Psychology, Sociology And Anthropology
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Concepts in psychology, sociology and anthropology
- 1.
Fictive kin is:
- A.
The practice of acknowledging friends who are not biologically related as kin
- B.
The practice of considering kin only people who are biologically related
- C.
The practice of considering people kin by the societal standards
- D.
The practice of acknowledging important people kin if not biologically related
Correct Answer
C. The practice of considering people kin by the societal standardsExplanation
Fictive kin is the practice of considering people as kin based on societal standards rather than biological relation. This means that individuals may be considered as family members even if they are not biologically related, such as close friends or mentors. This concept recognizes the importance of strong emotional connections and support systems outside of traditional family structures. It highlights the idea that family can be chosen and extended beyond blood ties.Rate this question:
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- 2.
According to functionalists,
- A.
All societies are set up to deal with the universal problems that societies face
- B.
All of these problems are connected by either trying to deal with physical or psychological needs
- C.
All societies problems can be dealt with by binary needs
- D.
A and b
Correct Answer
D. A and bExplanation
Functionalists believe that all societies are structured in a way to address the common challenges that societies encounter. These challenges can be categorized into physical or psychological needs. Functionalists argue that societies attempt to address these needs through various means, such as social institutions and cultural practices. Therefore, both statement a and b are correct as they align with the functionalist perspective on the universal problems and connectedness of societal needs.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The main questions that structuralism asks are:
- A.
What are the main principles that govern the way the mind works
- B.
How does this institution contribute to the overall stability of society
- C.
How do economic factors influence the way society works
- D.
What are the laws of development that apply to all cultures
Correct Answer
B. How does this institution contribute to the overall stability of societyExplanation
The correct answer is "how does this institution contribute to the overall stability of society". This answer aligns with the main questions that structuralism asks, as it focuses on understanding the role and impact of institutions on the stability of society. Structuralism seeks to analyze the underlying structures and systems that shape social behavior and relationships, and understanding how institutions contribute to societal stability is a key aspect of this approach.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Determinism, which says that the types of technology and types of economy that are developed always determine the type of society that develops, is a theory that is associated with:
- A.
Functionalism
- B.
Structuralism
- C.
Cultural materialism
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Cultural materialismExplanation
Cultural materialism is a theory that suggests that the types of technology and types of economy that are developed determine the type of society that develops. This theory emphasizes the material conditions and resources available to a society as the primary drivers of social change and development. It argues that cultural practices, beliefs, and values are shaped by the materialistic needs and constraints of a society. Therefore, cultural materialism aligns with the concept of determinism, making it the correct answer in this case.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The type of questions that cultural materialism
- A.
What purpose does this institution serve?
- B.
How do population and economic factors influence the type of society that develops
- C.
Do all cultures develop complex rules that are based on binary opposites
- D.
Is it only the material of culture that is important
Correct Answer
B. How do population and economic factors influence the type of society that developsExplanation
The correct answer is "how do population and economic factors influence the type of society that develops." This answer aligns with the main focus of cultural materialism, which is to understand how material conditions, such as population size and economic factors, shape and influence the development of societies. Cultural materialism argues that material conditions play a significant role in determining the cultural practices, social structures, and ideologies of a society. By studying the relationship between population, economy, and society, cultural materialism seeks to explain the patterns and variations in cultural systems across different societies.Rate this question:
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- 6.
In psychology, confederates are known as
- A.
Individuals who are unaware of the experiment
- B.
Individuals who are members of the experimental team
- C.
Individuals who simply watch the experiment
- D.
Individuals who create and design the experiment
Correct Answer
B. Individuals who are members of the experimental teamExplanation
Confederates in psychology refer to individuals who are members of the experimental team. They are not unaware of the experiment, but rather actively participate in it. These individuals are often instructed by the researchers to behave in a certain way or provide specific responses to manipulate the variables being studied. Their role is crucial in creating a controlled environment and generating the desired experimental conditions.Rate this question:
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- 7.
In the experiment where people play Frisbee in Grand Central Station, the most important variable was:
- A.
How onlookers perceived the event
- B.
If the confederate reacted positively or negatively
- C.
How the experiment was designed
- D.
The fact that the experiment was held in Grand Central Station
Correct Answer
B. If the confederate reacted positively or negativelyExplanation
The most important variable in the experiment was whether the confederate reacted positively or negatively. This suggests that the response of the confederate had a significant impact on the outcome of the experiment. It implies that the behavior or attitude of the confederate influenced how the participants perceived and interacted with the Frisbee game. The other variables mentioned, such as how onlookers perceived the event, how the experiment was designed, and the location of the experiment, may also have some influence, but the reaction of the confederate was deemed to be the most crucial factor.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Behaviourism states that:
- A.
The unconscious mind can be unlocked through analysis and hypnosis
- B.
States that children respond better to flexible parenting, rather than strict parenting
- C.
By controlling the way that humans learn behaviour, society can have a great impact on their ultimate personalities
- D.
The anima and the animus are essential to true psychological development
Correct Answer
C. By controlling the way that humans learn behaviour, society can have a great impact on their ultimate personalitiesExplanation
Behaviourism is a psychological theory that focuses on how external factors, such as the environment and society, influence and shape human behavior. It suggests that by controlling the way humans learn behavior, society can have a significant impact on their ultimate personalities. This perspective emphasizes the importance of environmental factors in shaping individuals' thoughts, actions, and overall development. It does not involve unlocking the unconscious mind through analysis and hypnosis, parenting styles, or the concept of anima and animus.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Psychoanalytic therapy includes:
- A.
Ego, id, animus
- B.
Superego, ego, oedipus complex
- C.
Id, ego, superego
- D.
Animus, superego, id
Correct Answer
C. Id, ego, superegoExplanation
Psychoanalytic therapy, developed by Sigmund Freud, involves the exploration of the unconscious mind and the influence of early childhood experiences on one's behavior and mental health. The correct answer, "id, ego, superego," refers to Freud's structural model of the mind. The id represents primitive and instinctual drives, the ego mediates between the id and the external world, and the superego represents internalized societal norms and values. These three components of the mind are essential in understanding and resolving unconscious conflicts and promoting psychological well-being.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which psychological theorist would be assoicated with the following statement: "Animal experiments are a good predictor of human behaviour"
- A.
Carl Jung
- B.
B.F. Skinner
- C.
Freud
- D.
Ivan Pavlov
Correct Answer
B. B.F. SkinnerExplanation
B.F. Skinner would be associated with the statement "Animal experiments are a good predictor of human behavior" because he was a behaviorist who believed that human behavior could be understood and predicted through the study of observable behavior and its consequences. Skinner conducted numerous experiments with animals, particularly rats and pigeons, to study their behavior and develop principles of operant conditioning. He believed that the same principles could be applied to understanding and predicting human behavior, making animal experiments a valuable tool in psychological research.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Learning theorists such as Ivan Pavlov, believe that
- A.
Humans are born with little instinct by much learning potential
- B.
Humans are born with much instinct but little learning potential
- C.
Humans are born with instinctual behaviour that must be controlled
- D.
Humans are born as a clean state and it is circumstances that create the individual
Correct Answer
A. Humans are born with little instinct by much learning potentialExplanation
Learning theorists such as Ivan Pavlov believe that humans are born with little instinct but have a significant amount of learning potential. This means that while humans have some innate behaviors, they are primarily shaped and influenced by their environment and the experiences they have. According to this perspective, learning plays a crucial role in the development and behavior of individuals, and it is through learning that humans acquire knowledge, skills, and behaviors.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The following schools of thought, Neo-Marxism, Feminism, Structural-Functionalism are associated with which way of examining society:
- A.
Psychology
- B.
Sociology
- C.
Anthropology
- D.
Learning theory
Correct Answer
B. SociologyExplanation
The schools of thought mentioned, Neo-Marxism, Feminism, and Structural-Functionalism, are all associated with the field of sociology. Sociology is the study of society and social behavior, and these schools of thought provide different perspectives and theories on how society functions and the issues within it. Neo-Marxism focuses on the relationship between social classes and the struggle for power and resources, Feminism examines gender inequalities and the role of women in society, while Structural-Functionalism looks at the functions and interdependence of different social institutions. Therefore, the correct answer is sociology.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Archetype can be defined as an
- A.
Organizing principle around which the collective unconscious is organized
- B.
A way of communicating in literature
- C.
A type of archology
- D.
Only found in the collective unconscious
Correct Answer
A. Organizing principle around which the collective unconscious is organizedExplanation
The correct answer is "organizing principle around which the collective unconscious is organized." This is because an archetype is a fundamental concept or idea that is present in the collective unconscious, which is a part of Carl Jung's theory of psychology. It serves as a blueprint or pattern that influences human behavior, thoughts, and emotions. Therefore, an archetype can be seen as an organizing principle that shapes and structures the collective unconscious.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Sex is the most important element to which theorist:
- A.
Alfred Adler
- B.
Sigmund Freud
- C.
Carl Jung
- D.
Bono
Correct Answer
B. Sigmund FreudExplanation
Sigmund Freud is the correct answer because he is well-known for his theories on psychoanalysis, which often revolve around the influence of sexuality on human behavior. Freud believed that sexual instincts and desires played a crucial role in shaping an individual's personality and development. He introduced concepts such as the Oedipus complex and the libido, which highlight the significance of sex in his theories. Therefore, Freud's emphasis on the importance of sex aligns with the question's statement.Rate this question:
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- 15.
State and explain two experiments included in text
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Current Version
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Aug 17, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Sep 29, 2008Quiz Created by
Colleenheatheran
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