Quiz For Lecture 2 - Components Of The Innate Immune System
Quiz to consolidate learning from Lecture 2 - Components of the Innate Immune Sytem As ever dont worry if you get the wrong answer, simply revisit the Lecture and see if you can improve youre knowledge Take the quiz as many times as you like Good luck
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The myeloid lineage forms the major effector for the innate immune system.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The myeloid lineage includes the granulocytes and agranulocytes, and the Natural Killer Cell which is the only cell of the Lymphoid lineage to play a direct role in the innate immune response.Rate this question:
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- 2.
A Monocyte is a type of granulocyte.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Remember a monocyte is an agranulocyte as it contains few or no granules.
The other agranulocytes are the macrophage and the dendritic cell.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A Basophil is a type of agranulocyte.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
A basophil is a type of granulocyte – it has granules within its cytoplasm.
The other granulocytes include the eosinophil, neutrophil and Natural Killer Cell.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The Complement system of proteins is an effector mechanism of the innate immune system.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The complement system of proteins is indeed an effector mechanism of the innate immune system. This system consists of a group of proteins that work together to enhance the immune response against pathogens. It plays a crucial role in inflammation, opsonization (marking pathogens for destruction), and lysis of foreign cells. Therefore, the statement "The Complement system of proteins is an effector mechanism of the innate immune system" is true.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The Granulocyte Neutrophil forms the major constituent of pus.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The Granulocyte Neutrophil is a type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the immune response to bacterial infections. When there is an infection, neutrophils are recruited to the site and release enzymes and chemicals to destroy the invading bacteria. This process leads to the formation of pus, which is made up of dead neutrophils, bacteria, and tissue debris. Therefore, it is true that the Granulocyte Neutrophil forms the major constituent of pus.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A tissue based, agranulocyte that is a potent phagocyte; called a Kupffer cell when found in the liver.
- A.
Basophil
- B.
Dendritic Cell
- C.
Neutrophil
- D.
Macrophage
Correct Answer
D. MacropHageExplanation
Macrophages are found in tissues and phagocytose dead/malfunctioning cells and foreign material.
Also named according to the organ that they are in; microglial cells in the brain, osteoclasts within bone, and kupffer cells when found in the liver.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Precurser (undifferentiated form) of a Macrophage.
- A.
T-lymphocyte
- B.
Monocyte
- C.
Neutrophil
- D.
Mast cell
Correct Answer
D. Mast cellExplanation
A monocyte circulates in blood, however on leaving blood it is called a macrophage.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Cytokine produced by the mighty Macrophage that activates Natural Killer Cells.
- A.
IL-8
- B.
IL-12
- C.
IFN-γ
Correct Answer
B. IL-12Explanation
IL-8 Also produced by the macrophage, this cytokine acts as a chemotracttant, drawing in Neutrophils to the site of infection.
IFN-γ This cytokine is produced by NKC’s and T cells, serving to further activate the mighty macrophage.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Cell type which belongs to both the adaptive and innate immune system, main function is as an antigen presenting cell.
- A.
T-lymphocyte
- B.
Plasma cell
- C.
Dendritic cell
- D.
Natural Killer cell
Correct Answer
C. Dendritic cellExplanation
Dendritic cells function as an antigen presenting cell, phagocytosing infectious agents and traveling to secondary lymphoid organs; and present the antigens of their phagocytosed infectious agents to cells of the adaptive immune system; B & T cells.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Process by which the Dendritic cell takes up extracellular fluid by endocytosis.
- A.
Phagocytosis
- B.
Macropinocytosis
Correct Answer
B. MacropinocytosisExplanation
Macropinocytosis is the process by which the dendritic cell takes up extracellular fluid by endocytosis. This process involves the formation of large, membrane-bound vesicles called macropinosomes, which engulf the fluid and its contents. Macropinocytosis is a non-selective process that allows the cell to sample its environment and capture antigens for presentation to the immune system. Unlike phagocytosis, which involves the ingestion of large particles, macropinocytosis is characterized by the uptake of fluid and small solutes.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The basophil is a potent phagocyte; engulfing target cells and destroying them with intracellular vesicles which use degradative enzymes and other antimicrobial substances stored in their granules.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The Basophil plays a prominent role in mediating the inflammatory response.
It has cytoplasmic granules which contain inflammatory mediators such as histamine and vasodilators such as prostaglandins.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The Eosinophil is the tissue based form of the Basophil.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The tissue based form of the Basophil is the Mast Cell.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The Eosinophil is a granulocyte whose main function is to combat parasitic infection, especially by helminth worms.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in combating parasitic infections, particularly those caused by helminth worms. They are equipped with granules containing toxic substances that help destroy parasites. Therefore, the statement is true as eosinophils are indeed specialized in fighting against parasitic infections.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The Natural Killer Cell (NKC) is the only cell of the lymphoid lineage that plays a prominent role in the adaptive immune system.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The Natural Killer Cell (NKC) is the only cell of the lymphoid lineage that plays a prominent role in the innate immune system.
The other cells in the lymphoid lineage, so the B & T cells are the effectors of the adaptive immune system.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The cytokine IL-10, produced by the Cytotoxic (CD8+) T-cell increases the killing ability of the NKC.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
IL-10 actually switches off NKC activity .
The cytokine IL-2, produced by the T-helper 1 cell, increases the killing ability of the NKC.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Cell type whose cytoplasm contains large Birbeck granules, and are similar in function to the Dendritic cell.
- A.
Basophils
- B.
Neutrophils
- C.
Monocyte
- D.
Langerhans cells
Correct Answer
D. Langerhans cellsExplanation
Langerhans cells are a type of cell whose cytoplasm contains large Birbeck granules and they are similar in function to dendritic cells. Basophils, neutrophils, and monocytes do not have these characteristics and functions.Rate this question:
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- 17.
System of over 20 blood proteins that form an enzymatic cascade to attack extracellular forms of infectious agents.
- A.
The Explosive system
- B.
The Myeloid lineage
- C.
The Complement system
- D.
The Lymphoid lineage
Correct Answer
C. The Complement systemExplanation
The Complement system is a system of over 20 blood proteins that work together in a cascade to attack extracellular forms of infectious agents. This system plays a crucial role in the immune response by enhancing the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens. It can also directly lyse certain pathogens, recruit inflammatory cells to the site of infection, and help in the removal of immune complexes. Overall, the Complement system is an important component of the innate immune system and helps in the defense against infections.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Resultant protein from the splitting of complement protein C3 that acts as a chemoattractant; recruiting other cells of the immune system to the site of infection; notably macrophages and neutrophils.
- A.
C3a
- B.
C3b
- C.
C5a
- D.
C5b
Correct Answer
A. C3aExplanation
C3a is the correct answer because it is the resultant protein from the splitting of complement protein C3. It acts as a chemoattractant, which means it attracts other cells of the immune system to the site of infection. This includes macrophages and neutrophils, which are important for fighting off infections. C3a plays a crucial role in the immune response and helps to recruit the necessary immune cells to the site of infection.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Activation pathway of the complement cascade that is initiated by either the binding of antibody or an innate immune system protein called C-reactive protein to the pathogens surface.
- A.
Alternative Pathway
- B.
Classical
- C.
Lectin-Mannose Pathway
Correct Answer
B. ClassicalExplanation
The classical pathway is the activation pathway of the complement cascade that is initiated by the binding of antibody to the pathogen's surface. This pathway is specific to adaptive immunity and requires the presence of antibodies. When antibodies bind to the pathogen, they activate complement proteins, leading to a series of reactions that ultimately result in the destruction of the pathogen.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Activation pathway of the complement cascade that is initiated by recognition of non-self components on the surface of a pathogen.
- A.
Alternative Pathway
- B.
Classical
- C.
Lectin-Mannose Pathway
Correct Answer
A. Alternative PathwayExplanation
The alternative pathway is the correct answer because it is one of the three activation pathways of the complement cascade. It is initiated by the recognition of non-self components on the surface of a pathogen, leading to the activation of complement proteins and the subsequent immune response. The alternative pathway is unique because it can be activated independently of antibodies, unlike the classical pathway.Rate this question:
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Mar 20, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Dec 01, 2011Quiz Created by
SwanseaGEMStuden
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