1.
What term describes painful or difficult menstruation?
Correct Answer
B. Dysmenorrhea
Explanation
Dysmenorrhea is the correct answer because it refers to the medical term for painful or difficult menstruation. It is a common condition experienced by many women and can range from mild to severe. Symptoms may include abdominal cramps, lower back pain, nausea, and headaches. Dysmenorrhea can be caused by hormonal imbalances, uterine abnormalities, or underlying medical conditions. Treatment options include over-the-counter pain relievers, hormonal birth control, and lifestyle changes such as exercise and stress management.
2.
What test is used to insufflate the falopian tubes, checking for patency?
Correct Answer
A. Rubin's test
Explanation
Rubin's test is used to insufflate the fallopian tubes and check for patency. This test involves injecting a contrast dye into the uterus and observing its flow through the fallopian tubes using imaging techniques such as X-ray or ultrasound. If the dye flows freely through the tubes, it indicates that they are open and not blocked, confirming their patency. This test is commonly used to assess the fallopian tube function in cases of infertility or suspected tubal blockage.
3.
All of the following ligaments support and suspend the uterus and fallopian tubes, EXCEPT
Correct Answer
D. Uterine-fallopian ligament
Explanation
The uterine-fallopian ligament does not exist in the human anatomy. The correct ligaments that support and suspend the uterus and fallopian tubes are the broad ligament, cardinal ligament, and round ligament. The broad ligament is a large fold of peritoneum that attaches the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries to the pelvic sidewall. The cardinal ligament provides support to the cervix and upper vagina. The round ligament connects the front of the uterus to the groin region.
4.
What is the external region between the vulva and the anus called?
Correct Answer
C. Perineum
Explanation
The external region between the vulva and the anus is called the perineum. It is a diamond-shaped area that includes the skin and muscles in that region. The perineum provides support to the pelvic organs and plays a role in sexual function. It is also the area where an episiotomy may be performed during childbirth. The terms periosteum and peritoneum refer to different anatomical structures and are not related to the external region between the vulva and the anus. The vestibule, on the other hand, refers to a different anatomical area in the female reproductive system.
5.
What instrument is used during an Abdominal Hysterectomy?
Correct Answer
A. O'Sullivan-O'Connor retractor
Explanation
The O'Sullivan-O'Connor retractor is used during an Abdominal Hysterectomy. This instrument is specifically designed to retract the abdominal wall and provide better visibility and access to the surgical site. It has a curved shape with a handle and blades that can be adjusted to hold back the tissues and organs, allowing the surgeon to perform the procedure effectively. The Mayfield retractor is commonly used in neurosurgery to hold the skull in place, the Gelpi retractor is used in orthopedic and general surgery to hold back tissues, and the Doyen clamp is a surgical instrument used for clamping blood vessels.
6.
What additional drapes are needed for vaginal procedures?
Correct Answer
B. Under buttocks drape and leggings
Explanation
For vaginal procedures, it is necessary to have an under buttocks drape to provide a sterile surface under the patient's buttocks. This helps to maintain the sterility of the surgical field. Additionally, leggings are required to cover the patient's legs and prevent contamination. Therefore, the correct answer is under buttocks drape and leggings.
7.
If both vaginal and abdominal surgery are indicated, all of the following are true, EXCEPT
Correct Answer
C. If only one procedure is diagnostic, the abdominal procedure will always be completed first
8.
What diagnostic procedure examines and biopsies the cervix and vagina for histological examination?
Correct Answer
B. Colposcopy
Explanation
Colposcopy is a diagnostic procedure that involves examining and biopsying the cervix and vagina for histological examination. It is used to detect abnormalities such as cervical cancer or precancerous cells. During a colposcopy, a colposcope is used to magnify the cervix and vagina, allowing the healthcare provider to closely examine the tissues. If any abnormal areas are found, a biopsy may be taken for further analysis. Colposcopy is a commonly used procedure in gynecology to aid in the diagnosis and management of various conditions affecting the cervix and vagina.
9.
What is the pathology for doing a cerclage?
Correct Answer
A. Incompetent cervical os
Explanation
A cerclage is a surgical procedure performed to reinforce the cervix during pregnancy to prevent premature birth. Incompetent cervical os refers to a weak or dilated cervix that is unable to support the weight of the growing fetus, leading to the risk of premature labor. Therefore, the pathology for performing a cerclage is an incompetent cervical os.
10.
What type of surgery uses an electrosurgical generator and a loop electrode to excise a lesion?
Correct Answer
B. LEEP conization
Explanation
LEEP conization is a type of surgery that uses an electrosurgical generator and a loop electrode to excise a lesion. LEEP stands for Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure, and it is commonly used to remove abnormal cells from the cervix. During the procedure, the loop electrode is used to remove the abnormal tissue, while the electrosurgical generator provides the necessary electrical energy to cut and coagulate the tissue. This technique allows for precise and controlled excision of the lesion, making LEEP conization an effective surgical option for the treatment of cervical abnormalities.
11.
A roll towel should be placed under the patients _______ during a Cesarean Section to take pressure off the inferior vena cava.
Correct Answer
D. Right side
Explanation
During a Cesarean Section, placing a roll towel under the patient's right side helps to take pressure off the inferior vena cava. This is because the inferior vena cava is located on the right side of the body and can be compressed by the weight of the uterus during pregnancy. By placing the roll towel on the right side, it helps to elevate the right hip slightly, relieving pressure on the inferior vena cava and ensuring proper blood flow to the heart.
12.
What procedure is performed to repair a rectocele.
Correct Answer
A. ColporrhapHy
Explanation
Colporrhaphy is a surgical procedure performed to repair a rectocele, which is a condition where the rectum protrudes into the back wall of the vagina. During the procedure, the surgeon makes an incision in the vaginal wall and repositions and tightens the tissues to correct the rectocele. The incision is then closed with sutures. This procedure helps to alleviate symptoms such as difficulty in bowel movements and pelvic pressure caused by the rectocele.
13.
During a D&C, the CST should ______.
Correct Answer
B. Be prepared for multiple specimen samples
Explanation
During a D&C (dilation and curettage) procedure, the CST (Certified Surgical Technologist) should be prepared for multiple specimen samples. This means that they should anticipate the possibility of collecting more than one specimen during the procedure. This preparation ensures that the CST has the necessary tools and resources available to handle and label multiple specimens appropriately.
14.
What type of scissor is used during an Episiotomy?
Correct Answer
D. Braun
Explanation
Braun scissors are commonly used during an episiotomy procedure. These scissors have a curved shape that allows for precise cutting and trimming of the perineal tissues. The curved design helps to minimize the risk of accidental injury to the mother and provides better visibility for the healthcare provider performing the procedure. The other options mentioned, such as Bakes, Straight Mayo, and Potts-Smith, are not typically used specifically for episiotomies.
15.
What fluid is used during a Hysteroscopy procedure to distend the uterine cavity?
Correct Answer
C. Dextran or Glycine
Explanation
During a Hysteroscopy procedure, either Dextran or Glycine can be used to distend the uterine cavity. These fluids are commonly used because they are safe and effective in providing clear visualization of the uterine cavity. Dextran is a colloid solution that helps to maintain the uterine shape and provides good distension. Glycine, on the other hand, is an electrolyte solution that is isotonic and non-conductive, making it suitable for use during the procedure. Both fluids help to create a clear field of view for the surgeon and facilitate the examination of the uterine cavity.
16.
For an Intrauterine Ablation the patient should be in the _______ position
Correct Answer
B. Lithotomy
Explanation
For an Intrauterine Ablation, the patient should be in the lithotomy position. This position involves the patient lying on their back with their legs elevated and flexed, supported by stirrups. This position allows for better access to the uterus and provides optimal visualization for the procedure. The trendelenburg position involves the patient lying flat on their back with the head lower than the feet, which is not ideal for this procedure. Prone position involves lying face down, and kraske position involves lying on the side with the knees and hips flexed. Neither of these positions would be appropriate for an intrauterine ablation.
17.
During a Laparoscopically Assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy, the endoscopic technique is utilized to _______
Correct Answer
B. Disconnect the uterus from its ligaments
Explanation
During a Laparoscopically Assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy, the endoscopic technique is utilized to disconnect the uterus from its ligaments. This technique involves making small incisions in the abdomen and inserting a laparoscope to visualize and access the uterus. By disconnecting the uterus from its ligaments, it can be safely removed through the vagina, resulting in minimal scarring compared to traditional open surgery. This approach offers a quicker recovery time and reduced postoperative pain for the patient.
18.
During a myometctomy, why should the CST have an extra basin with saline available?
Correct Answer
C. So the surgeon can rinse their gloves, preventing the spread of pathological microorganisms
Explanation
During a myomectomy, the CST (Certified Surgical Technologist) should have an extra basin with saline available so that the surgeon can rinse their gloves, preventing the spread of pathological microorganisms. This is important for maintaining a sterile surgical environment and reducing the risk of infection. Rinsing the gloves with saline helps to remove any potential contaminants or pathogens that may have been encountered during the procedure, ensuring the safety of both the patient and the surgical team.
19.
During what procedure is a closed cavity converted into an open pouch? The borders of an evacuated sac are sutured opn; the interior of the sac forms pus and permanently heals by granulation.
Correct Answer
D. Marsupialization of Bartholin's Gland Cyst
Explanation
Marsupialization of Bartholin's Gland Cyst is the correct answer because it involves converting a closed cavity (the cyst) into an open pouch. This is done by suturing the borders of the evacuated sac open, allowing the interior of the sac to form pus and heal permanently by granulation.
20.
What two glands are attached on either side of the uterus that produce the reroductive cells and hormones?
Correct Answer
B. Ovaries
Explanation
The ovaries are two glands that are attached on either side of the uterus. They are responsible for producing reproductive cells (eggs) and hormones (estrogen and progesterone). The eggs are released from the ovaries into the fallopian tubes where they can be fertilized by sperm. The hormones produced by the ovaries regulate the menstrual cycle and play a crucial role in female reproductive health.
21.
What is the only reason to perform a Pelvic Exentration?
Correct Answer
A. Cancer
Explanation
The only reason to perform a Pelvic Exentration is to treat cancer. Pelvic Exentration is a surgical procedure in which the organs in the pelvic cavity, such as the uterus, ovaries, and bladder, are removed. This procedure is typically done when cancer has spread to the pelvic region and is necessary to remove all cancerous tissue.
22.
A patient ha been diagnosed with endometriosis and has to get a Hysterectomy. Why would the surgeon choos to take an abdominal approach versus a vaginal approach?
Correct Answer
C. The uterus is enlarged
Explanation
The surgeon may choose to take an abdominal approach instead of a vaginal approach because the uterus is enlarged. An abdominal approach allows better visibility and access to the enlarged uterus, making it easier for the surgeon to remove it. In contrast, a vaginal approach may not provide enough space or visibility to safely remove the enlarged uterus.
23.
A vaginoplasty is performed to treat all of the following, EXCEPT
Correct Answer
D. Tubal abscess
Explanation
A vaginoplasty is a surgical procedure performed to reconstruct or create a vagina. It is commonly used to treat congenital defects, trauma, and cancer that affect the vaginal area. However, a tubal abscess is not related to the vagina. It is an infection or collection of pus in the fallopian tubes, which requires a different type of treatment, such as antibiotics or drainage. Therefore, a vaginoplasty would not be performed to treat a tubal abscess.
24.
What medication is used during a Vaginal Hysterectomy to reduce vaginal mucosa bleeding?
Correct Answer
A. 1% lidocaine with epinepHrine
Explanation
During a Vaginal Hysterectomy, 1% lidocaine with epinephrine is used to reduce vaginal mucosa bleeding. Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that numbs the area, while epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor that constricts blood vessels, reducing bleeding. This combination helps to minimize bleeding during the surgical procedure, ensuring a smoother and safer operation. Wydase, Glycine, and Oxytocin are not typically used for reducing vaginal mucosa bleeding during a Vaginal Hysterectomy.
25.
The skin prep for a radical Vulvectomy should include __________.
Correct Answer
D. Abdominal and perineal areas
Explanation
The skin prep for a radical Vulvectomy should include the abdominal and perineal areas. This is because a radical Vulvectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the vulva, which includes the external female genitalia. The abdominal area needs to be prepped to ensure a sterile environment for the surgery, while the perineal area, which includes the area between the anus and the vulva, also needs to be prepped to prevent contamination during the procedure.