Periodic Trends And Bonding
In the study of science, particularly chemistry, there is arguably no better tool than the periodic table – an arrangement of each chemical element in order of their atomic number, electron configuration and recurring chemical properties. What do you know about the table with regards to periodic trends and bonding?
- 1.
What is the trend in atomic radius as you cross a period?
- A.
It decreases
- B.
It increases
- C.
It stays the same
Correct Answer
A. It decreasesExplanation
As you cross a period from left to right on the periodic table, the atomic radius generally decreases. This is because the number of protons in the nucleus increases, causing a stronger attraction between the protons and the electrons. As a result, the electrons are pulled closer to the nucleus, leading to a smaller atomic radius.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What is the trend in ionization energy as you travel down a group?
- A.
It increases
- B.
It decreases
- C.
It stays the same
Correct Answer
B. It decreasesExplanation
As you travel down a group in the periodic table, the trend in ionization energy is that it decreases. This is because as you move down a group, the number of energy levels or shells increases. The outermost electrons are further away from the positively charged nucleus, resulting in a weaker attraction between the electrons and the nucleus. Therefore, it requires less energy to remove an electron, leading to a decrease in ionization energy.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Where are metals located on the periodic table?
- A.
On the right of the stairstep
- B.
On the stairstep
- C.
On the left of the stairstep
Correct Answer
C. On the left of the stairstepExplanation
Metals are located on the left of the stairstep on the periodic table. This is because metals are typically found on the left side of the periodic table and are known for their high electrical conductivity, luster, and malleability. They tend to lose electrons and form positive ions during chemical reactions. The stairstep on the periodic table separates metals from nonmetals, with metals being located to the left and nonmetals to the right.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The trend in electronegativity across a period is that it:
- A.
Increases
- B.
Decreases
- C.
Stays the same
Correct Answer
A. IncreasesExplanation
The trend in electronegativity across a period is that it increases. Electronegativity is the measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. As we move across a period from left to right, the number of protons in the nucleus increases, resulting in a stronger positive charge. This increased positive charge attracts electrons more strongly, leading to a higher electronegativity value. Therefore, the electronegativity of elements generally increases as we move across a period.Rate this question:
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- 5.
An ionic bond forms between a metal and a non metal.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond that forms between a metal and a nonmetal. In this type of bond, electrons are transferred from the metal atom to the nonmetal atom, resulting in the formation of positively charged metal ions and negatively charged nonmetal ions. These ions are then attracted to each other due to their opposite charges, creating a strong bond. Therefore, it is true that an ionic bond forms between a metal and a nonmetal.Rate this question:
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- 6.
When the difference in electronegativity is low, ions are formed.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
When the difference in electronegativity is low, ions are not formed. Ions are formed when there is a high difference in electronegativity between atoms, causing one atom to attract the shared electrons more strongly and resulting in the formation of positively or negatively charged ions.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Covalent compounds are conductive.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Covalent compounds are not conductive because they do not have free ions or electrons that can carry an electric current. In covalent compounds, atoms share electrons to form bonds, and these shared electrons are localized between the bonded atoms rather than being free to move throughout the compound. Therefore, covalent compounds do not conduct electricity.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Watch the following video and check each statement that is correct.
- A.
Sodium becomes positively charged when it gains an electron
- B.
The chloride ion has a negative charge
- C.
The hydrogen oxygen bond is covalent
- D.
Atoms combine to form a stable octet of valence electrons
- E.
Covalent bonds form when the difference in electronegativity between atoms is high
Correct Answer(s)
B. The chloride ion has a negative charge
C. The hydrogen oxygen bond is covalent
D. Atoms combine to form a stable octet of valence electronsExplanation
The statement "The chloride ion has a negative charge" is correct because chloride ions have gained an electron, resulting in a negative charge. The statement "The hydrogen oxygen bond is covalent" is correct because hydrogen and oxygen share electrons in a covalent bond. The statement "Atoms combine to form a stable octet of valence electrons" is correct because atoms tend to bond with other atoms in order to achieve a full outer shell of electrons, which is often eight electrons.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Answer the following questions about metallic bonding after viewing this video
- A.
Metallic bonds can only occur between metals and non metals
- B.
The electron sea is salty
- C.
The electron sea is made of delocalized electrons
Correct Answer
C. The electron sea is made of delocalized electronsExplanation
Metallic bonding occurs between metal atoms, not between metals and non-metals. In a metallic bond, the valence electrons are delocalized and form a "sea" of electrons that are free to move throughout the metal lattice. This delocalization of electrons allows metals to conduct electricity and heat well. Therefore, the correct answer is that the electron sea is made of delocalized electrons.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Mar 31, 2011Quiz Created by
Ydmondragon
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