1.
What is Entailment?
Correct Answer
C. All the answers are wrong.
Explanation
Entailment refers to a logical relationship between statements where the truth of one statement necessarily implies the truth of another. It is not about clarifying the announcement or a specific time set by context into speech. While presuppositions involve assumptions that must be accepted for a statement to make sense, they are distinct from entailment. Therefore, the correct statement is: "All the answers are wrong."
2.
Temporal Deixis: English has only two basic forms, the time now, for example, I live here now; and the ________, for example, I lived here last month.
Correct Answer
D. Past
Explanation
The correct answer is "Past" because the question is asking for the basic forms of temporal deixis in English. Temporal deixis refers to the way language expresses time. The question states that English has two basic forms: the time now (present) and the [blank]. Since the example given is "I live here last month," it implies that the blank should be filled with a form that refers to a time in the past. Therefore, the correct answer is "Past."
3.
A pragmatic opinion does not allow us to identify someone by their expressions.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
A pragmatic opinion allows us to identify someone by their expressions. This means that we can make judgments or assumptions about a person based on their facial expressions or nonverbal cues.
4.
Presuppose factive uses the truth as an assumption.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Presuppose factive uses the truth as an assumption, meaning that it assumes a statement to be true before considering its implications. This implies that the presupposition is based on the assumption that the statement is factually correct. Therefore, the given answer, "True," is correct.
5.
Is this an example of presuppose lexical?
He may take painting classes -> He is going to take painting classes (Assumption)
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
This is not an example of presuppose lexical because the statement "He may take painting classes" does not assume or presuppose anything about whether or not he is going to take painting classes. The word "may" indicates possibility or uncertainty, suggesting that he might or might not take painting classes. Therefore, the correct answer is False.
6.
Select the example that belongs to presuppose non-factive:
Correct Answer
C. He pretends to be working.
Explanation
The example "He pretends to be working" belongs to Presuppose non-factive because it implies that the person is not actually working, but rather pretending to do so. The statement presupposes that the person is not being truthful about their actions.
7.
What term does the following example correspond to?
(a) The heart attack patient mustn’t be moved.
(b) A couple of rooms have complained about the heat.
- A hospital is a context to (a) and the receptionist room is a context to (b)
Correct Answer
C. Co-Text Rule
Explanation
The term "Co-Text Rule" corresponds to the given example because it refers to the relationship between two pieces of text that are connected and provide context for each other. In this case, the hospital is the co-text for the statement (a) and the receptionist room is the co-text for the statement (b). The co-text rule helps to understand the meaning of a particular statement by considering the surrounding text or context.
8.
What is pragmatics?
Correct Answer
B. Pragmatics is the science of studying contextual meaning delivered by the speaker (writer) and interpreted by the listener (reader).
Explanation
The correct answer is "Pragmatics is the science of studying contextual meaning delivered by the speaker (writer) and interpreted by the listener (reader)." This explanation accurately describes the field of pragmatics, which focuses on how language is used in real-life situations and how meaning is conveyed through context, rather than just the literal meaning of words or sentences.
9.
Is pragmatics similar to syntax and semantics?
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Pragmatic is not similar to syntax and semantics. While syntax refers to the structure and arrangement of words in a sentence, and semantics deals with the meaning of words and how they combine to form meaningful sentences, pragmatics focuses on the use of language in context and the effects it has on the listener or reader. Pragmatics considers factors such as tone, gestures, and cultural context to interpret meaning. Therefore, pragmatics is distinct from syntax and semantics.
10.
What does deixis mean?
Correct Answer
A. Deixis is the use of general words and pHrases to refer to a specific time, place, or person in context.
Explanation
Deixis refers to the use of general words and phrases to refer to a specific time, place, or person in context. It involves using linguistic forms to enable the listener or reader to identify something. It is not based on information or experiences, but rather on the context in which the words or phrases are used.
11.
What are examples of spatial deixis?
Correct Answer
C. Here, there, over here, over there.
Explanation
The three principles of deixis are person deixis, spatial deixis, and temporal deixis. Person deixis refers to the use of pronouns and other linguistic devices to indicate the participants in a conversation. Spatial deixis involves the use of language to indicate location and direction. Temporal deixis refers to the use of language to indicate time and tense. Grammar deixis and context deixis are not recognized principles of deixis, so they are not correct answers.
12.
Deixis is divided into three principles. Choose the three principles.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Person Deixis
C. Spatial Deixis
E. Temporal Deixis
Explanation
The three principles of deixis are person deixis, spatial deixis, and temporal deixis. Person deixis refers to the use of pronouns and other linguistic devices to indicate the participants in a conversation. Spatial deixis involves the use of language to indicate location and direction. Temporal deixis refers to the use of language to indicate time and tense. Grammar deixis is not a recognized principle of deixis, so it is not one of the correct answers.
13.
What is presuppose?
Correct Answer
A. It is when a speaker assumes that the listener knows something.
Explanation
Presuppose refers to the act of assuming that the listener already has knowledge about a certain topic. This assumption allows the speaker to skip explaining or providing background information, as they believe the listener is already aware of it. Therefore, the correct answer is "It is when a speaker assumes that the listener knows something."