Organization Behaviour- Bi 2012

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Organization Behaviour- Bi 2012 - Quiz

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Questions and Answers
  • 1. 

    The selection process helps sustain the organization’s culture by _____.             

    • A.

      Establishing and enforcing norms

    • B.

      Ensuring that candidates fit well within the organization

    • C.

      Socializing the applicant

    • D.

      Identifying individuals who have the skills to perform certain jobs

    • E.

      Rewarding conformity

    Correct Answer
    B. Ensuring that candidates fit well within the organization
    Explanation
    The selection process helps sustain the organization's culture by ensuring that candidates fit well within the organization. This means that the selection process is designed to identify individuals who align with the values, beliefs, and behaviors of the organization. By selecting candidates who fit well within the organization, it helps to maintain and reinforce the desired culture. This can contribute to a cohesive and harmonious work environment, where employees are more likely to be engaged and motivated.

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  • 2. 

    Which one of the following statements about Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory is not true?

    • A.

      The five levels of needs are arranged in hierarchical order.

    • B.

      Physiological needs are the lowest level.

    • C.

      The lower order need must be fully satisfied before the next higher need becomes potent.

    • D.

      The need hierarchy concept has not been well supported by research.

    Correct Answer
    C. The lower order need must be fully satisfied before the next higher need becomes potent.
    Explanation
    Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory states that the lower order needs must be at least partially satisfied before the higher order needs become relevant. However, it does not require that the lower order needs must be fully satisfied before the next higher need becomes potent. This means that individuals can still be motivated by higher order needs even if their lower order needs are not fully satisfied.

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  • 3. 

    Employee attitudes and behavior change during the _____ stage of socialization.  

    • A.

      Establishment

    • B.

      Transformation

    • C.

      Encounter

    • D.

      Metamorphosis

    • E.

      Cocoon

    Correct Answer
    D. MetamorpHosis
    Explanation
    During the metamorphosis stage of socialization, employee attitudes and behavior undergo significant changes. This stage represents a transition period where individuals adapt to the organizational culture, norms, and values. They may experience shifts in their mindset, beliefs, and ways of working as they become more acclimated to their new environment. This stage is crucial for employees to fully integrate into the organization and align their attitudes and behavior with its expectations.

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  • 4. 

    New employees are usually comfortable with their organizations by the end of the _____ stage of socialization.          

    • A.

      Encounter

    • B.

      Exploration

    • C.

      Establishment

    • D.

      Metamorphosis

    • E.

      Adaptation

    Correct Answer
    D. MetamorpHosis
    Explanation
    The correct answer is metamorphosis. This stage of socialization refers to the point where new employees have fully adjusted and become comfortable with their organizations. It suggests a transformation or change in their mindset and behavior, indicating that they have successfully integrated into the company culture and norms.

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  • 5. 

    In Maslow's Hierarchy of needs, the individual's sence of belonging and love is classified in which of the following needs? Select correct option:

    • A.

      Sef-Actualization Needs

    • B.

      Esteem Needs

    • C.

      Safety Needs

    • D.

      Social Needs

    Correct Answer
    D. Social Needs
    Explanation
    In Maslow's Hierarchy of needs, the individual's sense of belonging and love is classified in the Social Needs category. This category focuses on the need for companionship, love, and acceptance from others. It encompasses the desire to form meaningful relationships, be part of a community, and feel a sense of belonging. Meeting these social needs is essential for individuals to develop a healthy self-esteem and overall well-being.

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  • 6. 

     The key component underlying bureaucracies is _____.     

    • A.

      Flexibility

    • B.

      Standardization

    • C.

      Dual lines of authority

    • D.

      Wide span of control

    Correct Answer
    B. Standardization
    Explanation
    Bureaucracies are characterized by a high degree of standardization, which refers to the establishment of uniform procedures, rules, and regulations within an organization. This ensures consistency and efficiency in the decision-making process and promotes uniformity in the execution of tasks. Standardization helps to eliminate ambiguity, reduce errors, and maintain accountability within bureaucracies. It also enables organizations to achieve economies of scale and facilitates coordination and control across different levels and departments.

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  • 7. 

    The process through which employees are adapted to an organization’s culture is called _____.          

    • A.

      Personalization

    • B.

      Mentoring

    • C.

      Socialization

    • D.

      Institutionalization

    • E.

      Intimidation

    Correct Answer
    C. Socialization
    Explanation
    Socialization is the process through which employees are adapted to an organization's culture. It involves teaching new employees about the values, norms, and behaviors that are expected within the organization. This process helps employees to understand and internalize the organization's culture, which in turn helps them to fit in and become productive members of the organization.

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  • 8. 

      The ____ violates the unity-of-command concept.  

    • A.

      Simple structure

    • B.

      Bureaucracy

    • C.

      Matrix structure

    • D.

      Virtual organization

    Correct Answer
    C. Matrix structure
    Explanation
    "The Matrix Structure”

    The most obvious structural characteristic of the matrix structure is that it breaks the
    unity-of-command concept. Therefore, the matrix has a dual chain of command.

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  • 9. 

    The ultimate source of an organization’s culture is _____.            

    • A.

      Top management

    • B.

      The environment

    • C.

      The country in which the organization operates

    • D.

      The organization’s founders

    • E.

      The belief systems of it employees

    Correct Answer
    D. The organization’s founders
    Explanation
    The ultimate source of an organization's culture is the organization's founders. Founders play a crucial role in shaping the values, beliefs, and norms that form the foundation of an organization's culture. They establish the initial vision, mission, and goals of the organization, which in turn influence the behavior and attitudes of employees. The founders' own values and beliefs are often reflected in the culture they create, and this culture can continue to shape the organization long after the founders have left.

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  • 10. 

    Which of the following is the most productive stage in group development? Select correct option:

    • A.

      Producing

    • B.

      Increasing

    • C.

      Maturity

    • D.

      Performing

    Correct Answer
    D. Performing
    Explanation
    Performing is the most productive stage in group development. During this stage, group members have established strong relationships, trust, and effective communication. They work together cohesively and efficiently to achieve common goals. The group is highly motivated, focused, and able to solve problems and make decisions effectively. This stage is characterized by high levels of productivity, creativity, and collaboration among group members.

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  • 11. 

    E-Organizations rely MORE on: Select correct option:

    • A.

      Team Decision Making

    • B.

      Individual Decision Making

    • C.

      Virtual-Team Decision Making

    • D.

      Group Decision Making

    Correct Answer
    C. Virtual-Team Decision Making
    Explanation
    Virtual-team decision making is the preferred choice for e-organizations because it allows for collaboration and communication among team members who may be geographically dispersed. This method leverages technology and online platforms to facilitate discussions, brainstorming, and decision-making processes. It enables organizations to tap into a diverse range of perspectives and expertise, ultimately leading to better-informed decisions. Additionally, virtual-team decision making promotes flexibility and efficiency, as team members can contribute and participate at their convenience, reducing time and resource constraints associated with traditional in-person meetings.

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  • 12. 

    The topic of motivation in OB has been most influenced by which behavioral science discipline?

    • A.

      Psychology

    • B.

      Sociology

    • C.

      Political science

    • D.

      Corporate strategy

    Correct Answer
    A. Psychology
    Explanation
    The topic of motivation in OB has been most influenced by psychology. Psychology studies human behavior and mental processes, including motivation. Understanding what motivates individuals is crucial in organizational behavior as it helps in designing effective strategies to increase employee engagement and productivity. Psychological theories and concepts such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs, expectancy theory, and reinforcement theory have greatly contributed to the understanding of motivation in OB.

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  • 13. 

    Suppose that you are a Human Resource Manager for Prentice Corporation who is in charge of developing a training program for managers coming to the United States from your Prentice subsidiaries around the world.  You have decided to use the Hofstede Framework for discussing cultural differences that they might expect to find.  Use your knowledge of the work of Hofstede to answer the following questions. Your Indonesian managers will need to be especially aware of the difference that exists between their country and the United States in the degree of _____ of the two cultures.

    • A.

      Quantity of life vs. quality of life

    • B.

      Individualism

    • C.

      Quantity of life vs. quality of life b. individualism power distance

    • D.

      Uncertainty avoidance

    Correct Answer
    C. Quantity of life vs. quality of life b. individualism power distance
    Explanation
    Indonesian managers will need to be especially aware of the difference that exists between their country and the United States in the degree of individualism of the two cultures. This means that they should be prepared for a cultural shift where the emphasis on individual goals, achievements, and independence is more prominent in the United States compared to Indonesia. This understanding will help them navigate and adapt to the cultural differences they may encounter while working in the United States.

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  • 14. 

    Which of the following generalizations about organizational structures and employee performance and satisfaction is MOST true?

    • A.

      There is fairly strong evidence linking decentralization and job satisfaction.

    • B.

      There is no evidence that supports a relationship between span of control and employee performance.

    • C.

      The evidence generally indicates that work specialization contributes to higher productivity and reduced job satisfaction.

    • D.

      No one wants work that makes minimal intellectual demands and is routine.

    Correct Answer
    B. There is no evidence that supports a relationship between span of control and employee performance.
    Explanation
    The given answer states that there is no evidence supporting a relationship between span of control and employee performance. This means that research or studies conducted on this topic have not found any significant correlation between the number of employees a manager supervises (span of control) and the performance of those employees. It suggests that the size of a manager's team does not directly impact the performance of individual employees.

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  • 15. 

    ____ refers to an assortment of noncognitive skills, capabilities, and competencies that influence a person's ability to succeed in coping with environmental demands and pressures.

    • A.

      Emotional intelligence

    • B.

      IQ

    • C.

      Learned intelligence

    • D.

      Aptitude

    Correct Answer
    A. Emotional intelligence
    Explanation
    Emotional intelligence refers to an assortment of noncognitive skills, capabilities, and competencies that influence a person's ability to succeed in coping with environmental demands and pressures. It involves understanding and managing one's own emotions, as well as being aware of and empathetic towards the emotions of others. Emotional intelligence is crucial for effective communication, building and maintaining relationships, and making sound decisions. It plays a significant role in personal and professional success, as it helps individuals navigate challenges, handle stress, and adapt to different situations.

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  • 16. 

    Which of the following is NOT a determinant of an organization's structure?

    • A.

      Strategy

    • B.

      Organization size

    • C.

      Industry

    • D.

      Technology

    Correct Answer
    C. Industry
    Explanation
    The industry in which an organization operates is not a determinant of its structure. An organization's structure is influenced by various factors such as its strategy, organization size, and technology. The strategy of an organization determines its goals and objectives, which in turn shape its structure. The size of an organization affects how it is organized and how tasks are divided among its members. The technology used by an organization also plays a role in determining its structure, as different technologies require different organizational arrangements. However, the industry in which an organization operates does not directly determine its structure.

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  • 17. 

    The structure that creates dual lines of authority is the _____.  

    • A.

      Organizational structure

    • B.

      Bureaucracy

    • C.

      Matrix structure

    • D.

      Virtual organization

    Correct Answer
    C. Matrix structure
    Explanation
    The matrix structure creates dual lines of authority within an organization. In this structure, employees report to both a functional manager and a project or product manager. This allows for a more flexible and dynamic approach to decision-making and resource allocation. The matrix structure is often used in organizations that need to balance the functional expertise of employees with the need for cross-functional collaboration and teamwork.

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  • 18. 

    46.  Self-efficacy refers to an individual’s belief that he or she is capable of performing a task.

    • A.

      True

    • B.

      False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Self-efficacy is a psychological concept that refers to an individual's belief in their own ability to successfully perform a specific task or achieve a desired outcome. It is a measure of one's confidence in their own capabilities and is often seen as a predictor of motivation, effort, and perseverance. Therefore, the statement that self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task is true.

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  • 19. 

     All of the following are factors that serve to sustain organizational cultures except _____.          

    • A.

      selection

    • B.

      Frugality

    • C.

      Socialization

    • D.

      Top management

    Correct Answer
    B. Frugality
    Explanation
    Frugality is not a factor that serves to sustain organizational cultures. Factors such as selection, socialization, and top management play important roles in shaping and maintaining organizational cultures. Selection refers to the process of hiring individuals who align with the values and beliefs of the organization. Socialization involves the process of integrating new employees into the organization's culture through training and orientation programs. Top management sets the tone for the organizational culture through their actions and behaviors. However, frugality, which refers to the practice of being economical and avoiding wastefulness, is not directly related to sustaining organizational cultures.

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  • 20. 

    The _____ is a structure characterized by extensive departmentalization, high formalization, a limited information network, and centralization.

    • A.

      Mechanistic model

    • B.

      Organic model

    • C.

      Technology model

    • D.

      Boundaryless organization

    Correct Answer
    A. Mechanistic model
    Explanation
    The mechanistic model is characterized by extensive departmentalization, high formalization, a limited information network, and centralization. In this model, tasks and responsibilities are clearly defined, decision-making is centralized at the top, and there is a rigid hierarchy. This model is suitable for stable and predictable environments where efficiency and control are important. On the other hand, the organic model is characterized by flexible departmentalization, low formalization, a wide information network, and decentralization. It is suitable for dynamic and unpredictable environments where adaptability and innovation are crucial. The technology model and boundaryless organization are not relevant to the given characteristics.

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  • 21. 

    The boundaryless organization relies heavily on _____.  

    • A.

      Information technology

    • B.

      Vertical boundaries

    • C.

      Horizontal boundaries

    • D.

      External boundaries

    Correct Answer
    A. Information technology
    Explanation
    The boundaryless organization relies heavily on information technology because it enables seamless communication and collaboration across different departments, teams, and even external partners. Information technology allows for the sharing of information, data, and resources in real-time, breaking down traditional vertical and horizontal boundaries within an organization. It also facilitates remote work and global connectivity, enabling employees to work together regardless of their physical location. By leveraging information technology, a boundaryless organization can enhance its agility, innovation, and competitiveness in today's fast-paced and interconnected business environment.

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  • 22. 

    Culture may be a liability because it is a barrier to _____.  

    • A.

      Change

    • B.

      Diversity

    • C.

      Mergers and acquisitions

    • D.

      All of the above

    • E.

      None of the above

    Correct Answer
    D. All of the above
    Explanation
    Culture may be a liability because it can act as a barrier to change. When an organization's culture is deeply rooted in certain beliefs, values, and practices, it can be resistant to change, making it difficult for the organization to adapt to new circumstances or implement new strategies. Additionally, culture can also hinder diversity within an organization. If the culture promotes homogeneity and does not value or support diversity, it can limit the organization's ability to attract and retain a diverse workforce. Lastly, during mergers and acquisitions, clashes in organizational cultures can pose significant challenges and impede the success of the integration process.

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  • 23. 

    Culture performs all the following functions except _____.

    • A.

      Displaying the dominance of particular organizations

    • B.

      Enhancing social system stability

    • C.

      Conveying a sense of identity for organization members

    • D.

      Facilitating commitment to something larger than individual self-interest

    Correct Answer
    A. Displaying the dominance of particular organizations
    Explanation
    Culture performs various functions within an organization, such as enhancing social system stability, conveying a sense of identity for organization members, and facilitating commitment to something larger than individual self-interest. However, displaying the dominance of particular organizations is not one of the functions of culture.

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  • 24. 

    The ____ is also called the network or modular organization.  

    • A.

      Virtual organization

    • B.

      Team structure

    • C.

      Matrix

    • D.

      Bureaucracy

    Correct Answer
    A. Virtual organization
    Explanation
    "The Virtual Organization”

    The virtual organization is also called the network or modular organization.

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  • 25. 

    The ____ is characterized by highly routine operating tasks achieved through specialization.  

    • A.

      Matrix organization

    • B.

      Bureaucracy

    • C.

      Simple structure

    • D.

      Team structure

    Correct Answer
    B. Bureaucracy
    Explanation
    "The Bureaucracy”

    The bureaucracy is characterized by highly routine operating tasks achieved through specialization,
    very formalized rules and regulations, tasks that are grouped into functional departments, centralized authority,
    narrow spans of control, and decision making that follows the chain of command.

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  • 26. 

    The correct order for the stages of the socialization process is _____.  

    • A.

      Prearrival, metamorphosis, encounter

    • B.

      Prearrival, encounter, ritual

    • C.

      Prearrival, ritual, encounter

    • D.

      Prearrival, encounter, metamorphosis

    • E.

      Prearrival, ritual, arrival

    Correct Answer
    B. Prearrival, encounter, ritual
    Explanation
    The correct order for the stages of the socialization process is prearrival, encounter, ritual. This order suggests that before an individual joins a new organization or social group, they go through a prearrival stage where they form expectations and gather information. Then, they have an encounter stage where they actually join the group and interact with other members. Finally, they go through a ritual stage where they learn and internalize the norms, values, and behaviors of the group.

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  • 27. 

    ABC Company created task force containing employees from across departments for completion of an important project. It is an example of: Select correct option:

    • A.

      Virtual Teams

    • B.

      Self-Managed Work Team

    • C.

      Cross-Functional Team

    • D.

      Problem-Solving Team

    Correct Answer
    C. Cross-Functional Team
    Explanation
    A task force is really nothing other than a temporary cross-functional team

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  • 28. 

    Work specialization is also referred to as _____.

    • A.

      Span of control

    • B.

      division of labor

    • C.

      Unity-of-command

    • D.

      Job grouping

    Correct Answer
    B. division of labor
    Explanation
    "Work Specialization”

    Work specialization is also referred to as division of labor.

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  • 29. 

    In Maslow’s hierarchy needs which of the following pair of needs is ranked as “lower order needs”?

    • A.

      Physiological and safety needs

    • B.

      Physiological and social need

    • C.

      Self actualization and safety needs

    • D.

      Social and esteem needs

    Correct Answer
    A. pHysiological and safety needs
    Explanation
    Physiological and safety needs are ranked as "lower order needs" in Maslow's hierarchy. These needs are considered basic and essential for survival. Physiological needs include the need for food, water, shelter, and other biological requirements. Safety needs refer to the need for security, stability, and protection from physical and emotional harm. These needs must be met before an individual can progress to higher order needs such as social belonging, self-esteem, and self-actualization.

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  • 30. 

    At an Alcoa aluminum tubing plant in upstate New York, production is organized into five departments: casting; press; tubing; finishing and inspecting, packing, and shipping. This is an example of _____ departmentalization.  

    • A.

      Product

    • B.

      Functions

    • C.

      Geography

    • D.

      Process

    Correct Answer
    D. Process
    Explanation
    Departmentalization”

    This is an example of process departmentalization because each department specializes
    in one specific phase in the production of aluminum tubing.

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  • 31. 

    What is/are the key element(s) of motivation?

    • A.

      Intensity

    • B.

      Direction

    • C.

      Persistence

    • D.

      All of the given options

    Correct Answer
    D. All of the given options
    Explanation
    The key elements of motivation include intensity, direction, and persistence. Intensity refers to the amount of effort and energy put into a task or goal. Direction is the focus and purpose behind one's actions, determining the specific goals they are working towards. Persistence is the ability to maintain effort and continue working towards a goal despite challenges or setbacks. All of these elements are essential in understanding and cultivating motivation.

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  • 32. 

    According to the goal-setting theory of motivation, highest performance is reached when goals are set to which level? Select correct option:

    • A.

      Impossible but inspirational

    • B.

      Difficult but attainable

    • C.

      Only marginally challenging

    • D.

      Only marginally challenging Easy and attainable

    Correct Answer
    B. Difficult but attainable
    Explanation
    There is substantial support for the proposition that specific goals increase performance and that
    difficult goals, when accepted, result in higher performance than do easy goals. This proposition is
    known as goal-setting theory.

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  • 33. 

    Which of the following is not a means of transmitting culture within an organization?

    • A.

      Stories

    • B.

      Aversion therapy

    • C.

      Rituals

    • D.

      Language

    • E.

      Material symbols

    Correct Answer
    B. Aversion therapy
    Explanation
    Aversion therapy is not a means of transmitting culture within an organization. Aversion therapy is a form of psychological treatment that aims to eliminate undesirable behaviors by associating them with negative stimuli. It is typically used in the context of behavior modification and is not directly related to transmitting culture within an organization. Stories, rituals, language, and material symbols, on the other hand, are commonly used methods for transmitting culture within an organization.

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  • 34. 

    Which of the following theories was proposed by Douglas McGregor? Select correct option:

    • A.

      Hierarchy of needs theory

    • B.

      Theories X and Y

    • C.

      Two-factor theory

    • D.

      Expectancy theory

    Correct Answer
    B. Theories X and Y
    Explanation
    Douglas McGregor proposed Theories X and Y. Theory X suggests that employees have an inherent dislike for work and need to be closely supervised and controlled. On the other hand, Theory Y suggests that employees are self-motivated, enjoy their work, and can be trusted to take responsibility and make decisions. These theories provide contrasting perspectives on employee motivation and management styles.

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  • 35. 

    Culture is most likely to be a liability when _____.          

    • A.

      It increases the consistency of behavior

    • B.

      The organization’s environment is dynamic

    • C.

      The organization’s management is ineffectual

    • D.

      It reduces ambiguity

    Correct Answer
    B. The organization’s environment is dynamic
    Explanation
    When an organization's environment is dynamic, it means that it is constantly changing and unpredictable. In such a situation, a strong culture can become a liability because it may resist change and hinder the organization's ability to adapt to new circumstances. A rigid culture that values consistency and tradition may prevent the organization from being flexible and responsive to the changing environment. Therefore, in a dynamic environment, a strong culture can be a liability rather than an asset.

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  • 36. 

    Consistency of behavior is an asset to an organization when it faces _____.         

    • A.

      A dynamic environment

    • B.

      An unknown environment

    • C.

      Social upheaval

    • D.

      A stable environment

    Correct Answer
    D. A stable environment
    Explanation
    Consistency of behavior is an asset to an organization when it faces a stable environment because in a stable environment, there is less uncertainty and change. Consistency allows the organization to establish routines, processes, and systems that can be relied upon and followed consistently. This helps to create a sense of predictability and reliability, enabling the organization to operate efficiently and effectively. It also allows the organization to build trust and credibility with stakeholders, as they can depend on the organization to consistently deliver on its commitments and promises.

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  • 37. 

    A ____ is a flat organization.

    • A.

      Bureaucracy

    • B.

      Centralized structure

    • C.

      Matrix structure

    • D.

      All of the above

    • E.

      None of the above

    Correct Answer
    E. None of the above
    Explanation
    None of the options provided accurately describe a flat organization. A flat organization is characterized by having a minimal number of hierarchical levels, with a wide span of control and decentralized decision-making. Bureaucracy, centralized structure, and matrix structure all involve varying degrees of hierarchy and centralized decision-making, which contradicts the concept of a flat organization. Therefore, none of the options provided is the correct answer.

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  • 38. 

    Which of the following is ‘NOT’ one of the most common reasons people join groups? Select correct option:      

    • A.

      Security

    • B.

      Status

    • C.

      Equity

    • D.

      Power

    Correct Answer
    C. Equity
    Explanation
    Equity is not one of the most common reasons people join groups. The most common reasons people join groups are typically related to security, status, and power. Equity refers to fairness and equality, and while it may be a consideration for some individuals, it is not as commonly cited as the other reasons mentioned.

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  • 39. 

    The major disadvantage of the matrix structure is _____.           

    • A.

      The confusion it creates

    • B.

      Its propensity to foster power struggles

    • C.

      The stress it places on individuals

    • D.

      None of the above

    • E.

      All of the abov

    Correct Answer
    E. All of the abov
    Explanation
    The major disadvantage of the matrix structure is that it encompasses all of the given options. The matrix structure can create confusion due to multiple reporting lines and dual authority. It can also foster power struggles as individuals may have to compete for resources and influence. Additionally, the matrix structure can place significant stress on individuals who have to balance multiple roles and responsibilities. Therefore, all of the above options accurately describe the major disadvantage of the matrix structure.

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  • 40. 

    Organizational part having legitimacy and official recognition is called  

    • A.

      Non Governmental Organization

    • B.

      Formal Organization

    • C.

      International Organization

    • D.

      Informal Organization Informal Organization Informal Organization Informal Organization Informal Organization

    Correct Answer
    B. Formal Organization
    Explanation
    A formal organization refers to a structured and well-defined group that operates within a set of established rules and regulations. It has legitimacy and official recognition, meaning it is recognized by the government or other governing bodies. This distinguishes it from informal organizations, which are more loosely structured and lack official recognition. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and international organizations may also have legitimacy and official recognition, but they are not the best fit for this question as they do not necessarily refer to all organizations with legitimacy and official recognition. Therefore, the correct answer is formal organization.

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  • 41. 

    Which of the following statements most accurately describes the impact of national culture on employees?        

    • A.

      The impact of national culture is greater than the impact of organizational culture.

    • B.

      The impact of national culture is less significant than the impact of organizational culture.

    • C.

      The impact of national culture is similar to the impact of organizational culture in terms of its effects on employees.

    • D.

      The impact of national culture is marginal compared to the impact of organizational culture.

    Correct Answer
    A. The impact of national culture is greater than the impact of organizational culture.
    Explanation
    The explanation for the given correct answer is that national culture has a stronger influence on employees compared to organizational culture. National culture refers to the shared values, beliefs, and norms of a particular country, which can shape individuals' attitudes and behaviors. It can affect employees' work styles, communication patterns, and decision-making processes. On the other hand, organizational culture refers to the shared values, beliefs, and norms within a specific organization. While organizational culture can also impact employees, national culture has a broader and more profound influence as it encompasses societal norms and values that employees bring to the workplace.

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  • 42. 

    Which of the following is not a drawback of a narrow span of control?

    • A.

      It is expensive.

    • B.

      It makes vertical communication in the organization more complex.

    • C.

      Supervisors may lose control of their employees.

    • D.

      It encourages overly tight supervision.

    Correct Answer
    C. Supervisors may lose control of their employees.
    Explanation
    A narrow span of control refers to a situation where a supervisor has a limited number of subordinates to manage. The given statement suggests that supervisors may lose control of their employees, implying that this is not a drawback of a narrow span of control. In reality, a narrow span of control allows supervisors to have a closer and more direct supervision over their employees, making it easier to maintain control and ensure that tasks are performed effectively. Therefore, the statement is incorrect and the correct answer is Supervisors may lose control of their employees.

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  • 43. 

    Which one of the following is not a function of culture? It _____.            

    • A.

      Conveys a sense of organizational identity

    • B.

      Shapes employee attitude and behavior

    • C.

      Affects the organization’s ability to hire capable employees

    • D.

      Has a boundary-defining role e. facilitates the generation of commitment

    Correct Answer
    C. Affects the organization’s ability to hire capable employees
    Explanation
    Culture does not directly affect the organization's ability to hire capable employees. While culture can indirectly influence the hiring process by attracting or repelling potential candidates who align with or do not align with the organization's culture, it is not a direct function of culture. The other options listed all describe important functions of culture within an organization, such as conveying identity, shaping attitudes and behavior, defining boundaries, and generating commitment.

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  • 44. 

    Whereas _________ focuses on differences between people from different countries, __________ addresses differences among people within given countries.  

    • A.

      Workforce diversity; globalization

    • B.

      Globalization; workforce diversity

    • C.

      Culture; diversity

    • D.

      Culturization; workforce diversity

    • E.

      Globalization; culturization

    Correct Answer
    B. Globalization; workforce diversity
    Explanation
    Globalization refers to the process of integration and interaction among people, companies, and governments of different nations. It involves the exchange of goods, services, and ideas on a global scale. Workforce diversity, on the other hand, pertains to the differences among individuals within a particular organization or workplace. It encompasses variations in age, gender, race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, and other characteristics. Therefore, globalization focuses on differences between people from different countries, while workforce diversity addresses differences among people within given countries.

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  • 45. 

    As organizations have widened spans of control, flattened structures, introduced teams, reduced formalization, and empowered employees, the _____ provided by a strong culture ensures that everyone is pointed in the same direction.        

    • A.

      Rules and regulations

    • B.

      Shared meaning

    • C.

      Rituals

    • D.

      Socialization

    Correct Answer
    B. Shared meaning
    Explanation
    As organizations have implemented various structural changes and empowered employees, a strong culture becomes crucial in ensuring that everyone is aligned and working towards the same goals. Shared meaning refers to a common understanding and interpretation of the organization's values, mission, and vision among its members. This shared meaning helps to guide and direct employees' actions and decisions, promoting unity and cohesion within the organization.

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  • 46. 

    The socialization stage that encompasses the learning that occurs before a new member joins an organization is known as_____ socialization.         

    • A.

      Prearrival

    • B.

      Encounter

    • C.

      Metamorphosis

    • D.

      Ritual

    • E.

      Systemic

    Correct Answer
    A. Prearrival
    Explanation
    The socialization stage that occurs before a new member joins an organization is known as prearrival socialization. This stage involves the learning and preparation that takes place prior to the actual entry into the organization. During this stage, individuals may gather information about the organization, its culture, values, and norms, and may also form expectations and attitudes towards the organization. This stage is important as it helps individuals to adjust and adapt more smoothly to the organization once they officially become a part of it.

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  • 47. 

    Which of the following is not a stage of the socialization process?           

    • A.

      Prearrival

    • B.

      Encounter

    • C.

      Metamorphosis

    • D.

      Ritual

    • E.

      None of the above

    Correct Answer
    D. Ritual
    Explanation
    The socialization process involves various stages through which individuals learn and internalize the norms, values, and behaviors of society. The stages typically include prearrival, encounter, and metamorphosis. However, "ritual" is not considered a stage of the socialization process. Rituals are repetitive and symbolic actions that hold cultural and social significance, but they are not specifically associated with the process of socialization.

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  • 48. 

    The employee compares her expectations to organizational reality in which stage of socialization?          

    • A.

      Prearrival

    • B.

      Encounter

    • C.

      Metamorphosis

    • D.

      Ritual

    • E.

      Analysis

    Correct Answer
    B. Encounter
    Explanation
    In the encounter stage of socialization, the employee compares her expectations to the actual reality of the organization. This is the stage where the employee starts to understand the organization's culture, values, and norms, and evaluates how well they align with her own expectations. It is a crucial stage where the employee may experience both excitement and disappointment as she navigates through the initial experiences in the organization.

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  • 49. 

    Which one of the following terms is not a component of socialization rituals?           

    • A.

      Material symbols

    • B.

      Sequenced activities

    • C.

      Repetition

    • D.

      Key values

    • E.

      Reinforcement

    Correct Answer
    A. Material symbols
    Explanation
    Socialization rituals involve a series of activities and processes that help individuals learn and internalize the values, norms, and behaviors of a particular society or group. Material symbols, on the other hand, refer to physical objects or signs that represent abstract ideas or concepts. While material symbols can be used in socialization rituals to reinforce certain values or behaviors, they are not considered a distinct component of socialization rituals themselves. Therefore, material symbols are not a component of socialization rituals.

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  • 50. 

      The time when a new employee sees what the organization is really like and realizes that expectations and reality may diverge is called the _____ stage.     

    • A.

      Encounter

    • B.

      Exploration

    • C.

      Establishment

    • D.

      Metamorphosis

    • E.

      Mirroring

    Correct Answer
    A. Encounter
    Explanation
    The stage where a new employee sees what the organization is really like and realizes that expectations and reality may diverge is called the encounter stage. This is the stage where the new employee begins to experience the actual work environment and starts to understand the differences between their expectations and the reality of the organization. They may encounter challenges, learn about the company culture, and start to form their initial impressions of the organization.

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Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.

  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Jan 18, 2012
    Quiz Created by
    Sara.assem

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