substance that decreases the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction, thereby increasing the rate of the reaction.

    • Catalyst

    • Reactant

    • Product

    • Substrate

    Correct Answer
    A. Catalyst
    Explanation
    A catalyst is a substance that decreases the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction, thereby increasing the rate of the reaction. It does this by providing an alternative pathway for the reaction to occur with lower energy requirements. This allows more reactant molecules to have sufficient energy to overcome the activation energy barrier and participate in the reaction. The catalyst itself is not consumed in the reaction and can be used repeatedly, making it an efficient and effective way to increase the rate of a chemical reaction.

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  • 16. 

    The specific reactants that an enzyme acts on are called ___.

    • Products

    • Substrates

    • Monomers

    • Polymers

    Correct Answer
    A. Substrates
    Explanation
    Enzymes are proteins that catalyze specific chemical reactions in living organisms. They bind to particular molecules, called substrates, and convert them into products. The substrates are the specific reactants on which the enzyme acts. Therefore, the correct answer is substrates.

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  • 17. 

    A(n) ___ is a macromolecule made of many smaller molecules bonded together.

    • Polymer

    • Monomer

    • Amino acid

    • Reactant

    Correct Answer
    A. Polymer
    Explanation
    A polymer is a macromolecule made of many smaller molecules bonded together. This means that it is composed of repeating units called monomers, which are chemically bonded to form a larger and more complex structure. Polymers can be found in various natural and synthetic materials, such as plastics, rubber, and proteins. They have a wide range of applications due to their versatility and ability to be tailored for specific purposes.

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  • 18. 

    ___ are polymers that are made of amino acids.

    • Carbohydrates

    • Proteins

    • Nucleic acids

    • Lipids

    Correct Answer
    A. Proteins
    Explanation
    Proteins are polymers made up of amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and they are joined together through peptide bonds to form long chains. These chains then fold into specific three-dimensional structures, giving proteins their unique functions. Carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids are also polymers, but they are not made up of amino acids.

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  • 19. 

    ___ are polymers made of nucleic acids.

    • Carbohydrates

    • Proteins

    • Nucleic acids

    • Lipids

    Correct Answer
    A. Nucleic acids
    Explanation
    Nucleic acids are polymers made of nucleotides. They are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information in living organisms. There are two types of nucleic acids: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). DNA carries the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms, while RNA is involved in protein synthesis. Carbohydrates are organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, while proteins are large biomolecules made of amino acids. Lipids are a diverse group of molecules that include fats, oils, and steroids.

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  • Aug 16, 2024
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Sep 26, 2013
    Quiz Created by
    Christopher Mack
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