1.
_______ regulate(s) the manufacture and installation of dental x-ray equipment.
Correct Answer
A. The federal government
Explanation
The federal government regulates the manufacture and installation of dental x-ray equipment. This is because the federal government has the authority to create and enforce laws and regulations that protect public health and safety. Dental x-ray equipment can emit radiation, which can be harmful if not properly regulated. Therefore, the federal government sets standards and guidelines to ensure that dental x-ray equipment is manufactured and installed safely, in order to protect both patients and dental professionals.
2.
The position indicating device (PID) is extension of the:
Correct Answer
A. Tubehead
Explanation
The position indicating device (PID) is an extension of the tubehead. The tubehead is the part of the X-ray machine that contains the X-ray tube and produces the X-rays. The PID is a component that is attached to the tubehead and helps to control the direction and focus of the X-ray beam. It is used to aim the X-ray beam at the desired area of the patient's body and ensure accurate positioning for diagnostic imaging.
3.
The _______ allows for positioning of the tubehead.
Correct Answer
B. Extension arm
Explanation
The extension arm allows for positioning of the tubehead. It is a component of the X-ray machine that extends and can be adjusted to position the tubehead at the desired angle and distance from the patient's body. This flexibility in positioning is important in order to obtain accurate and clear X-ray images. The control devices and control panel, on the other hand, are not directly involved in the positioning of the tubehead.
4.
The _____ activate(s) the machine to produce x-rays.
Correct Answer
B. Exposure button
Explanation
The exposure button is the correct answer because it is the component that activates the machine to produce x-rays. This button is typically pressed by the operator to initiate the x-ray exposure process.
5.
During an exposure:
Correct Answer
B. The exposure button is firmly depressed until the preset exposure time is completed.
Explanation
The correct answer is that the exposure button is firmly depressed until the preset exposure time is completed. This means that the button is pressed and held down until the desired exposure time is reached, indicating that the exposure is complete. This method ensures that the camera captures the image for the specified duration, resulting in a properly exposed photograph.
6.
Which of the following statements is true of the film holder?
Correct Answer
C. It is required when using the intraoral paralleling technique.
Explanation
The film holder is a device used in dental radiography to hold the intraoral x-ray film in place during exposure. It is specifically designed for use with the intraoral paralleling technique, which is a common technique used to obtain accurate and consistent dental x-rays. This technique requires the film holder to position the film parallel to the long axis of the tooth, ensuring that the resulting x-ray image is clear and properly aligned. Therefore, the statement that the film holder is required when using the intraoral paralleling technique is true.
7.
A _______ eliminates the need for the patient to stabilize the film.
Correct Answer
B. Film holder
Explanation
A film holder eliminates the need for the patient to stabilize the film. This is because the film holder securely holds the dental film in place, ensuring that it remains stable during the X-ray procedure. This allows the patient to relax and reduces the chances of any movement or blurring of the image, resulting in a clearer and more accurate X-ray.
8.
Which of the following intraoral film holders is a disposable Styrofoam bite-block?
Correct Answer
B. Stable bite-block
Explanation
The correct answer is "Stable bite-block." This is because the question is asking for a disposable Styrofoam bite-block, and the Stable bite-block fits this description. The other options, EEZEE-Grip and EndoRay, do not mention being disposable or made of Styrofoam.
9.
Features of the Stable bite-block include:
Correct Answer
D. Both a & b
Explanation
The Stable bite-block has two features: it is disposable, meaning it can be used once and then discarded, and it also has a slot for film retention, allowing for easy placement and secure positioning of dental film. The option "Both a & b" correctly indicates that the Stable bite-block possesses both of these features.
10.
Which of the following are beam alignment devices?
Correct Answer
C. Precision film holders
Explanation
Precision film holders are beam alignment devices because they are designed to hold X-ray films in position during dental imaging procedures. These holders ensure that the X-ray beam aligns accurately with the film, allowing for clear and precise images to be captured. The XCP bite-block and EEZEE-Grip, on the other hand, are not beam alignment devices as they serve different purposes in dental procedures.
11.
A beam alignment device can be used to help the dental radiographer position the PID in relation to the ______ and film.
Correct Answer
B. Tooth
Explanation
A beam alignment device can be used to help the dental radiographer position the PID in relation to the tooth and film. This device helps ensure that the X-ray beam is directed accurately towards the tooth being imaged, minimizing radiation exposure to surrounding tissues. By aligning the PID with the tooth, the radiographer can capture clear and accurate dental radiographs. The collimator is not directly involved in positioning the PID in relation to the tooth and film. The extension arm is a part of the X-ray machine but is not specifically used for positioning the PID in relation to the tooth and film.
12.
The Rinn XCP system includes a:
Correct Answer
D. Both a & b
Explanation
The Rinn XCP system includes both a beam alignment device and a snap-on metal collimating device. The beam alignment device helps in positioning the X-ray beam accurately, ensuring precise and consistent imaging. The snap-on metal collimating device is used to restrict the X-ray beam to a specific area of interest, reducing scatter radiation and improving image quality. Together, these two components enhance the efficiency and accuracy of dental X-ray imaging.
13.
Which of the following statements is true regarding the dental x-ray film and formation of the latent image?
Correct Answer
B. The film is placed to the lingual of the teeth
Explanation
The correct answer is that the film is placed to the lingual of the teeth. This means that the dental x-ray film is positioned on the inner side of the teeth, towards the tongue. This placement allows the x-rays to pass through the teeth and create a latent image on the film, which can later be developed to produce a visible image of the teeth and surrounding structures. Placing the film to the buccal (outer side) of the teeth or considering a periapical film as an extraoral film are not accurate statements regarding the placement of the dental x-ray film.
14.
Which component of the x-ray film provides a stable support for the emulsion?
Correct Answer
A. Film base
Explanation
The film base is the component of the x-ray film that provides a stable support for the emulsion. It is a transparent material that holds the emulsion in place and protects it from damage. The film base is typically made of a polyester material that is strong and durable, allowing the film to be handled and processed without tearing or warping. Without a stable support from the film base, the emulsion would be prone to damage and the quality of the x-ray image would be compromised.
15.
The film base is a flexible piece of:
Correct Answer
C. Polyester plastic
Explanation
The film base is a flexible piece of polyester plastic. Polyester plastic is commonly used as a film base in photography and film-making due to its durability, flexibility, and resistance to moisture and chemicals. It provides a stable and long-lasting support for the emulsion layer that contains the image. Cardboard and acetate are not as commonly used as film bases because they are less durable and may deteriorate over time.
16.
The film base is transparent with a slight ______ tint used to emphasize image quality.
Correct Answer
C. Blue
Explanation
The film base is transparent with a slight blue tint used to emphasize image quality. The blue tint helps to enhance the overall color balance and contrast of the image, resulting in a more visually appealing and high-quality picture.
17.
The film base is _____ mm thick
Correct Answer
B. 0.2
Explanation
The film base is 0.2 mm thick.
18.
The adhesive layer is added to the ____ before the ____ is applied.
Correct Answer
C. Film base; emulsion
Explanation
In the process of creating photographic film, the adhesive layer is added to the film base before the emulsion is applied. The film base provides a stable support for the emulsion, which contains the light-sensitive halide crystals. The adhesive layer helps to bond the film base and the emulsion together, ensuring that the emulsion remains securely attached to the film base throughout the entire photographic process.
19.
The film emulsion is:
Correct Answer
A. Attached to both sides of the film
Explanation
The film emulsion is attached to both sides of the film. This means that the light-sensitive layer, which contains the image, is present on both sides of the film. This allows for double-sided exposure and increases the amount of information that can be captured on the film. Having the emulsion on both sides also provides more stability and protection to the image, reducing the risk of damage or loss.
20.
The film emulsion is composed of homogenous mixture of:
Correct Answer
C. Gelatin and silver halide crystals
Explanation
The film emulsion is composed of gelatin and silver halide crystals. Gelatin acts as the medium in which the silver halide crystals are suspended. Silver halide crystals are photosensitive and are responsible for capturing the image when exposed to light. Gelatin provides a stable and uniform environment for the crystals, allowing them to evenly disperse and react to light. This combination of gelatin and silver halide crystals forms the basis of traditional photographic film.
21.
The halide in dental x-ray film is primarily silver:
Correct Answer
B. Bromide
Explanation
Bromide is the correct answer because dental x-ray film primarily uses silver bromide as the halide. Silver bromide is sensitive to X-rays and helps in capturing the image on the film. Iodide and chloride are not commonly used in dental x-ray films.
22.
The latent image is stored by the ________ in dental x-ray film.
Correct Answer
C. Silver halide crystals
Explanation
In dental x-ray film, the latent image is stored by the silver halide crystals. These crystals are sensitive to radiation and when exposed to X-rays, they undergo a chemical change. This change forms a latent image, which is not visible yet but can be developed later. The silver halide crystals play a crucial role in capturing and storing the image until it is processed. The film base provides support and stability, while the adhesive layer helps to bond the film layers together. However, it is the silver halide crystals that actually store the latent image.
23.
The invisible pattern of stored energy on the exposed film is called the:
Correct Answer
A. Latent image
Explanation
The correct answer is latent image. The latent image refers to the invisible pattern of stored energy on the exposed film. This energy is created by the interaction of X-rays with the film emulsion, causing chemical changes in the silver halide crystals. This latent image is later developed into a visible image through a chemical process, resulting in the production of a radiographic film. The terms "variable density pattern" and "X-ray photon" are not accurate descriptions of the stored energy on the film.
24.
Latent image centers are aggregates of:
Correct Answer
A. Neutral silver atoms
Explanation
Latent image centers are aggregates of neutral silver atoms because during the exposure of a photographic film, these neutral silver atoms are sensitized by the action of light. These sensitized silver atoms form latent image centers, which are later developed into visible silver grains during the development process. This process is crucial in the formation of a photographic image as it captures the light and creates a temporary, invisible image on the film.
25.
During formation of the latent image, irregularities in the lattice structure of the exposed crystal, known as _______, attract silver atoms.
Correct Answer
C. Sensitivity specks
Explanation
During the formation of the latent image, sensitivity specks, which are irregularities in the lattice structure of the exposed crystal, attract silver atoms. These sensitivity specks play a crucial role in capturing the image by attracting the silver atoms and initiating the development process. The silver atoms accumulate around these specks, leading to the formation of the visible image during the development stage.
26.
Which of the following types of dental x-ray film is placed inside the mouth?
Correct Answer
A. Intraoral film
Explanation
Intraoral film is placed inside the mouth during dental x-rays. This type of film is specifically designed to capture detailed images of the teeth, gums, and other oral structures. It is placed directly against the teeth or gums and is used to diagnose various dental conditions such as cavities, gum disease, and bone loss. Intraoral film is small in size and comes in different shapes to fit different areas of the mouth. It is the most common type of dental x-ray film used in dental practices.
27.
Which of the following statements is true of a two-film packet?
Correct Answer
B. Intraoral x-ray film is a double-emulsion type film regardless of the film packet contains one or two films.
Explanation
The correct answer states that intraoral x-ray film is a double-emulsion type film regardless of whether the film packet contains one or two films. This means that whether there is one film or two films in the packet, the film itself is designed with a double emulsion. The term "double emulsion" refers to the film having two layers of emulsion, which enhances its sensitivity to radiation and improves image quality. This statement clarifies that the number of films in the packet does not affect the film's composition or structure.
28.
A two-film packet requires _____ exposure time as a one-film packet.
Correct Answer
B. The same
Explanation
The exposure time for a two-film packet is the same as a one-film packet. This means that both packets require equal amounts of time to capture the desired image.
29.
The two-film packet may be used:
Correct Answer
C. When a duplicate record of a radiograpHic examination is needed.
Explanation
The two-film packet may be used when a duplicate record of a radiographic examination is needed. This means that if there is a need to create an additional copy of the radiographic images for record-keeping purposes or for sharing with other healthcare professionals, a two-film packet can be used. This allows for the creation of an extra set of films without the need for additional exposure to radiation.
30.
The identification dot is used to:
Correct Answer
A. Determine film orientation
Explanation
The identification dot on a film is used to determine the film's orientation. It helps in identifying the correct side of the film with the emulsion, which is the light-sensitive layer. This is important because the emulsion side needs to face the correct direction when loading the film into a camera or developing it in a darkroom. By locating the identification dot, photographers can ensure that the film is properly oriented for capturing or processing images.
31.
What is the purpose of the lead foil sheet found within the film packet?
Correct Answer
C. To shield the film from secondary backscatter radiation.
Explanation
The purpose of the lead foil sheet found within the film packet is to shield the film from secondary backscatter radiation. Backscatter radiation refers to the radiation that is reflected back towards the film after it passes through the object being imaged. Lead is a dense material that is effective at absorbing and blocking radiation, so the lead foil sheet acts as a barrier, preventing the backscatter radiation from reaching the film and causing unwanted exposure or distortion in the image.
32.
The thin lead foil sheet is positioned:
Correct Answer
A. Behind the film.
Explanation
The correct answer is "Behind the film" because lead foil is commonly used as a shield against radiation. Placing it behind the film would provide an additional layer of protection against radiation exposure.
33.
The embossed pattern placed on the lead foil sheet by the manufacturer will reveal:
Correct Answer
C. If the film packet is inadvertently positioned in the mouth backward and then exposed.
Explanation
The embossed pattern on the lead foil sheet serves as an indicator of whether the film packet has been inadvertently positioned in the mouth backward and then exposed. This is because the embossed pattern will appear differently if the film packet is placed in the mouth backward, allowing the dentist to identify any errors in positioning. The embossed pattern does not provide information about whether the film has been exposed to moisture or if it has been exposed in general.
34.
The tube side of the dental film packet:
Correct Answer
B. Is solid white.
Explanation
The tube side of the dental film packet is solid white. This is because the solid white side of the packet is the side that faces the x-ray tube during the imaging process. The solid white color helps to block out any stray radiation and ensures that the x-rays are directed only towards the dental film, resulting in a clear and accurate image.
35.
The label side of the film packet:
Correct Answer
C. Is color-coded to distinguish between one-film and two-film packets and between film speeds.
Explanation
The label side of the film packet is color-coded to distinguish between one-film and two-film packets and between film speeds. This means that different colors are used on the label side of the packet to indicate whether it contains one or two films, as well as to indicate the speed of the film. This color-coding system helps users easily identify the type and speed of the film without having to open the packet or rely on other means of identification.
36.
Which type of intraoral film is used to examine the crowns of both the maxillary and the mandibular teeth on one film?
Correct Answer
B. Bite-wing film
Explanation
Bite-wing film is used to examine the crowns of both the maxillary and the mandibular teeth on one film. This type of intraoral film is placed between the teeth and the patient is asked to bite down on it, hence the name "bite-wing". It allows the dentist to evaluate the interproximal areas of the teeth, detecting any cavities or bone loss. Bite-wing films are commonly used in dental check-ups to assess the overall oral health and detect early signs of dental problems.
37.
The apex (tip) of the tooth roots may be seen on which type(s) of intraoral film?
Correct Answer
A. Periapical and occlusal
Explanation
The apex (tip) of the tooth roots may be seen on periapical and occlusal intraoral films. Periapical films provide a detailed view of the entire tooth, including the root apex, while occlusal films capture a broad view of the upper and lower arches, allowing for visualization of the tooth roots. Bite-wing films primarily show the crowns of the teeth and the interproximal areas, so they do not typically display the root apex.
38.
Which type of intraoral film is best for visualizing interproximal surfaces?
Correct Answer
B. Bitewing
Explanation
Bitewing intraoral films are specifically designed to visualize interproximal surfaces, which are the areas between adjacent teeth. These films have a small tab that the patient bites down on, positioning the film in the mouth to capture the interproximal areas of the teeth. Periapical films are used to capture the entire tooth, including the root and surrounding bone, while occlusal films are used to capture a broader view of the entire arch. Therefore, bitewing films are the best choice for visualizing interproximal surfaces.
39.
Which type of intraoral film is best for examination of large areas of the maxilla or mandible?
Correct Answer
C. Occlusal
Explanation
The occlusal intraoral film is best for examination of large areas of the maxilla or mandible because it is larger in size compared to periapical and bitewing films. It provides a broader view of the dental arches, allowing for a comprehensive evaluation of the entire maxillary or mandibular region. This film is commonly used to assess the presence of pathology, impacted teeth, fractures, and developmental abnormalities in the oral cavity.
40.
A # _____ size film is a standard adult periapical film.
Correct Answer
C. 2
Explanation
A size 2 film is a standard adult periapical film. This type of film is commonly used to capture images of a single tooth and its surrounding structures. It provides a larger image size compared to size 0 or size 1 films, making it suitable for adult patients with larger mouths and teeth. Size 2 films are also helpful in diagnosing conditions such as dental caries, periodontal disease, and root canal infections.
41.
Which size of bite-wing film is used to examine posterior teeth in very small children?
Correct Answer
A. 0
Explanation
Bite-wing films are used to examine the crowns of the upper and lower teeth. In very small children, the size 0 bite-wing film is used because it is smaller in size and can fit comfortably in their mouth. This size is suitable for capturing images of the posterior teeth in young children without causing discomfort or difficulty during the examination.
42.
A fast film responds more quickly than a slow film, because:
Correct Answer
C. The silver halide crystals in the emulsion are larger.
Explanation
A fast film responds more quickly than a slow film because the silver halide crystals in the emulsion are larger. Larger crystals have a greater surface area, allowing them to capture more light and produce a stronger image signal. This results in a faster response time and the ability to capture images in low light conditions.
43.
Which of the following film speed is the fastest film currently available?
Correct Answer
C. F
44.
Which of the following types of film exhibits the bony and soft tissue areas of the facial profile?
Correct Answer
C. CepHalometric
Explanation
Cephalometric films are specifically designed to capture the bony and soft tissue areas of the facial profile. These films are commonly used in orthodontics and oral surgery to assess the position and growth of the jaws, teeth, and surrounding structures. Cephalometric radiographs provide a comprehensive view of the facial skeleton, including the skull, jawbones, and soft tissues, allowing for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. Bite-wing films are used to examine the crowns of the upper and lower teeth, while panoramic films provide a broad view of the entire oral cavity but do not focus specifically on the facial profile.
45.
Which of the following types of film shows a wide view of the upper and lower jaws on a single radiograph?
Correct Answer
C. Panoramic
Explanation
A panoramic film shows a wide view of the upper and lower jaws on a single radiograph. This type of film is commonly used to capture a comprehensive image of the entire oral cavity, including the teeth, jaws, and surrounding structures. It provides a broad overview and is particularly useful for evaluating impacted teeth, jaw fractures, and overall dental health. Periapical films capture a small portion of the teeth and surrounding tissues, while bite-wing films focus on the crowns of the teeth in a specific region.
46.
Screen film:
Correct Answer
B. Is sensitive to fluorescent light.
Explanation
Screen film is sensitive to fluorescent light. This means that when exposed to fluorescent light, the screen film will react and produce an image. This sensitivity to fluorescent light is a characteristic unique to screen film and distinguishes it from nonscreen film. The other statements provided in the question, such as sensitivity to direct exposure to radiation and requiring more exposure time than nonscreen film, are not the correct answer.
47.
Blue sensitive screen film must be prepared with screens that produce ____ light.
Correct Answer
C. Blue
Explanation
Blue sensitive screen film must be prepared with screens that produce blue light because blue sensitive film is specifically designed to capture and record blue light wavelengths. This type of film is used in various applications such as photography, cinematography, and medical imaging, where accurate representation of blue colors is crucial. Therefore, using screens that produce blue light ensures that the film can capture the desired color spectrum and produce high-quality images or recordings.
48.
1. An intensifying screen is a device that transfers x-ray energy into visible light. 2. The visible light, in turn, exposes the screen film.
Correct Answer
A. Both statements are true.
Explanation
An intensifying screen is indeed a device that converts x-ray energy into visible light, which is then used to expose the screen film. Therefore, both statements are true.
49.
An intensifying screen is a smooth plastic sheet coated with minute fluorescent crystals known as:
Correct Answer
C. pHospHors
Explanation
An intensifying screen is a smooth plastic sheet coated with minute fluorescent crystals known as phosphors. Phosphors are substances that emit light when exposed to radiation, such as X-rays. In the context of an intensifying screen, these phosphors help to enhance the sensitivity of the screen to X-rays by converting the X-ray energy into visible light. This visible light is then used to expose the film and create the X-ray image.
50.
Rare earth screens:
Correct Answer
B. Have pHospHors that emit green light.
Explanation
Rare earth screens have phosphors that emit green light. This means that when the rare earth screens are exposed to radiation, the phosphors within them emit green light. This green light is then used to create the image on the screen. The fact that rare earth screens emit green light distinguishes them from other types of screens, such as those with phosphors that emit blue light or calcium tungstate intensifying screens, which are less efficient.