You Think You Know About Human Biology? Pass This Biology Quiz
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Human biology is an interdisciplinary area of academic study that examines humans through the influences and interplay of many diverse fields such as genetics, evolution, physiology, anatomy, epidemiology, anthropology, ecology, nutrition, population genetics, and sociocultural influences.
You Think You Know About Human Biology? Pass This Biology Quiz
- 1.
Which of the following statement(s) is correct?(1). Respiration is involuntary and may be also voluntary.(2). Involuntary respiration is controlled mainly by the medulla oblongata while voluntary respiration is controlled by the cerebral cortex.
- A.
Both statements are correct.
- B.
Statement (1) only is correct because involuntary respiration is controlled by the spinal cord.
- C.
Both statements are incorrect.
- D.
Statement (1) only is correct because voluntary respiration is controlled by the hypothalamus.
Correct Answer
A. Both statements are correct.Explanation
Both statements are correct. Respiration can be both involuntary and voluntary. Involuntary respiration is primarily controlled by the medulla oblongata, while voluntary respiration is controlled by the cerebral cortex.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The peripheral nervous system includes the nerves, which ____.
- A.
Extend to other parts of the body including muscles and organs.
- B.
Lie outside of the central nervous system (CNS).
- C.
Allow us to react to stimuli in our environment.
- D.
All of them.
Correct Answer
D. All of them.Explanation
The peripheral nervous system includes the nerves that extend to other parts of the body including muscles and organs, lie outside of the central nervous system (CNS), and allow us to react to stimuli in our environment. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of them."Rate this question:
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- 3.
The peripheral nervous system consists of nerves that form the communication network between the ……… and the body parts.
- A.
Muscular and skeletal system
- B.
Sympathetic system
- C.
Parasympathetic system
- D.
Central nervous system
Correct Answer
D. Central nervous systemExplanation
The peripheral nervous system consists of nerves that form the communication network between the central nervous system and the body parts. The central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord, is responsible for processing and coordinating information received from the peripheral nervous system. It controls and regulates bodily functions and movements. Therefore, the central nervous system is the correct answer as it is directly involved in the communication network between the body parts and the peripheral nervous system.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the following is/are characteristic of the parasympathetic system?
- A.
Causes the pupil to constrict
- B.
Promotes digestion of food
- C.
Retards the heartbeat
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The parasympathetic system is responsible for rest and digest activities. It causes the pupil to constrict, promoting better focus on nearby objects. It also promotes digestion of food by increasing saliva production and stimulating the release of digestive enzymes. Additionally, the parasympathetic system slows down the heartbeat, helping to conserve energy during periods of rest and relaxation. Therefore, all of the given options are characteristic of the parasympathetic system.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following is/(are) characteristic of the sympathetic system?
- A.
Inhibits the digestive tract.
- B.
Dilates the bronchi.
- C.
Accelerates the heart beats.
- D.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above.Explanation
The sympathetic system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response in the body. It activates various physiological changes to prepare the body for action. Inhibiting the digestive tract allows for more blood flow to be directed towards the muscles and organs needed for immediate action. Dilating the bronchi increases oxygen intake and enhances respiratory function. Accelerating the heart beats increases blood flow and oxygen delivery to the muscles. Therefore, all of the given characteristics are characteristic of the sympathetic system.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The part of the body that receives information from all over the body in order to make decisions is called the _____.
- A.
Peripheral nervous system
- B.
Sympathetic nervous system
- C.
Central nervous system
- D.
Parasympathetic nervous system
Correct Answer
C. Central nervous systemExplanation
The central nervous system is responsible for receiving information from all over the body in order to make decisions. It consists of the brain and spinal cord, which receive and process sensory information from the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system then sends out motor commands to the rest of the body, allowing it to respond to the information received.Rate this question:
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- 7.
How many pairs of cranial nerves do humans have?
- A.
4
- B.
12
- C.
16
- D.
24
Correct Answer
B. 12Explanation
Humans have 12 pairs of cranial nerves. These nerves originate from the brain and are responsible for various functions such as sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions. Each pair of cranial nerves serves a specific region or function in the head and neck, including the senses of smell, vision, hearing, and taste, as well as controlling facial muscles and regulating heart rate and blood pressure.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The ________ contains centers for heartbeat, breathing, and blood pressure.
- A.
Cerebellum
- B.
Cerebrum (Cerebral Cortex)
- C.
Spinal cord
- D.
Medulla oblongata
Correct Answer
D. Medulla oblongataExplanation
The medulla oblongata is responsible for controlling vital functions such as heartbeat, breathing, and blood pressure. It is located at the base of the brainstem and serves as a relay station between the brain and the spinal cord. The medulla oblongata contains various centers that regulate these essential physiological processes, making it the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Dorsal root ganglia contain.....
- A.
The cell bodies of sensory neurons that bring information from the periphery to the spinal cord.
- B.
Spinal motor fibers.
- C.
Sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons.
- D.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
A. The cell bodies of sensory neurons that bring information from the peripHery to the spinal cord.Explanation
The correct answer is "The cell bodies of sensory neurons that bring information from the periphery to the spinal cord." This is because dorsal root ganglia are clusters of cell bodies located along the dorsal roots of the spinal nerves. These cell bodies belong to sensory neurons, which transmit information from sensory receptors in the periphery (such as the skin, muscles, and organs) to the spinal cord. Therefore, the statement accurately describes the contents of the dorsal root ganglia.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A sensory neuron of the peripheral nervous system takes nerve impulses from sensory receptors to the ________.
- A.
Skin.
- B.
Central nervous system.
- C.
Muscles.
- D.
Autonomic nervous system.
Correct Answer
B. Central nervous system.Explanation
A sensory neuron of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses from sensory receptors to the central nervous system. The central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord, processes and interprets these nerve impulses to generate appropriate responses. The skin, muscles, and autonomic nervous system are not directly involved in this process.Rate this question:
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- 11.
All of the following are components of reflex arcs except …….
- A.
Motor neurons
- B.
Sensory neurons
- C.
Inter-neurons
- D.
Center of feeling pain
Correct Answer
D. Center of feeling painExplanation
The center of feeling pain is not a component of a reflex arc. A reflex arc is a neural pathway that controls reflex actions, which are rapid and involuntary responses to stimuli. The components of a reflex arc include sensory neurons that detect the stimulus, interneurons that transmit the signal to the appropriate motor neurons, and motor neurons that carry the signal to the effector (muscle or gland) to produce a response. The center of feeling pain is not directly involved in the reflex arc pathway.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of these is not a reflex action?
- A.
Secretion of saliva
- B.
Learning how to read music score sheet
- C.
Withdrawal of hand due to a needle prick
- D.
Blinking of eyes when an insect comes very near to the eyes.
Correct Answer
B. Learning how to read music score sheetExplanation
Reflex actions are involuntary and automatic responses to stimuli. They are not learned behaviors. Secretion of saliva, withdrawal of hand due to a needle prick, and blinking of eyes when an insect comes near are all examples of reflex actions. However, learning how to read music score sheet is a cognitive process that involves conscious thinking and understanding, not an automatic reflex action.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Reflex action is controlled by......
- A.
Autonomic nervous system
- B.
Peripheral nervous system
- C.
Part of the central nervous system
- D.
None of these
Correct Answer
C. Part of the central nervous systemExplanation
Reflex actions are involuntary and rapid responses to stimuli that bypass conscious control. These actions are controlled by a part of the central nervous system, specifically the spinal cord and lower brainstem. The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary bodily functions like heart rate and digestion, while the peripheral nervous system consists of the nerves that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body. Therefore, neither the autonomic nor peripheral nervous system control reflex actions.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The brain has many functions. What is the part that controls involuntary actions and is also a link with the spinal cord?
- A.
Medulla oblongata
- B.
Cerebrum
- C.
Midbrain
- D.
Pituitary gland
Correct Answer
A. Medulla oblongataExplanation
The medulla oblongata is the part of the brain that controls involuntary actions and serves as a link between the brain and the spinal cord. It is responsible for regulating essential functions such as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion.Rate this question:
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- 15.
A man injures his arm in an accident. Afterwards, he can feel objects touching his hand, but he cannot move his hand away from them. What could cause this?
- A.
Receptors in his hand are damaged.
- B.
The nerve connection is cut only between the receptors in his hand and his central nervous system.
- C.
The nerve connection is cut only between his central nervous system and the muscles of his arm.
- D.
The nerve connection between the receptors in the hand and his central nervous system; and the nerve connection between the central nervous system and the hand muscles are both cut.
Correct Answer
C. The nerve connection is cut only between his central nervous system and the muscles of his arm.Explanation
The man's ability to feel objects touching his hand suggests that the receptors in his hand are still functioning. However, his inability to move his hand away from the objects indicates a problem with the nerve connection between his central nervous system and the muscles of his arm. This suggests that the injury has affected the motor nerves that control the movement of his hand muscles, while leaving the sensory nerves intact.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Pons, cerebellum and medulla are parts of ……..?
- A.
Forebrain
- B.
Midbrain
- C.
Hindbrain
- D.
Brain stem
Correct Answer
C. HindbrainExplanation
The pons, cerebellum, and medulla are all parts of the hindbrain. The hindbrain is located at the back of the brain and is responsible for controlling basic bodily functions such as breathing, heart rate, and balance. The pons helps to relay messages between different parts of the brain, the cerebellum coordinates movement and balance, and the medulla controls vital functions such as breathing and blood pressure. Therefore, the correct answer is hindbrain.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which is the correct sequence of the components of a reflex arc?
- A.
Receptors → Muscles→ Sensory neuron→ Motor neuron→ Spinal cord
- B.
Receptors → Motor neuron → Spinal cord → Sensory neuron → Muscle
- C.
Receptors → Spinal cord → Sensory neuron → Motor neuron → Muscle
- D.
Receptors → Sensory neuron → Spinal cord → Motor neuron → Muscle
Correct Answer
D. Receptors → Sensory neuron → Spinal cord → Motor neuron → MuscleExplanation
The correct sequence of the components of a reflex arc is receptors, sensory neuron, spinal cord, motor neuron, and muscle. In a reflex arc, the receptors detect a stimulus, such as touch or temperature, and send signals to the sensory neuron. The sensory neuron then transmits these signals to the spinal cord, where they are processed. The spinal cord then sends signals to the motor neuron, which in turn sends signals to the muscle, causing it to contract or relax in response to the stimulus.Rate this question:
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- 18.
18- Which of the following statements are true?
- A.
(i) and (ii)
- B.
(i) and (iii)
- C.
(i) and (iv)
- D.
(i) , (ii) and (iii)
Correct Answer
C. (i) and (iv)Explanation
The correct answer is (i) and (iv). This means that both statement (i) and statement (iv) are true.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which of the following is not caused by the activation of the sympathetic nervous system?
- A.
A decrease in secretion of saliva.
- B.
Eye pupil dilation
- C.
An increase in blood pressure.
- D.
A decrease in heart rate.
Correct Answer
D. A decrease in heart rate.Explanation
Activation of the sympathetic nervous system typically leads to an increase in heart rate, as it prepares the body for a "fight or flight" response. However, a decrease in heart rate is not caused by sympathetic activation. Instead, a decrease in heart rate is typically associated with the activation of the parasympathetic nervous system, which promotes relaxation and rest.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The sympathetic nervous system is primarily concerned with ______ whereas the parasympathetic system is primarily concerned with ______.
- A.
Mobilizing the body in response to stress, maintaining the body at rest.
- B.
The release of acetylcholine onto target organs, the release of adrenaline
- C.
Activation of skeletal muscle, activation of smooth muscle.
- D.
The contraction of the wall of the urinary bladder, contraction of the wall of the intestine.
Correct Answer
A. Mobilizing the body in response to stress, maintaining the body at rest.Explanation
The sympathetic nervous system is primarily concerned with mobilizing the body in response to stress. It activates the "fight or flight" response, increasing heart rate, dilating blood vessels, and releasing adrenaline. On the other hand, the parasympathetic system is primarily concerned with maintaining the body at rest. It promotes relaxation, conserves energy, and regulates functions such as digestion and elimination.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Peripheral nervous system of human has ____ pairs of spinal nerves.
- A.
31
- B.
21
- C.
11
- D.
12
Correct Answer
A. 31Explanation
The peripheral nervous system of a human consists of nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body. The spinal nerves are a part of this system and are responsible for transmitting sensory and motor information between the spinal cord and the rest of the body. There are a total of 31 pairs of spinal nerves in the peripheral nervous system, with each pair connecting to a specific region of the body.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Spinal cord and brain are surrounded by protective membranes known as _____.
- A.
Epineurium
- B.
Meninges
- C.
Neurilemma
- D.
Mylein sheath
Correct Answer
B. MeningesExplanation
The correct answer is "Meninges." The spinal cord and brain are protected by a set of three membranes known as meninges. These membranes provide a protective barrier and help cushion the central nervous system from external forces. The meninges consist of the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.Rate this question:
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- 23.
White matter consists of _______.
- A.
Neuron cell bodies
- B.
Unmyelinated axons and neuron cell bodies
- C.
Myelinated axons
- D.
Myelinated dendrites
Correct Answer
C. Myelinated axonsExplanation
White matter consists of myelinated axons. Myelinated axons are nerve fibers that are covered in a fatty substance called myelin, which gives them a white appearance. These axons are responsible for transmitting electrical signals between different areas of the brain and spinal cord, allowing for communication and coordination of various functions in the body. The presence of myelin helps to speed up the transmission of these signals, making white matter an essential component of the central nervous system.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Autonomic nervous system affects ______.
- A.
The parts of the brain involved in memory
- B.
The ear's ability to hear both faint whispers and loud cries
- C.
Blood pressure and respiration
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
C. Blood pressure and respirationExplanation
The autonomic nervous system is responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions, such as blood pressure and respiration. It controls the dilation and constriction of blood vessels, which affects blood pressure, and it regulates the rate and depth of breathing. The autonomic nervous system does not directly affect the parts of the brain involved in memory or the ear's ability to hear faint whispers and loud cries. Therefore, the correct answer is blood pressure and respiration.Rate this question:
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- 25.
The brain area that most directly regulates the activity of the autonomic nervous system is the _____.
- A.
Thalamus
- B.
Medulla oblongata
- C.
Cerebellum
- D.
Hypothalamus
Correct Answer
B. Medulla oblongataExplanation
The medulla oblongata is a part of the brainstem that controls many vital functions, including regulating the activity of the autonomic nervous system. It plays a crucial role in controlling involuntary actions such as heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, and digestion. The medulla oblongata receives information from various parts of the body and sends out signals to different organs to maintain homeostasis. Therefore, it is the brain area that most directly regulates the activity of the autonomic nervous system.Rate this question:
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- 26.
All of the following are examples of reflex action except .......
- A.
When light acts as a stimulus, the pupil of the eye changes in size.
- B.
Sudden withdrawal of hand when pricked by a pin.
- C.
Answering questions in exams.
- D.
Coughing or sneezing, because of irritants in the nasal passages.
Correct Answer
C. Answering questions in exams.Explanation
Reflex actions are involuntary responses to stimuli that occur without conscious thought. They are automatic and rapid, aiming to protect the body from harm. Examples of reflex actions include the pupil changing size in response to light, sudden withdrawal of hand when pricked by a pin, and coughing or sneezing due to irritants in the nasal passages. Answering questions in exams, on the other hand, is a voluntary action that requires conscious thought and decision-making. Therefore, it is not considered a reflex action.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Which of the following is a reflex action?
- A.
Planning for better life.
- B.
Studying your lessons.
- C.
Baby's hand grasping the finger of his mother.
- D.
Learning how to use a skateboard.
Correct Answer
C. Baby's hand grasping the finger of his mother.Explanation
A reflex action is an involuntary and automatic response to a stimulus. When a baby's hand grasps the finger of his mother, it is a reflex action known as the palmar grasp reflex. This reflex is present in newborns and is triggered when an object is placed in their palm, causing them to grasp it tightly. This reflex is important for the baby's survival and development, as it helps them hold onto their caregiver and ensures their safety.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Nerves of the parasympathetic system influence the various organ systems of the body through connections emerging from the ……. Regions of the spinal cord.
- A.
Brain and sacral
- B.
Thoracic and lumber
- C.
Lumbar only
- D.
Sacral only
Correct Answer
A. Brain and sacralExplanation
The parasympathetic system influences the various organ systems of the body through connections emerging from the brain and sacral regions of the spinal cord. These nerves help regulate functions such as digestion, heart rate, and relaxation. The brain and sacral regions are important in coordinating the parasympathetic response throughout the body.Rate this question:
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- 29.
What is the function of the Dura mater?
- A.
Protects the brain and spinal cord.
- B.
Protects individual neurons.
- C.
Conducts nerve impulses.
- D.
Carries chemicals important for metabolic processes.
Correct Answer
A. Protects the brain and spinal cord.Explanation
The Dura mater is a tough, fibrous membrane that covers and protects the brain and spinal cord. It acts as a protective barrier, shielding these vital organs from injury and external forces. It also helps to maintain the shape and structure of the brain and spinal cord, preventing them from being compressed or distorted.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The cerebellum is a major feature of the hindbrain located behind the top part of the brain stem. It helps in ____.
- A.
Breathing and controlling blood pressure
- B.
Balance and coordination
- C.
Voluntary reflex
- D.
Speech and hearing
Correct Answer
B. Balance and coordinationExplanation
The cerebellum is responsible for balance and coordination. It receives information from the sensory systems, such as the eyes and ears, as well as from the muscles and joints, and uses this information to coordinate movements and maintain balance. This is why damage to the cerebellum can result in problems with balance, coordination, and fine motor skills.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The grey matter of the brain is due to the presence of ......
- A.
Axons
- B.
Nissl granules
- C.
Dendrites
- D.
Nerve cells
Correct Answer
D. Nerve cellsExplanation
The grey matter of the brain is due to the presence of nerve cells. Nerve cells, also known as neurons, are the basic building blocks of the nervous system. They are responsible for transmitting and processing information through electrical and chemical signals. The grey matter of the brain contains a high concentration of nerve cells, which give it its characteristic grey appearance. Axons, dendrites, and Nissl granules are all components of nerve cells, but they alone do not contribute to the grey matter.Rate this question:
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- 32.
The brain stem is composed of ______.
- A.
Medulla oblongata, thalamus and hypothalamus.
- B.
Spinal cord and medulla oblongata.
- C.
Medulla oblongata, cerebellum and midbrain.
- D.
Medulla oblongata, pons varolii and midbrain.
Correct Answer
D. Medulla oblongata, pons varolii and midbrain.Explanation
The brain stem is composed of the medulla oblongata, pons varolii, and midbrain. The medulla oblongata is responsible for controlling vital functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. The pons varolii acts as a bridge connecting different parts of the brain and is involved in functions such as sleep and arousal. The midbrain plays a role in sensory processing, motor control, and the regulation of sleep-wake cycles.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which part of the brain controls higher mental activities like reasoning?
- A.
Temporal lobe
- B.
Frontal lobe
- C.
Medulla oblongata
- D.
Parietal lobe
Correct Answer
B. Frontal lobeExplanation
The frontal lobe is responsible for controlling higher mental activities like reasoning. It is involved in decision making, problem-solving, planning, and cognitive functions such as attention, memory, and language. This part of the brain plays a critical role in executive functions and is involved in regulating emotions and social behavior.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Which part of the brain moves the right side of your body?
- A.
Right frontal lobe
- B.
Left parietal lobe
- C.
Left frontal lobe
- D.
Left temporal lobe
Correct Answer
C. Left frontal lobeExplanation
The left frontal lobe is responsible for controlling the movement of the right side of the body. This is because the brain is cross-wired, meaning that the left hemisphere of the brain controls the right side of the body and vice versa. Therefore, damage or impairment to the left frontal lobe can result in difficulties or loss of movement on the right side of the body.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Which part of the brain regulates your heart beat?
- A.
Pons varolii
- B.
Medulla oblongata
- C.
Hypothalamus
- D.
Thalamus
Correct Answer
B. Medulla oblongataExplanation
The medulla oblongata is a part of the brainstem that controls various autonomic functions, including regulating the heart rate. It contains specialized cells called cardiac centers that receive signals from the body and adjust the heart rate accordingly. These centers can increase or decrease the heart rate depending on the body's needs. Therefore, the medulla oblongata is responsible for regulating the heart rate.Rate this question:
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- 36.
A patient is admitted after a head injury and sinks rapidly into a coma. An MRI scan indicates an extradural hemorrhage because excessive blood can be detected between the.......
- A.
Skull bones and Dura mater.
- B.
Dura mater and arachnoid.
- C.
Arachnoid and Pia mater.
- D.
Pia mater and brain surface.
Correct Answer
A. Skull bones and Dura mater.Explanation
Extradural hemorrhage refers to bleeding that occurs between the skull bones and the dura mater, which is the outermost layer of the meninges that surround the brain. In this case, the excessive blood detected on the MRI scan indicates that there is bleeding in this specific space, leading to the patient sinking rapidly into a coma. The other options, such as between the dura mater and arachnoid, arachnoid and pia mater, or pia mater and brain surface, do not accurately describe the location of the bleeding in relation to the skull bones and dura mater.Rate this question:
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- 37.
....... serves as a kind of “gate,” filtering which information from various channels (except smell) is allowed to be received and passed by it for processing.
- A.
Hypothalamus
- B.
Medulla oblongata
- C.
Midbrain
- D.
Thalamus
Correct Answer
D. ThalamusExplanation
The thalamus serves as a "gate" for filtering information from various channels, except smell, before it is received and processed. It acts as a relay station, receiving sensory information from the body and sending it to the appropriate areas of the brain for further processing.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Which part of the brain is responsible for processing visual information?
- A.
Temporal lobe
- B.
Occipital lobe
- C.
Parietal lobe
- D.
Medulla oblongata
Correct Answer
B. Occipital lobeExplanation
The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information. It is located at the back of the brain and contains the primary visual cortex, which receives and processes visual stimuli from the eyes. This lobe plays a crucial role in interpreting and making sense of what we see.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Which part of the brain is responsible for hearing and smelling?
- A.
Occipital lobe
- B.
Cerebellum
- C.
Temporal lobe
- D.
Frontal lobe
Correct Answer
C. Temporal lobeExplanation
The temporal lobe is responsible for hearing and smelling. It contains the primary auditory cortex, which processes sound information, and the olfactory cortex, which processes smell information. The occipital lobe is responsible for vision, the cerebellum is responsible for coordination and balance, and the frontal lobe is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as decision-making and problem-solving.Rate this question:
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- 40.
A person with an injury to his frontal lobe may have difficulty in ……
- A.
Remembering past events
- B.
Writing
- C.
Seeing
- D.
Sleeping
Correct Answer
A. Remembering past eventsExplanation
An injury to the frontal lobe can impair a person's ability to remember past events. The frontal lobe is responsible for many cognitive functions, including memory. Damage to this area can disrupt the encoding and retrieval of memories, making it difficult for individuals to recall past events. Other functions, such as writing, seeing, and sleeping, are not directly associated with the frontal lobe and would not be affected by an injury to this specific area of the brain.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The thin and convoluted outer layer of grey matter that covers the cerebral hemispheres is the …..
- A.
Medulla oblongata
- B.
Thalamus
- C.
Cerebral cortex
- D.
Meninges
Correct Answer
C. Cerebral cortexExplanation
The correct answer is the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex is the thin and convoluted outer layer of grey matter that covers the cerebral hemispheres. It is responsible for higher brain functions such as perception, memory, language, and consciousness. The medulla oblongata is located in the brainstem and controls vital functions such as breathing and heart rate. The thalamus is a relay station for sensory information. The meninges are the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord.Rate this question:
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- 42.
When sympathetic nervous system is activated it causes the secretion of ……
- A.
Adrenaline which inhibits sweating and heart rate.
- B.
Acetylcholine which increases sweating and heart rate.
- C.
Acetylcholine which causes pupil dilation.
- D.
Adrenaline which increases blood pressure.
Correct Answer
D. Adrenaline which increases blood pressure.Explanation
When the sympathetic nervous system is activated, it triggers the release of adrenaline. Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone that prepares the body for a "fight or flight" response. One of the effects of adrenaline is an increase in blood pressure. This is because adrenaline causes the blood vessels to constrict, which leads to an increase in blood pressure. Therefore, the correct answer is "Adrenaline which increases blood pressure."Rate this question:
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- 43.
Which nerves are attached to the brain and emerge from the skull?
- A.
Cranial Nerves
- B.
Spinal Nerves
- C.
Thoracic Nerves
- D.
Sacral Nerves
Correct Answer
A. Cranial NervesExplanation
Cranial nerves are the nerves that are attached to the brain and emerge from the skull. These nerves are responsible for transmitting sensory and motor information between the brain and various parts of the body. They control functions such as vision, hearing, smell, taste, and facial movements.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Which side of the brain has more neurons in right-handed people?
- A.
Right
- B.
Left
- C.
Both are the same.
- D.
Differs from one right-handed person to another.
Correct Answer
B. LeftExplanation
The left side of the brain has more neurons in right-handed people because the left side of the brain is responsible for controlling the right side of the body, and it is generally more dominant in right-handed individuals. The left side of the brain is also associated with language processing and logical thinking, which are more prevalent in right-handed individuals.Rate this question:
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- 45.
How fast can information travel in your brain?
- A.
Up to 120 metres per second
- B.
Up to 120 metre per minute
- C.
Up to 120 metres per hour
- D.
Up to 12 meters per second
Correct Answer
A. Up to 120 metres per secondExplanation
Information can travel in the brain at speeds of up to 120 metres per second. This means that signals can be transmitted and processed quickly within the brain, allowing for rapid communication between different regions and facilitating various cognitive processes.Rate this question:
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- 46.
The structure ......... regulates visual and auditory reflexes.
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
Correct Answer
A. AExplanation
The structure A regulates visual and auditory reflexes.Rate this question:
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- 47.
…… is responsible for going to bed at night and waking up in the morning around the same times from day to day even in weekends.
- A.
Midbrain
- B.
Hypothalamus
- C.
Cerebellum
- D.
Medulla oblongata
Correct Answer
B. HypothalamusExplanation
The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating the body's internal clock, also known as the circadian rhythm. This includes the sleep-wake cycle, which involves going to bed at night and waking up in the morning at consistent times. The hypothalamus receives input from the eyes regarding light exposure, and it uses this information to release hormones that help regulate sleep and wakefulness. It also coordinates with other brain regions to control body temperature, hormone production, and other physiological processes that are important for maintaining a regular sleep schedule.Rate this question:
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- 48.
"Fight or flight" response is related to ...... nervous system. While "rest and digest" response is related to .......nervous system.
- A.
Sympathetic, parasympathetic
- B.
Parasympathetic, Central
- C.
Central, parasympathetic
- D.
Parasympathetic, sympathetic.
Correct Answer
A. Sympathetic, parasympatheticExplanation
The "fight or flight" response is a physiological reaction that occurs in response to a perceived threat or danger. It is associated with the sympathetic nervous system, which prepares the body for action by increasing heart rate, dilating blood vessels, and releasing stress hormones. On the other hand, the "rest and digest" response is a state of relaxation and digestion. It is associated with the parasympathetic nervous system, which slows heart rate, stimulates digestion, and conserves energy. Therefore, the correct answer is Sympathetic, parasympathetic.Rate this question:
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- 49.
All of the following cranial nerves are sensory except .....
- A.
Olfactory nerve
- B.
Optic nerve
- C.
Cranial nerve (III) for eye movement
- D.
Cranial nerve (VII), for taste.
Correct Answer
C. Cranial nerve (III) for eye movementExplanation
Cranial nerve (III) is the oculomotor nerve, which controls the movement of the eye. Unlike the other cranial nerves listed, it is not primarily sensory in function. The olfactory nerve is responsible for the sense of smell, the optic nerve is responsible for vision, and cranial nerve (VII) is responsible for taste. Therefore, cranial nerve (III) is the correct answer because it is the only one that is not primarily sensory.Rate this question:
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- 50.
"Most of reflex arc signals do not immediately go to the brain". Which of the following statements is not a reason for this fact?
- A.
Because motor neurons carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord.
- B.
Because In reflex actions, the signals do not travel up to the brain but through the motor neuron.
- C.
Because the brain will analyze the signal after the reflex action.
- D.
Because the brain would take longer time to react and this might increase any damage to the body.
Correct Answer
D. Because the brain would take longer time to react and this might increase any damage to the body.Explanation
The statement "Because the brain would take longer time to react and this might increase any damage to the body" is not a reason for the fact that most reflex arc signals do not immediately go to the brain. The correct reason is that in reflex actions, the signals do not travel up to the brain but through the motor neuron. This allows for a quicker response to the stimulus, as the signal only needs to travel a short distance to reach the motor neuron and initiate a reflex action.Rate this question:
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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