Phlebotomy Final Exam Quiz

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Do you want to pursue a career in the field of Phlebotomy? If you are preparing for Phlebotomy exams, take this phlebotomy final exam practice test to test your knowledge about the subject. It is basically the art of taking out blood from the veins. So, it is a very crucial thing that must be done accurately. If you have practiced enough that you can ace an exam, take this quiz. You can get a perfect score if you know everything about Phlebotomy. All the best!

Phlebotomy Exam Questions and Answers

1.

The single most important means of preventing the spread of infection are:
- A.
  
  Hand washing before and after contact with each patient
- B.
  
  Identifying the disease being isolated
- C.
  
  Wearing gloves when drawing infection patient
- D.
  
  Wearing a mask into an isolation room
Correct Answer
A. Hand washing before and after contact with each patient

Explanation
Hand washing before and after contact with each patient is the single most important means of preventing the spread of infection because it helps to remove and kill any microorganisms that may be present on the hands. This reduces the risk of transmitting these microorganisms to other patients or oneself. Proper hand hygiene is essential in healthcare settings to prevent healthcare-associated infections and to maintain a safe and clean environment for patients and healthcare workers. Identifying the disease being isolated, wearing gloves when drawing from an infective patient, and wearing a mask in an isolation room are also important infection control measures, but hand washing is considered the most crucial.

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21
2.

The most critical step in phlebotomy is:
- A.
  
  Cleansing the site
- B.
  
  Patient identification
- C.
  
  Proper needle length
- D.
  
  Using the correct tube
Correct Answer
B. Patient identification

Explanation
Patient identification is the most critical step in phlebotomy because it ensures that the blood sample is correctly labeled with the patient's information. This is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment of the patient. Incorrectly identifying the patient can lead to serious medical errors and potential harm to the patient. Therefore, proper patient identification is essential to maintain patient safety and prevent any potential complications.

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22
3.

A conscious hospital patient does not have an armband. The name and number on the door agree with the requisition. What should the phlebotomist do?
- A.
  
  Ask the patient for verbal verification of his name.
- B.
  
  Do not draw the patient until an armband has been applied.
- C.
  
  Draw the patient and take the specimen to the lab
- D.
  
  Draw the patient and then ask the nurse to identify the patient
Correct Answer
B. Do not draw the patient until an armband has been applied.

Explanation
The phlebotomist should not draw the patient until an armband has been applied. This is important for patient identification and safety. The absence of an armband means there is a risk of misidentifying the patient, which can lead to serious consequences such as administering the wrong treatment or medication. Verbal verification from the patient alone is not sufficient, as it may not be reliable or accurate. Therefore, it is crucial to wait for the armband to ensure proper identification before proceeding with any procedures.

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16
4.

The needle should be inserted into the arm with the bevel facing.
- A.
  
  Down
- B.
  
  Make no difference
- C.
  
  To either side
- D.
  
  Up
Correct Answer
D. Up

Explanation
The correct answer is "Up". When inserting a needle into the arm, it is important to position the bevel facing up. This allows for easier and smoother insertion into the skin, minimizing discomfort for the patient. Additionally, inserting the needle with the bevel facing up ensures that the medication or fluids being administered flow properly through the needle and into the bloodstream.

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14
5.

The antiseptic of choice for routine phlebotomy is:
- A.
  
  Tincture of iodine
- B.
  
  70% isopropyl alcohol
- C.
  
  70% methyl alcohol
- D.
  
  Povidone iodine
Correct Answer
B. 70% isopropyl alcohol

Explanation
70% isopropyl alcohol is the antiseptic of choice for routine phlebotomy because it is effective in killing a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses. It is also less likely to cause skin irritation compared to other antiseptics. Isopropyl alcohol is commonly used in healthcare settings for disinfecting the skin before procedures, such as blood draws, to reduce the risk of infection.

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9
6.

The number one vein of choice for venipuncture in the antecubital fossa is:
- A.
  
  Basilic
- B.
  
  Cephalic
- C.
  
  Median cubital
- D.
  
  Brachial
Correct Answer
C. Median cubital

Explanation
The correct answer is Median cubital. The median cubital vein is the preferred vein for venipuncture in the antecubital fossa because it is usually large, straight, and easily accessible. It is located in the middle of the antecubital fossa and is less likely to be near nerves or arteries, reducing the risk of complications during venipuncture. The basilic vein is often avoided due to its proximity to the brachial artery and the median nerve. The cephalic vein is also an option, but it may not be as easily accessible as the median cubital vein in some individuals. The brachial vein is not typically used for venipuncture in the antecubital fossa.

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10
7.

Which blood vessels carry blood that is high in oxygen?
- A.
  
  Veins
- B.
  
  Arteries
- C.
  
  Venules
- D.
  
  Vena Cava
Correct Answer
B. Arteries

Explanation
Arteries carry blood that is high in oxygen. Oxygenated blood is pumped out of the heart by the left ventricle and enters the arteries, which transport it to various parts of the body. Arteries have thick, elastic walls to withstand the pressure generated by the heart's pumping action. The oxygen-rich blood is then delivered to the body's tissues and organs through smaller arterioles and capillaries. Veins, on the other hand, carry blood that is low in oxygen and return it back to the heart. Venules are small veins that collect deoxygenated blood from capillaries. The vena cava is the largest vein in the body and carries deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart.

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13
8.

Which of the following techniques should be followed in performing all skin punctures?
- A.
  
  Wipe the site with alcohol to increase the flow of blood
- B.
  
  Apply a constant, repetitive pressure to increase blood flow
- C.
  
  Use povidone-iodine to cleanse the skin surface.
- D.
  
  Wipe away the first drop of blood
Correct Answer
D. Wipe away the first drop of blood

Explanation
Wiping away the first drop of blood is a technique that should be followed in performing all skin punctures. This is done to remove any tissue fluid or contaminants that may be present on the surface of the skin, which could potentially affect the accuracy of the blood sample. By wiping away the first drop of blood, a cleaner and more representative sample can be obtained for testing.

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14
9.

Fibrinogen is found in:
- A.
  
  Serum
- B.
  
  Plasma
- C.
  
  Both serum and plasma
- D.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Plasma

Explanation
Fibrinogen is a protein that is involved in blood clotting. It is produced in the liver and is found in the liquid part of blood called plasma. Plasma is the component of blood that remains after the blood cells have been removed. Therefore, the correct answer is plasma.

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6
10.

Another term used to describe a red blood cell is:
- A.
  
  Leukocyte
- B.
  
  Thrombocyte
- C.
  
  Erythrocyte
- D.
  
  Lymphocyte
Correct Answer
C. Erythrocyte

Explanation
Erythrocyte is another term used to describe a red blood cell. Erythrocytes are the most common type of blood cells and their main function is to transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. They contain a protein called hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen and gives the cells their red color. Erythrocytes are produced in the bone marrow and have a lifespan of about 120 days. They do not have a nucleus, allowing for more space to carry oxygen.

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7
11.

The name given to an infection that a patient acquired after admission to a healthcare facility is:
- A.
  
  Communicable
- B.
  
  Reportable
- C.
  
  Nosocomial
- D.
  
  Antibiotic-Resistant
Correct Answer
C. Nosocomial

Explanation
Nosocomial refers to an infection that a patient acquires after being admitted to a healthcare facility. This term is used to describe infections that are acquired within the healthcare setting, such as hospitals or nursing homes. These infections can be caused by a variety of factors, including the presence of bacteria, viruses, or fungi, as well as poor hygiene practices or inadequate infection control measures. Nosocomial infections are a significant concern in healthcare settings, as they can lead to increased morbidity and mortality rates, prolonged hospital stays, and increased healthcare costs.

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9
12.

When performing bleeding time, the blood pressure cuff should be inflated to:
- A.
  
  40 mm Hg
- B.
  
  20 mm Hg
- C.
  
  80 mm Hg
- D.
  
  60 mm Hg
Correct Answer
A. 40 mm Hg

Explanation
The correct answer is 40 mm Hg. When performing a bleeding time test, the blood pressure cuff should be inflated to 40 mm Hg. This pressure is sufficient to temporarily stop the blood flow in the small blood vessels of the forearm. By releasing the pressure and measuring the time it takes for bleeding to stop, the bleeding time can be determined, which is an important test for assessing platelet function and the ability of blood to clot.

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9
13.

The smallest blood vessel in the body where gas exchange takes place is a (an)
- A.
  
  Capillary
- B.
  
  Venule
- C.
  
  Arteriole
- D.
  
  Vein
Correct Answer
A. Capillary

Explanation
Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels in the body where gas exchange takes place. They have thin walls that allow for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and tissues. Capillaries connect arterioles and venules, and their small size and large surface area allow for efficient diffusion of gasses, nutrients, and waste products.

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7
14.

What is the lifespan of a mature RBC?
- A.
  
  120 days
- B.
  
  100 days
- C.
  
  10 days
- D.
  
  15-20 days
Correct Answer
A. 120 days

Explanation
The lifespan of a mature RBC (red blood cell) is 120 days. This means that after being produced in the bone marrow, the RBC circulates in the bloodstream for approximately 4 months before being removed by the spleen and liver. This lifespan is important for maintaining a healthy balance of RBCs in the body and ensuring efficient oxygen transport.

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10
15.

The process by which the body maintains a state of equilibrium is:
- A.
  
  Homeostasis
- B.
  
  Anabolism
- C.
  
  Hemostasis
- D.
  
  Metabolism
Correct Answer
A. Homeostasis

Explanation
Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. It involves various physiological processes that work together to regulate temperature, pH levels, blood pressure, and other vital parameters within a narrow range. This balance is crucial for the proper functioning of cells, tissues, and organs. Anabolism refers to the process of building up complex molecules, hemostasis refers to the control of bleeding, and metabolism refers to all the chemical reactions that occur in the body. However, only homeostasis specifically relates to the body's ability to maintain equilibrium.

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7
16.

Which of the following is an accessory organ of the digestive system?
- A.
  
  Heart
- B.
  
  Lung
- C.
  
  Liver
- D.
  
  Ovary
Correct Answer
C. Liver

Explanation
The liver is an accessory organ of the digestive system. It plays a crucial role in the digestion and metabolism of nutrients. It produces bile, which helps in the breakdown and absorption of fats. The liver also detoxifies harmful substances and stores vitamins and minerals. Additionally, it produces blood-clotting proteins and regulates blood sugar levels. Therefore, the liver is an essential organ for proper digestion and overall health.

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8
17.

The mitral valve in the heart is also called the:
- A.
  
  Pulmonary valve
- B.
  
  Bicuspid valve
- C.
  
  Aortic valve
- D.
  
  Tricuspid valve
Correct Answer
B. Bicuspid valve

Explanation
The mitral valve in the heart is also called the bicuspid valve. This valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. It consists of two cusps or flaps that open and close to regulate the flow of blood from the atrium to the ventricle. The term "bicuspid" refers to the valve having two cusps, distinguishing it from the tricuspid valve, which has three cusps. The mitral valve is responsible for preventing the backflow of blood from the ventricle to the atrium during contraction of the heart.

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7
18.

In which organ is insulin produced?
- A.
  
  Liver
- B.
  
  Pancreas
- C.
  
  Gallbladder
- D.
  
  Kidney
Correct Answer
B. Pancreas

Explanation
Insulin is produced in the pancreas. The pancreas is a gland located in the abdomen that plays a crucial role in the digestive and endocrine systems. It produces and releases insulin, a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose from the bloodstream into cells. Insulin is essential for maintaining normal blood sugar levels and is primarily produced in the beta cells of the pancreas.

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5
19.

Which of the following veins is NOT typically used for routine venipuncture?
- A.
  
  Median cubital vein
- B.
  
  Cephalic vein
- C.
  
  Basilic vein
- D.
  
  Femoral vein
Correct Answer
D. Femoral vein

Explanation
The femoral vein, located in the groin, is a large and deep vein that is not typically used for routine blood draws. It is more commonly accessed in emergency situations or for specific medical procedures. The median cubital, cephalic, and basilic veins in the antecubital fossa (inside the elbow) are the preferred sites for venipuncture due to their accessibility and ease of palpation.

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10
20.

The normal composition of blood is approximate:
- A.
  
  10% plasma, 90% formed elements
- B.
  
  55% plasma, 45% formed elements
- C.
  
  90% plasma, 10% formed elements
- D.
  
  45% plasma, 55% formed elements
Correct Answer
B. 55% plasma, 45% formed elements

Explanation
The correct answer is 55% plasma, 45% formed elements. This means that the majority of blood is made up of plasma, which is a yellowish liquid that carries various substances such as nutrients, hormones, and waste products. The formed elements refer to the solid components of blood, which include red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. These formed elements make up a smaller portion of the blood compared to plasma.

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10
21.

Blood from the body is returned to the heart by the __________.

Correct Answer
Veins, veins

Explanation
Veins are the type of blood vessels responsible for carrying blood back to the heart after it has circulated through the body. This blood is usually low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide, and veins have valves that help prevent the backflow of blood, ensuring it moves in the direction of the heart efficiently.

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5
22.

Which of the following represents the three primary types of blood vessels in the human body?
- A.
  
  Veins, arteries, and alveoli
- B.
  
  Capillaries, arteries, and alveoli
- C.
  
  Veins, arteries, and capillaries
- D.
  
  Arteries, bronchioles, and veins
Correct Answer
C. Veins, arteries, and capillaries

Explanation
These three types of blood vessels make up the circulatory system. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, while veins return deoxygenated blood to the heart. Capillaries are tiny, thin-walled vessels where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged between the blood and body tissues.

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6
23.

Name the three parts of the circulatory system.

Correct Answer
Heart, Blood, blood vessels

Explanation
The circulatory system consists of three main parts: the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The heart acts as the pump, continuously pumping blood throughout the body. Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products, ensuring that the body's cells receive what they need and removing what they don't. Blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries, transport the blood to and from the heart and deliver it to various parts of the body. Together, these three components work together to maintain circulation and support the body's overall functioning.

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8
24.

Name six elements of the chain of infection.

Correct Answer
Infectious agent, Reservoir, Exit pathway, Means of transmission, Entry pathway, Susceptible host

Explanation
The chain of infection comprises six essential elements: infectious agent, reservoir, port of exit, mode of transmission, port of entry, and susceptible host. The infectious agent is the pathogen causing the infection. The reservoir is the source where the pathogen resides and multiplies. Port of exit and entry are the routes through which the pathogen exits and enters hosts, respectively. Mode of transmission describes how the pathogen spreads, and susceptible hosts are individuals at risk of infection.

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5
25.

Name types of infection

Correct Answer
bacteria, fungus, virus, protozoon, rickettsia

Explanation
The correct answer lists different types of infections, including bacteria, fungus, virus, protozoon, and rickettsia. These are all different categories of microorganisms that can cause infections in humans and other organisms. Bacteria are single-celled organisms that can cause a wide range of infections, from minor skin infections to more serious conditions like pneumonia. Fungi are multicellular organisms that can cause infections like athlete's foot and fungal nail infections. Viruses are tiny infectious agents that can cause illnesses like the common cold, flu, and COVID-19. Protozoa are single-celled organisms that can cause infections like malaria and amoebiasis. Rickettsia are a type of bacteria that are transmitted through ticks, fleas, and lice and can cause diseases like Rocky Mountain spotted fever and typhus.

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7
26.

Name the two therapeutic types of phlebotomy.

Correct Answer
Polycythemia, Hemochromatosis

Explanation
Polycythemia and Hemochromatosis are the two therapeutic types of phlebotomy. Polycythemia is a condition characterized by an increased number of red blood cells, and phlebotomy is performed to reduce the excess red blood cells. Hemochromatosis, on the other hand, is a condition where there is an excessive accumulation of iron in the body. Phlebotomy is used as a treatment to remove excess iron from the body. Therefore, both polycythemia and hemochromatosis require therapeutic phlebotomy to manage the conditions.

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7
27.

______ is the rupture or destruction of red blood cells, which can occur if the venipuncture technique is incorrect or the blood is handled improperly.

Correct Answer
Hemolysis, hemolysis

Explanation
Hemolysis can affect the accuracy of blood test results, as it releases intracellular components into the serum or plasma. Proper venipuncture technique, including using the appropriate needle size and avoiding excessive force or shaking of the blood collection tubes, can help prevent hemolysis.

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3
28.

Name the five modes of infection transmission.

Correct Answer
Airborne, Contact, Droplet, Vector, Vehicle

Explanation
The five modes of infection transmission are airborne, contact, droplet, vector, and vehicle. Airborne transmission occurs through the inhalation of infectious particles suspended in the air. Contact transmission happens through direct physical contact with an infected individual or contaminated surfaces. Droplet transmission occurs when respiratory droplets containing the infectious agent are expelled during coughing or sneezing. Vector transmission involves the transfer of the infectious agent through vectors like mosquitoes or ticks. Vehicle transmission refers to the transmission through contaminated objects or substances, such as food or water.

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3
29.

The ______ fossa, located on the anterior surface of the elbow, is a common site for venipuncture due to its easily accessible veins.

Correct Answer
antecubital, Antecubital

Explanation
The antecubital fossa is a triangular region on the inside of the elbow that houses several superficial veins, making it a prime location for drawing blood. These veins are relatively large, easy to palpate, and less likely to cause discomfort during venipuncture.

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4
30.

A ______ is a localized collection of blood outside of a blood vessel, often caused by an injury to the vein during venipuncture.

Correct Answer
hematoma, Hematoma

Explanation
A hematoma is a common complication of venipuncture, occurring when blood leaks from the puncture site into the surrounding tissue. It can cause bruising, swelling, and discomfort. Proper venipuncture technique and applying pressure to the site after needle removal can help minimize the risk of hematoma formation.

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2
31.

Name the three major veins for venipuncture.

Correct Answer
Median cubital vein, Cephalic vein, Basilic vein

Explanation
The correct answer is the median cubital vein, cephalic vein, and basilic vein. These three veins are commonly used for venipuncture procedures. The median cubital vein is located in the middle of the arm and is often the first choice for venipuncture due to its accessibility and relatively large size. The cephalic vein is located on the outer side of the arm and is also frequently used for venipuncture. The basilic vein is located on the inner side of the arm and is another common choice for venipuncture. These three veins are preferred for venipuncture as they are easily accessible and have a good blood flow.

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4
32.

All blood samples should be handled using universal safety precautions.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Universal safety precautions refer to a set of guidelines and practices that are followed to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases. This includes handling blood samples in a safe and appropriate manner to minimize the risk of contamination and infection. Therefore, it is true that all blood samples should be handled using universal safety precautions.

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4
33.

A light blue tube must be filled at least 90% full to ensure a quality specimen.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
To ensure a quality specimen, a light blue tube must be filled at least 90% full. This is because the tube contains specific additives and anticoagulants that are necessary for accurate testing. If the tube is not filled to the required level, there may not be enough of these substances present, leading to inaccurate results. Therefore, it is important to fill the tube at least 90% full to ensure the reliability and validity of the specimen.

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1
34.

The maximum recommended depth for a heel stick is 3.0mm or less.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The maximum recommended depth for a heel stick is not 3.0mm or less.

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2
35.

Patient identification is an opportunity to correctly identify the patient and to put the patient at ease with the procedure.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Patient identification is indeed an opportunity to ensure the correct identification of the patient and to make them feel comfortable with the procedure. This process involves verifying the patient's identity using multiple identifiers such as their name, date of birth, and medical record number. By correctly identifying the patient, healthcare providers can prevent medical errors, ensure accurate documentation, and provide personalized care. Additionally, confirming the patient's identity can help alleviate any anxiety or concerns they may have, promoting a positive patient experience.

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2
36.

After drawing a blood specimen, it is acceptable to pour part of the sample into another tube only if they are the same colored tubes (ex: lavender tube into another lavender tube).
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
Pouring part of a blood specimen into another tube is not acceptable, even if the tubes are the same color. This is because it can introduce contamination or alter the integrity of the sample. It is important to handle blood specimens carefully and follow proper protocols to ensure accurate test results.

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1
37.

Another name for a blood bank is Hematology.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The statement is not correct. Hematology is the study of blood and blood disorders, not a blood bank. A blood bank is a facility where blood is collected, stored, and processed for transfusion. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

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4
38.

Sodium citrate is present in a lavender top tube.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
Sodium citrate is not present in a lavender top tube. Lavender top tubes typically contain an anticoagulant called EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) which is used to prevent blood from clotting. Sodium citrate is commonly found in blue top tubes and is used as an anticoagulant for coagulation studies. Therefore, the statement is false.

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2
39.

The slanted tip of the needle that enters the vein is called the lumen.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The slanted tip of the needle that enters the vein is not called the lumen. The lumen refers to the hollow space inside the needle or blood vessel.

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3
40.

A zone of comfort is an example of proxemics.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Proxemics is the study of how people perceive and use space in different social and cultural contexts. A zone of comfort refers to the personal space that individuals prefer to maintain around themselves. This concept is a part of proxemics as it explores the spatial relationships and boundaries that people establish to feel comfortable. Therefore, it is correct to say that a zone of comfort is an example of proxemics.

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3
41.

Misidentifying a patient specimen is the most critical error a phlebotomist can make.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Misidentifying a patient specimen is the most critical error a phlebotomist can make because it can lead to serious consequences. If a phlebotomist labels a specimen incorrectly, it can result in misdiagnosis, wrong treatment, or even harm to the patient. Proper identification of patient specimens is crucial to ensure accurate testing and appropriate medical care.

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5
42.

Which procedure is normally collected by a nurse or respiratory therapist?
- A.
  
  Glucose Tolerance Test
- B.
  
  Routine blood collection
- C.
  
  Arterial Blood Gas
- D.
  
  Capillary skin puncture
Correct Answer
C. Arterial Blood Gas

Explanation
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) is a procedure that is typically performed by a nurse or respiratory therapist. It involves drawing blood from an artery to measure the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other gases in the blood. This test is commonly used to assess a patient's respiratory and metabolic status and to diagnose and monitor conditions such as respiratory failure, lung disease, and acid-base imbalances. Routine blood collection, glucose tolerance test, and capillary skin puncture are not typically performed by a nurse or respiratory therapist for the purpose of assessing respiratory and metabolic function.

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2
43.

Which of the following is the reason for cleansing the first drop of blood in a dermal puncture?
- A.
  
  To rid the sample of arterial blood.
- B.
  
  To rid the specimen of fluid from tissue.
- C.
  
  To rid the specimen of potassium.
- D.
  
  All of the above are correct.
Correct Answer
B. To rid the specimen of fluid from tissue.

Explanation
The reason for cleansing the first drop of blood in a dermal puncture is to rid the specimen of fluid from tissue. This is important because the first drop of blood may contain contaminants from the surrounding tissue, such as sweat or interstitial fluid. By cleansing the first drop, these contaminants can be removed, ensuring a more accurate and representative blood sample for testing.

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2
44.

What does the phlebotomist look for when identifying a newborn?
- A.
  
  The first and last name on the ID band
- B.
  
  The hospital identification number and the last name
- C.
  
  The date of birth
- D.
  
  The mother's ID bracelet
Correct Answer
B. The hospital identification number and the last name

Explanation
When identifying a newborn, the phlebotomist looks for the hospital identification number and the last name. This is important for ensuring that the correct newborn is being identified and that any tests or procedures are being done on the right baby. The hospital identification number helps to uniquely identify the newborn, while the last name helps to confirm their identity. The other options listed, such as the first and last name on the ID band, the date of birth, and the mother's ID bracelet, may also be important for identification purposes, but the hospital identification number and last name are the primary factors that the phlebotomist looks for.

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45.

Which of the following should a phlebotomist not do when drawing blood from a child?
- A.
  
  Use the patient identification process.
- B.
  
  Explain the procedure
- C.
  
  Tell the child that the procedure will not hurt.
- D.
  
  During the draw, tell the child "just a few more seconds."
Correct Answer
C. Tell the child that the procedure will not hurt.

Explanation
A phlebotomist should not tell a child that the procedure will not hurt when drawing blood. This is because it may not be true and can lead to a loss of trust if the child experiences pain during the procedure. It is important for the phlebotomist to be honest and transparent with the child, explaining the procedure and reassuring them that they will do their best to minimize any discomfort.

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3
46.

Improper cleansing of a venipuncture site can cause:
- A.
  
  Hematoma
- B.
  
  Septicemia
- C.
  
  Petechiae
- D.
  
  All of the above are correct.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above are correct.

Explanation
Improper cleansing of a venipuncture site can cause a hematoma. A hematoma is a localized collection of blood outside the blood vessels, usually due to a break in the vessel wall. If the site is not properly cleansed before the procedure, bacteria can enter the bloodstream and cause an infection called septicemia. Petechiae, which are small red or purple spots on the skin, can also occur if the site is not properly cleaned. Therefore, all of the above options are correct.

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47.

The primary function of a red blood cell is:
- A.
  
  Fight infections
- B.
  
  Carry iron
- C.
  
  Carry iodine
- D.
  
  Carry hemoglobin
Correct Answer
D. Carry hemoglobin

Explanation
Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and delivering carbon dioxide from the body's tissues back to the lungs. Hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells, binds to oxygen in the lungs and releases it in the tissues. This process allows for efficient oxygen transport and ensures that all cells in the body receive the oxygen they need to function properly. Therefore, the primary function of a red blood cell is to carry hemoglobin.

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48.

The liquid portion of the blood is:
- A.
  
  Serum
- B.
  
  Hemoglobin
- C.
  
  The sediment
- D.
  
  Plasma
Correct Answer
D. Plasma

Explanation
Plasma is the correct answer because it is the liquid portion of the blood that remains after the cells, platelets, and clotting factors have been removed. It is a yellowish fluid that contains water, electrolytes, proteins, hormones, waste products, and other substances. Plasma plays a crucial role in transporting nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body, maintaining blood pressure, and regulating body temperature.

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49.

Anatomy is
- A.
  
  The structure of the human body
- B.
  
  The function of the human body
- C.
  
  Homeostasis
- D.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer
A. The structure of the human body

Explanation
Anatomy is the study of the structure of the human body, including the arrangement and organization of its various parts. It involves examining the relationships between different body systems, organs, tissues, and cells. By studying anatomy, we can gain a better understanding of how the body is organized and how its different parts work together to maintain normal function. This knowledge is essential for healthcare professionals, as it helps in diagnosing and treating diseases and injuries.

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50.

Hemostasis is
- A.
  
  The ability of the body to return to normal conditions under bleeding
- B.
  
  The ability of the blood to clot whenever necessary
- C.
  
  When a person has had an adequate sleep and has not eaten in 12 hours
- D.
  
  The ability of the body to recognize an invading organism
Correct Answer
B. The ability of the blood to clot whenever necessary

Explanation
Hemostasis refers to the body's ability to stop bleeding and maintain blood flow within the circulatory system. It involves a complex process that includes vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation, and blood clotting. The correct answer states that hemostasis is the ability of the blood to clot whenever necessary, which accurately describes one of the key mechanisms involved in hemostasis.

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3

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Phlebotomy Final Exam Quiz

Phlebotomy Exam Questions and Answers

The single most important means of preventing the spread of infection are:

The most critical step in phlebotomy is:

A conscious hospital patient does not have an armband. The name and number on the door agree with the requisition. What should the phlebotomist do?

The needle should be inserted into the arm with the bevel facing.

The antiseptic of choice for routine phlebotomy is:

The number one vein of choice for venipuncture in the antecubital fossa is:

Which blood vessels carry blood that is high in oxygen?

Which of the following techniques should be followed in performing all skin punctures?

Fibrinogen is found in:

Another term used to describe a red blood cell is:

The name given to an infection that a patient acquired after admission to a healthcare facility is:

When performing bleeding time, the blood pressure cuff should be inflated to:

The smallest blood vessel in the body where gas exchange takes place is a (an)

What is the lifespan of a mature RBC?

The process by which the body maintains a state of equilibrium is:

Which of the following is an accessory organ of the digestive system?

The mitral valve in the heart is also called the:

In which organ is insulin produced?

Which of the following veins is NOT typically used for routine venipuncture?

The normal composition of blood is approximate:

Blood from the body is returned to the heart by the __________.

Which of the following represents the three primary types of blood vessels in the human body?

Name the three parts of the circulatory system.

Name six elements of the chain of infection.

Name types of infection

Name the two therapeutic types of phlebotomy.

______ is the rupture or destruction of red blood cells, which can occur if the venipuncture technique is incorrect or the blood is handled improperly.

Name the five modes of infection transmission.

The ______ fossa, located on the anterior surface of the elbow, is a common site for venipuncture due to its easily accessible veins.

A ______ is a localized collection of blood outside of a blood vessel, often caused by an injury to the vein during venipuncture.

Name the three major veins for venipuncture.

All blood samples should be handled using universal safety precautions.

A light blue tube must be filled at least 90% full to ensure a quality specimen.

The maximum recommended depth for a heel stick is 3.0mm or less.

Patient identification is an opportunity to correctly identify the patient and to put the patient at ease with the procedure.

After drawing a blood specimen, it is acceptable to pour part of the sample into another tube only if they are the same colored tubes (ex: lavender tube into another lavender tube).

Another name for a blood bank is Hematology.

Sodium citrate is present in a lavender top tube.

The slanted tip of the needle that enters the vein is called the lumen.

A zone of comfort is an example of proxemics.

Misidentifying a patient specimen is the most critical error a phlebotomist can make.

Which procedure is normally collected by a nurse or respiratory therapist?

Which of the following is the reason for cleansing the first drop of blood in a dermal puncture?

What does the phlebotomist look for when identifying a newborn?

Which of the following should a phlebotomist not do when drawing blood from a child?

Improper cleansing of a venipuncture site can cause:

The primary function of a red blood cell is:

The liquid portion of the blood is:

Anatomy is

Hemostasis is