Cell Organelles Exam: MCQ Quiz!

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  • 1/20 Questions

    ________________ is a thick fluid in which the cell contents are suspended; 75-90% water with many substances dissolved and suspended in it.

    • Cytoplasm
    • Centrioles
    • Mitochondria
    • Microtubules
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About This Quiz

The 'Cell Organelles Exam: MCQ Quiz!' assesses knowledge on various cell organelles and their functions, including mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. It is designed to test understanding of cell structure and processes, crucial for students in biology-related fields.

Cell Organelles Exam: MCQ Quiz! - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    The ____________ controls what enters and leaves the cell

    • Mitochondrion

    • Golgi apparatus

    • Nucleus

    • Cell membrane

    Correct Answer
    A. Cell membrane
    Explanation
    The cell membrane is responsible for controlling what enters and leaves the cell. It acts as a barrier, regulating the movement of molecules and ions in and out of the cell. This selective permeability allows the cell to maintain its internal environment and respond to external stimuli. The cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that facilitate the transport of specific molecules across the membrane. It plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and ensuring the cell's survival and proper functioning.

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  • 3. 

    Like a packaging plant, this organelles puts lipids and proteins in vesicles (packets) and sends them to different parts of the cell.

    • Golgi apparatus

    • Enzymes

    • Nucleus

    • Mitochondrion

    Correct Answer
    A. Golgi apparatus
    Explanation
    The Golgi apparatus functions like a packaging plant within the cell. It receives lipids and proteins and packages them into vesicles, which are small packets. These vesicles are then sent to different parts of the cell, allowing for the distribution and transport of important molecules. The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in the sorting, modifying, and packaging of proteins and lipids for transport within the cell.

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  • 4. 

    The _____________ is usually ovoid or spherical; contains the genetic material, mostly DNA; separated from the cytoplasm by a nuclear membrane.

    • Cytoskeleton

    • Nucleus

    • Inclusions

    • Centrioles

    Correct Answer
    A. Nucleus
    Explanation
    The nucleus is usually ovoid or spherical in shape and contains the genetic material, mostly DNA. It is separated from the cytoplasm by a nuclear membrane. The nucleus is the control center of the cell and plays a crucial role in regulating cellular activities and storing genetic information.

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  • 5. 

    Which structure is directly responsible for the formation of proteins within the cell?

    • Lysosomes

    • Vacuoles

    • Centrioles

    • Ribosomes

    Correct Answer
    A. Ribosomes
    Explanation
    Ribosomes are responsible for the formation of proteins within the cell. They are small, spherical organelles found in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis, where they read the genetic information from messenger RNA (mRNA) and assemble amino acids into proteins through a process called translation. Therefore, ribosomes play a crucial role in protein production, making them directly responsible for the formation of proteins within the cell.

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  • 6. 

    ________________ is a flattened, membranous bag stacked on top of each other. Its role is to modify proteins and package them in vesicles for secretion from the cell.

    • Nuclear pores

    • Proteins

    • Ribosomes

    • Golgi apparatus

    Correct Answer
    A. Golgi apparatus
    Explanation
    The Golgi apparatus is a flattened, membranous bag stacked on top of each other. It plays a vital role in modifying proteins and packaging them into vesicles for secretion from the cell. This process involves adding carbohydrates and lipids to the proteins, as well as sorting and directing them to their appropriate destinations within or outside the cell. The Golgi apparatus is essential for the proper functioning of the secretory pathway in cells.

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  • 7. 

    This organelle is responsible for destroying worn-out cell parts.

    • Lysosomes

    • Mitochondrion

    • Golgi apparatus

    • Ribosomes

    Correct Answer
    A. Lysosomes
    Explanation
    Lysosomes are organelles responsible for destroying worn-out cell parts. They contain enzymes that break down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign substances. These enzymes are capable of breaking down various macromolecules such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Lysosomes play a crucial role in maintaining cellular health and recycling cellular components. They are involved in processes such as autophagy, where they engulf and degrade damaged organelles and proteins, ensuring the proper functioning and renewal of the cell.

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  • 8. 

    This organelle functions in cellular respiration.

    • Lysosome

    • Endoplasmic reticulum

    • Mitochondrion

    • Golgi apparatus

    Correct Answer
    A. Mitochondrion
    Explanation
    The mitochondrion is the correct answer because it is the organelle responsible for cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert nutrients into energy in the form of ATP. The mitochondria have an inner membrane that is involved in ATP production through a series of biochemical reactions. This organelle is often referred to as the "powerhouse" of the cell because it produces the majority of the energy needed for cellular processes.

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  • 9. 

    The rough endoplasmic reticulum has _________ located on it.

    • Lysosomes

    • Cytosol

    • Ribosomes

    • Proteins

    Correct Answer
    A. Ribosomes
    Explanation
    The rough endoplasmic reticulum is characterized by the presence of ribosomes on its surface. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, and their attachment to the rough endoplasmic reticulum allows for the direct transfer of newly synthesized proteins into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum for further processing and modification. Therefore, the correct answer is ribosomes.

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  • 10. 

    Genetic material is contained within the _____________ of the cell.

    • Ribosomes

    • Cytoplasm

    • Nucleus

    • Nucleolus

    Correct Answer
    A. Nucleus
    Explanation
    The correct answer is nucleus because the nucleus is the organelle in a cell that contains the genetic material, specifically the DNA. The DNA is responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information, which determines the characteristics and functions of an organism. The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear membrane, which helps protect and regulate the flow of materials in and out of the nucleus. Therefore, the nucleus is the central location for genetic material within a cell.

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  • 11. 

    This fluid maintains the internal pressure of the cell and holds many important nutrients.

    • Ribosome

    • Lysosome

    • Cell membrane

    • Cytoplasm

    Correct Answer
    A. Cytoplasm
    Explanation
    The cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance that fills the cell and is responsible for maintaining the internal pressure of the cell. It also serves as a medium for various cellular processes and contains many important nutrients that are essential for the cell's survival and function. The cytoplasm houses various organelles, including ribosomes and lysosomes, which are involved in protein synthesis and waste disposal, respectively. However, the cytoplasm itself is responsible for maintaining the cell's internal pressure and nutrient storage.

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  • 12. 

    _______________ are small spheres that contain enzymes able to break down proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and some carbohydrates.

    • Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

    • Nucleus

    • Ribosomes

    • Lysosomes

    Correct Answer
    A. Lysosomes
    Explanation
    Lysosomes are small spheres that contain enzymes capable of breaking down various molecules such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and some carbohydrates. These enzymes help in the digestion and recycling of cellular waste materials and foreign substances that enter the cell. Lysosomes play a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and are often referred to as the "cell's recycling center."

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  • 13. 

    The organelle functions to package and deliver proteins.

    • Lysosome

    • Endoplasmic reticulum

    • Mitochondrion

    • Golgi apparatus

    Correct Answer
    A. Golgi apparatus
    Explanation
    The Golgi apparatus is responsible for packaging and delivering proteins within the cell. It receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies them, adding necessary molecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, or other proteins. The Golgi apparatus then packages these modified proteins into vesicles and sends them to their final destination within or outside the cell. This organelle plays a crucial role in the intracellular transport and sorting of proteins, making it the correct answer.

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  • 14. 

    Cell organelles are located within the _____________ of the cell.

    • Nucleus

    • Cytoplasm

    • Cell membrane

    • Lysosomes

    Correct Answer
    A. Cytoplasm
    Explanation
    Cell organelles are located within the cytoplasm of the cell. The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance that fills the cell and surrounds the organelles. It is responsible for holding the organelles in place and providing them with a medium for their activities. The cytoplasm also contains various nutrients, ions, and other molecules that are necessary for the organelles to carry out their functions. Therefore, the cytoplasm is the correct answer as it is the location where cell organelles are found.

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  • 15. 

    Some cells have fine projections that, by beating back and forth, can move the whole cell or can move substances over the surface of the cell. If the projections are short and numerous, resembling tiny hairs they are called _____________.

    • Microtubules

    • Flagella

    • Cilia

    • Microfilaments

    Correct Answer
    A. Cilia
    Explanation
    Cilia are fine projections that beat back and forth to move the whole cell or substances over the surface of the cell. They are short and numerous, resembling tiny hairs.

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  • 16. 

    _______________ are very fine tubes that help to maintain the shape of the cell and to hold the organelles in place. They also act like railway tracks and guide organelles or molecules to particular places within the cell.

    • Mitochondrion

    • Microtubules

    • Microfilaments

    • Endoplasmic reticulum

    Correct Answer
    A. Microtubules
    Explanation
    Microtubules are very fine tubes that help to maintain the shape of the cell and hold the organelles in place. They also act like railway tracks and guide organelles or molecules to particular places within the cell. Mitochondria are responsible for energy production, not maintaining cell shape or guiding organelles. Microfilaments are involved in cell movement and contraction, not maintaining cell shape or guiding organelles. The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis and lipid metabolism, not maintaining cell shape or guiding organelles. Therefore, the correct answer is microtubules.

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  • 17. 

    Substances that are not part of the cell structure but are found in the cytoplasm, e.g. hemoglobin in red blood cells, the pigment in cells of the skin, hair, and eyes are known as ______________

    • Cytoskeleton

    • Nucleolus

    • Inclusions

    • Centrioles

    Correct Answer
    A. Inclusions
    Explanation
    Inclusions are substances that are not part of the cell structure but are found in the cytoplasm. They can include various molecules such as pigments, storage granules, and other non-essential components. Examples of inclusions include hemoglobin in red blood cells, which helps transport oxygen, and pigments in cells of the skin, hair, and eyes, which give them their color. Inclusions are not directly involved in the functioning of the cell but can have important roles in cellular processes and functions.

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  • 18. 

    Located within the nucleus, it is responsible for producing ribosomes.

    • Centrosome

    • Nucleolus

    • Lysosome

    • Endoplasmic reticulum

    Correct Answer
    A. Nucleolus
    Explanation
    The nucleolus is a small structure located within the nucleus of a cell. It is responsible for producing ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis. The nucleolus contains DNA, RNA, and proteins that are involved in the assembly of ribosomes. It plays a crucial role in the production and regulation of ribosomes, making it the correct answer in this context.

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  • 19. 

    Some cells have fine projections that, by beating back and forth, can move the whole cell or can move substances over the surface of the cell. If the projections are longer, and there is only one or two of them, they are called ____________.

    • Microtubules

    • Flagella

    • Cilia

    • Microfilaments

    Correct Answer
    A. Flagella
    Explanation
    Flagella are long, whip-like projections that extend from the surface of a cell and are responsible for cell movement. They are typically found in single or pairs, and their beating motion propels the cell forward. Microtubules, on the other hand, are cylindrical structures that provide structural support to the cell and are involved in various cellular processes. Cilia are also projections on the cell surface, but they are shorter and more numerous compared to flagella. Microfilaments are thin, thread-like structures that play a role in cell movement and support.

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  • 20. 

    The endoplasmic reticulum functions to:

    • Transport materials

    • Destroy old parts of the cell

    • Make ribosomes

    • Package proteins

    Correct Answer
    A. Transport materials
    Explanation
    The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes within the cell that is responsible for various functions, including the transport of materials. It acts as a pathway for the movement of proteins, lipids, and other molecules throughout the cell. This transport occurs through the interconnected tubules and sacs of the endoplasmic reticulum, allowing for efficient distribution of materials to different cellular compartments. Therefore, the endoplasmic reticulum's primary function is to transport materials within the cell.

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  • Mar 20, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Oct 19, 2014
    Quiz Created by
    Scottsiekierka
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