Do you know what is a nucleotide? What is the transcription of DNA and RNA? What is the structure of DNA like? Take our online quiz to test yourself and learn trivia as you play.
DNA and RNA
DNA, RNA and protein
Only DNA
DNA and proteins
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X-Ray diffraction
X-Ray microscopy Scanning
Electron Microscope
Electromagnetic radiation
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It was used to determine the physical structure of DNA
It was used to identify the four bases that make up DNA
It was used to determine the theory of independent assortment
It was used to show DNA was the molecule of inheritance
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Molecules.
Independently replicating segment.
Origins.
Replication forks.
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Ribose, uracil, and a phosphate group
Deoxyribose, uracil, and a phosphate group
Deoxyribose, thymine, and a phosphate group
Ribose, thymine, and a phosphate group
Coiled around each other
Coiled around a common axis
Coiled with different width
Coiled over protein sheath
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120
240
360
480
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1' carbon
2' carbon
3' carbon
5' carbon
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Three phosphoric acid molecules
Two sugar molecules + phosphoric acid
One pentose sugar
Two phosphoric acid + nitrogenous base
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5
10
20
25
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20
100
200
400
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A + G = C + T
A / T = G / C
(A +T) / (G + C) = 1
(A + G) / (C + T) =1
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Ribonucleosides
Ribonucleotides
Deoxyribonucleosides
Deoxyribonucleotides.
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GATGAATGT
GCCAGAUAA
UAGAGGUAA
TCAACTTACA
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5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the other nucleotide.
3’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 5’-hydroxyl group of the other nucleotide.
5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 5’-hydroxyl group of the other nucleotide.
3’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the other nucleotide.
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The template strand DNA is identical to the sequence of the RNA transcript.
The template strand DNA is complementary to the sequence of the RNA transcript.
The template strand DNA is identical to the sequence of the complementary strand DNA.
The template strand DNA runs parallel to the sequence of the RNA transcript.
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5’TAGGCATTGCA 3’
5’TGCAATGCCTA 3’
5’AUGGCUAACGU 3’
5’ATGGCTAACGT 3’
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A:U
A:T
G:C
All require the same energy
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40%
30%
60%
20%
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In red blood cells
In viruses
In bacteria
In brain cells
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300
150
600
100
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200
400
10
2
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1
2
3
4
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C - H
C - C
C – OH
C = H
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10%
40%
35%
70%
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Conservative
Semi-conservative
Each strand is a patchwork of original and new DNA
Dispersive
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Formation of a covalent bond between the 3’-OH of one DNA fragment and the 5’-phosphate of the next fragment
Addition of new nucleotides to the leading strand
Addition of new nucleotide to the lagging strand
Base pairing of the template and the newly formed DNA strand
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A / Phosphate group
B / Ribose sugar
C / Adenine
C / Thymine
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A / B / C / D
C / B / D / A
D / B / C / A
C / A / D / B
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Nonliving S-type
Living R-type
Living S-type + nonliving R-type
Living R-type + nonliving S-type
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2 : 1
1 : 1
3 : 1
1 : 2
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Cytosine and guanine
Uracil and thymine
Sugar and phosphate
Adenine and cytosine
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Proteins and RNA
Proteins
RNA
DNA
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1’
3’
4’
5’
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Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
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DNA helicase
DNA polymerase
Reverse transcriptase
DNA ligase
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450
300
150
75
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5’-T-A-G-3’
3’-C-A-G-5’
5’-C-A-G-3’
3’-T-A-G-5’
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44%
33%
11%
28%
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DNA double strands
DNA single strand
RNA
Any of the previous
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20
200
100
400
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Bacteria
Beans
HIV-virus
Bacteriophage
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½ (X)
2(X)
(X)
4(X)
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DNA is twisted into a spiral or helix.
The bases lie perpendicular to the length of the fiber.
The sugar-phosphate backbone is on the outside of the helix with the bases on the inside.
Number of purine bases are equal to the number of pyrimidine ones.
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DNA polymerase
Deoxyribonuclease
DNA ligase
DNA helicase
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200
400
600
800
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Single
Double
Triple
Quadruple
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(1) and (2)
(2) and (3)
(1) and (3)
(2) and (4)
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