Psychology Aos1 Quiz 2
This quiz is mostly based on the key approaches and history of Psychology.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The Biological approach to explaining behaviour refers to
- A.
Thoughts as an explanation of behaviour
- B.
Chemicals as an explanation of behaviour
- C.
Punishment and reinforcement as an explanation of behaviour
- D.
Bodily changes and genetics as an explanation of behaviour
Correct Answer
D. Bodily changes and genetics as an explanation of behaviourExplanation
The biological approach to explaining behavior focuses on bodily changes and genetics as the underlying factors that influence behavior. This approach believes that behavior can be explained by physiological processes, such as hormones, brain structures, and genetic predispositions. It emphasizes the importance of studying the biological aspects of behavior, including how genes and the body's systems interact to shape behavior. This perspective suggests that behavior is influenced by biological factors that are inherent and unique to each individual.Rate this question:
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- 2.
James was the founder of dualism and Wundt was the founder of structuralism
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The given statement is false. James was not the founder of dualism. Dualism is a philosophical concept that originated much earlier, with philosophers like René Descartes. On the other hand, Wilhelm Wundt is widely considered to be the founder of structuralism, which was a school of psychology that focused on analyzing the structure of the mind through introspection.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The cognitive approach refers to
- A.
Thoughts as an explanation of behaviour
- B.
Chemicals as an explanation of behaviour
- C.
Punishment and reinforcement as an explanation of behaviour
- D.
Bodily changes and genetics as an explanation of behaviour
Correct Answer
A. Thoughts as an explanation of behaviourExplanation
The cognitive approach in psychology focuses on understanding behavior by examining the role of thoughts and mental processes. It suggests that behavior is influenced by the way individuals perceive, interpret, and think about the world around them. This approach emphasizes the importance of internal mental processes, such as attention, memory, and problem-solving, in shaping behavior. By studying how thoughts and cognitive processes influence behavior, psychologists using the cognitive approach aim to gain insight into why individuals behave the way they do.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The behaviourist approach refers to
- A.
Thoughts as an explanation of behaviour
- B.
Chemicals as an explanation of behaviour
- C.
Punishment and reinforcement as an explanation of behaviour
- D.
Bodily changes and genetics as an explanation of behaviour
Correct Answer
C. Punishment and reinforcement as an explanation of behaviourExplanation
The behaviourist approach focuses on the idea that behaviour is influenced by punishment and reinforcement. This means that individuals learn to behave in certain ways based on the consequences they receive. Punishment discourages certain behaviours, while reinforcement encourages them. This approach does not consider thoughts, chemicals, bodily changes, or genetics as primary explanations for behaviour. Instead, it emphasizes the role of external factors in shaping and controlling behaviour.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Joelene is upset and has often felt stressed. She decides to visit a Psychologist, who refers her to a Psychiatrist. Which of the reasons below is not true of Psychiatrists?
- A.
A Psychiatrist is a medically-trained doctor.
- B.
A Psychiatrist prescribes medication
- C.
A Psychiatrist must complete a four year degree in Psychology
- D.
A Psychiatrist performs medical procedures
Correct Answer
C. A Psychiatrist must complete a four year degree in PsychologyExplanation
Psychiatrists are medically-trained doctors who specialize in mental health and are able to prescribe medication. However, it is not true that a Psychiatrist must complete a four-year degree in Psychology. While many psychiatrists do have a background in psychology, it is not a requirement for becoming a psychiatrist. Psychiatrists typically complete medical school and then specialize in psychiatry through a residency program.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following is not a behaviourist?
- A.
Rogers
- B.
Pavlov
- C.
Watson
Correct Answer
A. RogersExplanation
Rogers is not a behaviorist because he is associated with the humanistic approach to psychology, which focuses on the individual's subjective experiences and self-actualization, rather than behavior and conditioning. Behaviorism, on the other hand, emphasizes observable behavior and the influence of the environment on behavior. Pavlov and Watson, on the other hand, are well-known behaviorists who conducted research on classical conditioning and behavior modification.Rate this question:
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- 7.
An explanation of behaviour that is not based on scientific methods is called a/an
- A.
Experiment
- B.
Pseudoscience
- C.
Hypothesis
- D.
Theory
Correct Answer
B. PseudoscienceExplanation
Pseudoscience refers to an explanation of behavior that is not grounded in scientific methods. Unlike experiments, which involve systematic observation and testing, pseudoscience relies on unproven claims and lacks empirical evidence. It often presents itself as scientific but lacks the rigor and objectivity of genuine scientific inquiry. Pseudoscientific beliefs and practices can be misleading, misleading the public and hindering progress in scientific understanding.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Darwin described in his text, the theory of evolution. This initial study of animals being linked at a cellular level is related to which approach in Psychology?
- A.
Humanistic
- B.
Sociocultural
- C.
Biological
- D.
Psychanalytic
Correct Answer
C. BiologicalExplanation
The correct answer is Biological. Darwin's theory of evolution is related to the biological approach in psychology because it emphasizes the influence of genetics, evolution, and the physical functioning of the brain and nervous system on human behavior and mental processes. This approach focuses on understanding how biological factors contribute to psychological phenomena and how they interact with environmental influences.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Freud was the founder of which approach to Psychology?
- A.
Psychanalytic
- B.
Biological
- C.
Humanistic
- D.
Cognitive
Correct Answer
A. PsychanalyticExplanation
Freud is widely recognized as the founder of the psychanalytic approach to Psychology. This approach focuses on the unconscious mind and the influence of childhood experiences on adult behavior. Freud developed various theories, such as the concept of the id, ego, and superego, as well as the interpretation of dreams and the significance of the unconscious in shaping human behavior. The psychanalytic approach has had a significant impact on the field of Psychology and has influenced many other theories and therapeutic practices.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Mark is visiting a counsellor to deal with anxiety issues. A Cognitive Psychologist would approach therapy of Mark in which way?
- A.
Interview him about his thought processes and self-talk
- B.
Provide him with medication
- C.
Give him positive or negative feedback, depending on the desired environmental outcome
- D.
Tell him he is only trying to reach his true potential, and counsel him in an effort to find this.
Correct Answer
A. Interview him about his thought processes and self-talkExplanation
A Cognitive Psychologist would approach therapy for Mark by interviewing him about his thought processes and self-talk. This approach is based on the belief that anxiety is caused by distorted or negative thought patterns, and by understanding and challenging these thoughts, individuals can learn to manage their anxiety. By interviewing Mark, the psychologist can gain insight into his thought processes and self-talk, identify any cognitive distortions, and work with him to develop healthier and more positive thinking patterns. Medication, providing feedback based on environmental outcomes, or counseling solely to help him reach his true potential are not mentioned as approaches for a Cognitive Psychologist in this scenario.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Anthony is having trouble with his colleagues. Lucky, his workplace has some psychologist on hand for any issues. Anthony decides to go and visit them. The most likely type of Psychologist the workplace has, is a/an:
- A.
Clinical psychologist
- B.
Behavioural psychologist
- C.
Organisational psychologist
- D.
Forensic psychologist
Correct Answer
C. Organisational psychologistExplanation
Given the context of the passage, Anthony is having trouble with his colleagues at work. He decides to visit the psychologists available at his workplace to seek help for his issues. The most likely type of psychologist available in a workplace setting would be an organizational psychologist. Organizational psychologists specialize in understanding and improving workplace dynamics, communication, and relationships among colleagues. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that Anthony would visit an organizational psychologist to address his workplace-related problems.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The following are types of psychology within the biological approach: psychophysiology, neuropsychology and psychopharmocology.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because psychophysiology, neuropsychology, and psychopharmacology are all types of psychology that fall under the biological approach. Psychophysiology focuses on the relationship between the mind and body, neuropsychology studies the relationship between the brain and behavior, and psychopharmacology examines the effects of drugs on mental processes and behavior.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Feb 28, 2011Quiz Created by
PsychPhillips
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