Essentials Of Linguistics Practice Quiz
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Do you know what the essential elements of linguistics are? Want to test your knowledge of the same? Try this 'Essentials of linguistics practice quiz' and see how well you score on this quiz. The scientific study of a human language is called linguistics. It includes the overall structure of language, grammar, syntax, and phonetics. Essentials of Linguistics is a groundbreaking text that helps learners to focus on the mental grammar of English. Play this quiz to learn more about it in detail.
- 1.
Which of the following statements is true about fricative consonants?
- A.
Fricatives form the largest consonant group in the American English language, consisting of nine (9) sounds.
- B.
Fricative consonants are formed by creating continous airflow that is constricted in the mouth to create sounds.
- C.
Fricative sounds are produced in all parts of the mouth, except the bilabial and velar regions.
- D.
Two affricate sounds, /tʃ, dʒ/, are a special class of stop-plosives and fricative sounds.
- E.
All of the statements are true
Correct Answer
E. All of the statements are trueExplanation
All of the statements about fricative consonants are true. Fricatives are the largest consonant group in American English, consisting of nine sounds. They are formed by creating continuous airflow that is constricted in the mouth to create sounds. Fricative sounds can be produced in all parts of the mouth, except the bilabial and velar regions. Additionally, two affricate sounds, /tʃ, dʒ/, are considered a special class of stop-plosives and fricative sounds.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The /f, v/ fricative sounds are formed in which part of the mouth?
- A.
Bilabial (top and bottom lips)
- B.
Labiodental (teeth and lips)
- C.
InterDental (tongue and teeth)
- D.
Alfeolar (Gum Ridge)
- E.
Hard Palate
- F.
Velar (soft palate)
Correct Answer
B. Labiodental (teeth and lips)Explanation
The /f, v/ fricative sounds are formed by bringing the bottom lip into contact with the upper teeth. This creates a narrow opening through which air passes, causing friction and producing the desired sound. This articulation is known as labiodental, as it involves the lips (labio-) and teeth (-dental). The other options listed do not involve the necessary contact between the lips and teeth to produce these specific fricative sounds.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The /θ, ð/ fricative sounds are formed in which part of the mouth?
- A.
Bilabial (top and bottom lips)
- B.
Labiodental (teeth and lips)
- C.
InterDental (tongue and teeth)
- D.
Alfeolar (Gum Ridge)
- E.
Hard Palate
- F.
Velar (soft palate)
Correct Answer
C. InterDental (tongue and teeth)Explanation
The /θ/ and /ð/ fricative sounds are formed in the interdental region, which means that they are produced by placing the tip of the tongue between the front teeth and allowing the air to flow through the small gap. This creates a friction sound as the air passes through the narrow opening. Therefore, the correct answer is InterDental (tongue and teeth).Rate this question:
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- 4.
The /s, z/ fricative sounds are formed in which part of the mouth?
- A.
Bilabial (top and bottom lips)
- B.
Labiodental (teeth and lips)
- C.
InterDental (tongue and teeth)
- D.
Alfeolar (Gum Ridge)
- E.
Hard Palate
- F.
Velar (soft palate)
Correct Answer
D. Alfeolar (Gum Ridge)Explanation
The /s, z/ fricative sounds are formed in the alveolar (gum ridge) region of the mouth. These sounds are produced when the tongue is brought close to or slightly touching the alveolar ridge, which is the area just behind the upper front teeth. The air is forced through the narrow gap between the tongue and the ridge, creating a frictional sound. This is why the correct answer is alveolar (gum ridge).Rate this question:
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- 5.
The /ʃ, ʒ/ fricative sounds are formed in which part of the mouth?
- A.
Bilabial (top and bottom lips)
- B.
Labiodental (teeth and lips)
- C.
InterDental (tongue and teeth)
- D.
Alfeolar (Gum Ridge)
- E.
Hard Palate
- F.
Velar (soft palate)
Correct Answer
E. Hard PalateExplanation
The /ʃ, ʒ/ fricative sounds are formed in the hard palate.Rate this question:
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- 6.
According to the vowel length rule, a vowel before a voiced consonant is lengthed.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The vowel length rule states that when a vowel is followed by a voiced consonant, it is lengthened. This means that the vowel sound is held for a longer duration compared to when it is followed by a voiceless consonant. Therefore, the statement "According to the vowel length rule, a vowel before a voiced consonant is lengthened" is true.Rate this question:
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- 7.
According to the vowel length rule, which consonant groups below would require a preceding vowel to be lengthened?
- A.
/p, t, k/
- B.
/b, d, g/
- C.
/f, θ, s, ʃ/
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. /b, d, g/Explanation
According to the vowel length rule, consonant groups /b, d, g/ would require a preceding vowel to be lengthened.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which of the following statements is true about the fricative consonants /f, v/?
- A.
/v/ is a commonly mispronounced sound because it does not exist in many languages, including Spanish.
- B.
/v/ is often mispronounced as /b/ and /w/.
- C.
Non-native Spanish speakers often mispronounce the English /v/ as /b/.
- D.
All of the above statements are true.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above statements are true.Explanation
All of the statements provided are true. The first statement explains that /v/ is commonly mispronounced because it does not exist in many languages, including Spanish. The second statement mentions that /v/ is often mispronounced as /b/ and /w/. The third statement specifies that non-native Spanish speakers often mispronounce the English /v/ as /b/. Therefore, all of these statements are accurate and true.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following interdental sounds /θ, ð/ is true?
- A.
/ð/ is voiced and is pronounced with less force than /θ/
- B.
/ð/ is found in very few English words but are commonly used owing to its use in function words: the, this, that.
- C.
/θ/ is produced with a soft, voiceless sound often at the beginning of words, such as "theater."
- D.
All of the above statements are true.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above statements are true.Explanation
The given correct answer states that all of the above statements are true. This means that both /θ/ and /ð/ have been accurately described. According to the statements, /ð/ is voiced and pronounced with less force than /θ/. It is also mentioned that /ð/ is found in few English words but is commonly used in function words like "the, this, that." Additionally, /θ/ is said to be produced with a soft, voiceless sound often at the beginning of words, such as "theater." Therefore, all the statements accurately describe the interdental sounds /θ/ and /ð/.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of the following is not a common error when producing the fricative consonant sounds /s, z/?
- A.
/z/ is pronounced like /ð/
- B.
/s/ and /z/ are not pronounced (dropped) at the end of a word.
- C.
/s/ is mispronounced as /ʃ/: sandwich is pronouched as /ʃænvɪtʃ/
- D.
In consonant clusters beginning with /s/, Spanish speakers add a vowel sound.
- E.
All of the above are common errors
Correct Answer
A. /z/ is pronounced like /ð/Explanation
The given correct answer states that /z/ is pronounced like /ð/. This is not a common error when producing the fricative consonant sounds /s, z/. The other options mention common errors such as /s/ and /z/ being dropped at the end of a word, /s/ being mispronounced as /ʃ/, and Spanish speakers adding a vowel sound in consonant clusters beginning with /s/. However, none of these options mention that /z/ is pronounced like /ð/, making it the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following sounds can be used to pronounce "-s" and "-es" at the end of words?
- A.
/s/, if final "s" follows a voiceless consonant [p, t, k, f, θ]:
- B.
/z/, if final "s" follows a vowel/diphthong or a voiced consonant [b, d, g, v, m, n, ŋ, l, r, ð]
- C.
/ɪz/, if final "-es" follows [s,z, ʃ, ʒ, tʃ, dʒ]
- D.
All of the above are true
Correct Answer
A. /s/, if final "s" follows a voiceless consonant [p, t, k, f, θ]:Explanation
The correct answer states that the sound /s/ can be used to pronounce "-s" at the end of words if the final "s" follows a voiceless consonant [p, t, k, f, θ]. This means that when the preceding consonant is voiceless, such as in words like "cats" or "dogs," the sound /s/ is used to pronounce the plural "-s".Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following is a common consonant cluster created with the fricative sound /s/?
- A.
/ts/-found often at the end of a word: let's
- B.
/sts/-found often at the end of a word: lasts
- C.
/sks/-found often at the end of a word: desks
- D.
/sps/-found often at the end of a word: lisps
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is "All of the above" because all of the given options (/ts/, /sts/, /sks/, /sps/) are consonant clusters created with the fricative sound /s/. These clusters are commonly found at the end of words, as demonstrated by the examples provided (let's, lasts, desks, lisps).Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following statements is true about the fricative consonants /ʃ, ʒ/?
- A.
Both consonants are produced with the front tongue at the hard palate
- B.
/ʃ/ is voiceless and is found in the following words: nation, machine, ocean, shoe.
- C.
/ʒ/ is voiced and is found in the following words: garage, measure
- D.
/ʃ/ is commonly mispronounced /tʃ/ as in "cheese" or /s/ as in "sit."
- E.
All of the statements are true.
Correct Answer
E. All of the statements are true.Explanation
All of the statements about the fricative consonants /ʃ, ʒ/ are true. Both consonants are produced with the front tongue at the hard palate. /ʃ/ is voiceless and can be found in words like nation, machine, ocean, and shoe. /ʒ/ is voiced and can be found in words like garage and measure. Additionally, /ʃ/ is commonly mispronounced as /tʃ/ in words like "cheese" or as /s/ in words like "sit."Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following is true about the affricate consonant sounds /tʃ, dʒ/?
- A.
Both consist of a stop-plosive consonant and a fricative consonant.
- B.
/tʃ/ is found in the following words: cheese, nature
- C.
/dʒ/ is found in the following words: judge, job
- D.
/tʃ/ is voiceless, while /dʒ/ is voiced.
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is "All of the above." This means that all of the statements provided about the affricate consonant sounds /tʃ, dʒ/ are true. These sounds consist of a stop-plosive consonant and a fricative consonant. The sound /tʃ/ can be found in words like "cheese" and "nature," while the sound /dʒ/ can be found in words like "judge" and "job." Additionally, /tʃ/ is voiceless, meaning it is produced without vocal cord vibration, while /dʒ/ is voiced, meaning it is produced with vocal cord vibration.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following statement is true about the fricative consonant sound /h/?
- A.
/h/ is produced by forcing air through the throat or glottal part of the mouth.
- B.
/h/ is voiceless and is usually found at the beginning of a word.
- C.
/h/ is always followed by a vowel sound.
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The given answer, "All of the above," is the correct explanation. The statement that /h/ is produced by forcing air through the throat or glottal part of the mouth is true. The statement that /h/ is voiceless and is usually found at the beginning of a word is also true. Additionally, the statement that /h/ is always followed by a vowel sound is true. Therefore, all of the statements provided about the fricative consonant sound /h/ are true.Rate this question:
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Jun 18, 2023Quiz Edited by
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