Oncology Quiz: Can You Pass This Exam?

This statement is true because after treatment, pets may still have residue of medication or chemicals on their fur or paws, which can be harmful if ingested by children. Additionally, pets' saliva may contain bacteria or parasites that can be transmitted to children through licking. Therefore, it is recommended to prevent pets from licking children for at least 48 hours after treatment to ensure their safety and well-being.

Fibrosarcoma is a type of cancer that arises from fibrous tissue in the body. It is characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of malignant cells. Malignant tumors are cancerous and have the ability to invade surrounding tissues and metastasize to other parts of the body. In contrast, benign tumors do not invade nearby tissues or spread to other areas. Therefore, the correct answer is "Malignant" because fibrosarcoma is a malignant tumor.

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When removing a tumor surgically, it is important to remove as little normal tissue as possible. This is because removing excessive normal tissue can result in unnecessary damage to the surrounding healthy tissue and organs, leading to potential complications and impairments. By removing only 2-3cm of normal tissue along with the tumor, the surgeon aims to strike a balance between removing the tumor completely and preserving the maximum amount of healthy tissue.

Watching for growth is NOT recommended

Lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system, which is part of the body's immune system. It is characterized by the abnormal growth of lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. Lymphomas can be classified as either benign or malignant. Benign lymphomas are non-cancerous and typically do not spread to other parts of the body. Malignant lymphomas, on the other hand, are cancerous and have the potential to spread to other tissues and organs. Therefore, the correct answer is "Benign" because it refers to a non-cancerous form of lymphoma.

As an RVT (Registered Veterinary Technician) in oncology, our role is to provide compassionate care and medical knowledge to the patients. This includes assisting in treatments, monitoring the patients' condition, administering medications, and educating the owners about the disease and treatment options. Our primary focus is to ensure the well-being of the patients while providing support and guidance to their owners throughout the treatment process.

Extravasation refers to the leakage of a drug solution from the vein into the surrounding tissues. This can occur during the administration of chemotherapy, and it can cause damage and irritation to the tissues. The other options, such as vasoconstriction or vasodilation due to chemotherapy, or using multiple administration routes, do not directly relate to extravasation. Therefore, the correct answer is when a drug solution leaks from the vein.

Weight gain is not on the AVMA list of early warning signs for cancer. The AVMA list includes symptoms such as difficulty urinating, defecating, and breathing, sores with an offensive odor, and loss of stamina. Weight gain is not typically associated with cancer and is therefore not included on the list.

Vincristine is an injectable chemotherapeutic agent. It is a vinca alkaloid that is used to treat various types of cancer, including leukemia, lymphoma, and solid tumors. It is administered intravenously and works by disrupting the formation of microtubules in cancer cells, thereby inhibiting their growth and division. Vincristine is typically given in a hospital or clinic setting by a healthcare professional. Lomustine is also an injectable chemotherapeutic agent, while Imuran is not. Therefore, the correct answer is Vincristine.

The given description states that there is regional involvement of many lymph nodes, with or without the involvement of the tonsils. This indicates that the lymphoma has spread beyond the original site but is still confined to one side of the diaphragm. According to the staging system, this corresponds to Stage 2, where the cancer has spread to multiple lymph nodes on the same side of the diaphragm.

Chlorambucil is an oral chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of various types of cancer, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lymphomas, and ovarian cancer. It belongs to the class of alkylating agents and works by interfering with the DNA replication process in cancer cells, ultimately leading to their death. Unlike Adrimyacin and L-Asparginase, which are typically administered intravenously, Chlorambucil can be taken orally, making it a convenient option for long-term treatment. Kidrolase is not a known chemotherapeutic agent and is not relevant to the question.

Increased calcium IS a good indicator. Anything above 2 is a value for concern UNLESS you know the animal has just been running in the park burning lactic acid. Take multiple samples and trend your results to get a true reading

Chemotherapeutic drugs can be exposed to humans through inhalation, absorption, and ingestion. Inhalation occurs when the drugs are inhaled into the respiratory system, absorption happens when the drugs are absorbed through the skin or mucous membranes, and ingestion occurs when the drugs are ingested orally. These three routes are the main ways in which humans can be exposed to chemotherapeutic drugs while handling them.

Chemotherapy treatment involves the use of drugs to kill or slow down the growth of cancer cells. The drugs used in chemotherapy can be administered in different ways, such as through pills, injections, or intravenous infusion. The correct answer, "Administered in frequent, small doses to minimize toxic effects," is not involved with chemotherapy treatment. In chemotherapy, the drugs are often given in specific doses and schedules to maximize their effectiveness against cancer cells while minimizing the harm to normal cells. The statement suggests a method of administering the drugs to minimize toxic effects, which is not a characteristic of chemotherapy treatment.

The correct answer is Stage 3 because "generalized lymph node involvement" typically refers to lymphoma that has spread to multiple lymph nodes on both sides of the diaphragm. In Stage 1, the lymphoma is limited to a single lymph node or a group of lymph nodes on one side of the diaphragm. In Stage 2, the lymphoma has spread to lymph nodes on both sides of the diaphragm. In Stage 4, the lymphoma has spread to organs outside of the lymphatic system. Stage 5 is not a recognized stage for lymphoma staging.

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Hyperthermia is the correct answer because it involves using heat to treat small epithelial tumors. Hyperthermia therapy raises the temperature of the targeted area, which can help destroy cancer cells and shrink tumors. This method is often used in conjunction with other treatments such as radiation or chemotherapy to enhance their effectiveness. Cryosurgery uses extreme cold, radiation uses high-energy rays, and chemotherapy uses drugs to treat tumors, but they are not specifically focused on using heat to burn small epithelial tumors.

Inherited genetic defects, viruses, diet, radiation, chemicals, trauma, chronic inflammation, and immune system dysfunctions can all be considered as potential carcinogenic factors. These factors have been linked to an increased risk of developing cancer. Inherited genetic defects can predispose individuals to certain types of cancer, while viruses such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B and C can cause certain types of cancer. Diet and exposure to radiation and chemicals have also been associated with an increased risk of cancer. Trauma, chronic inflammation, and immune system dysfunctions can promote the growth and spread of cancer cells.

Insulinoma is the correct answer because it is a type of tumor that develops in the pancreas and can be cancerous or malignant. It is characterized by the abnormal growth of cells that produce insulin, leading to excessive production of this hormone. Insulinomas can cause symptoms such as low blood sugar levels, weakness, confusion, and even seizures. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent further complications. Lipoma and chondroma, on the other hand, are benign tumors that do not spread to other parts of the body and are not considered cancerous. Therefore, they are not classified as malignant.

Chemotherapeutic agents are potent drugs used to treat cancer. They can be hazardous and require special handling to ensure the safety of both patients and healthcare providers. Storing and preparing these agents in their own dedicated room with separate storage space helps to prevent cross-contamination and accidental exposure. Additionally, posting warning signs and clean-up instructions further enhances safety measures. Finally, due to the potential risks associated with handling chemotherapeutic agents, only trained personnel should be allowed to handle them. Therefore, all of the given statements are true.