Lung And Respiratory System Quiz For Kids
(140).webp "Lung And Respiratory System Quiz For Kids - Quiz")
- 1.
The respiratory system includes (Select 3)
- A.
Pulmonary ventilation (breathing)
- B.
External Respiration
- C.
Internal respiration
- D.
Transport
Correct Answer(s)
A. Pulmonary ventilation (breathing)
B. External Respiration
D. TransportExplanation
Internal respiration is accomplished by the circulatory system, not the respiratory system.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Gas exchange with the blood first occurs in the
- A.
Conducting zone
- B.
Respiratory Zone
- C.
Trachea
- D.
Pharynx
Correct Answer
B. Respiratory ZoneExplanation
The conducting zone does not contain alveoli and exchange of gases occurs in the alveolar sacsRate this question:
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- 3.
Surfactant ______ surface tension and is produced by _______
- A.
Decreases, red blood cells
- B.
Decreases, type 2 pneuocytes
- C.
Increases, type 2 pneumocytes
- D.
Decreases, type 1 pneumocytes
Correct Answer
B. Decreases, type 2 pneuocytesExplanation
Surfactant is a substance that decreases surface tension. It is produced by type 2 pneumocytes.Rate this question:
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- 4.
After taking a deep breath, you blow up a balloon and exhale as much air as possible. What best describes the volume of air used to do this.
- A.
Inspiratory reserve volume
- B.
Expiratory reserve volume
- C.
Residual volume
- D.
Vital Capacity
Correct Answer
D. Vital CapacityExplanation
IRV and ERV are part of it but VC takes both of these into account as well as the Tidal volume, which is also present in a maximal inhalation and exhalation.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Minute ventilation will always be greater than alveolar ventilation
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Minute ventilation = Tidal volume x breaths/min......
Alverolar ventilation = (Tidal volume - Dead space) x breaths/minuteRate this question:
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- 6.
In a restrictive lung disease, the tiffeneau index (FEV1/FVC) will be
- A.
0.8
- B.
Greater than 0.8
- C.
Less than 0.8
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. 0.8Explanation
Both FEV1 and FVC are reduced and so the ration between them stays the same. In an obstructive disease FEV1 is reduced more than FVC and so the tiffeneau index will beRate this question:
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- 7.
Anatomical dead space is the volume of space in the conducting portion not involved in ideal gas exchange.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because anatomical dead space refers to the areas in the respiratory system that are involved in conducting air but not in gas exchange. This includes the nasal passages, trachea, and bronchi. These areas serve the purpose of warming, humidifying, and filtering the air before it reaches the alveoli where gas exchange occurs. Therefore, the anatomical dead space does not participate in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood.Rate this question:
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- 8.
In an obstructive disease (Select 3)
- A.
Vital capacity will be decreased
- B.
Total lung capacity will be increased
- C.
Residual Volume will be increased
- D.
FEV1/FVC = 0.8
Correct Answer(s)
A. Vital capacity will be decreased
B. Total lung capacity will be increased
C. Residual Volume will be increasedExplanation
FEV1/FVC isRate this question:
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- 9.
A ventilation rate which is inappropriately high for the metabolic demands (select 2)
- A.
Is called hyperventliation
- B.
Is called tachypnea
- C.
Would result in metabolic alkalosis
- D.
Would result in metabolic acidosis
Correct Answer(s)
A. Is called hyperventliation
C. Would result in metabolic alkalosisExplanation
Hyperventilation refers to a ventilation rate that is higher than necessary for the body's metabolic demands. This excessive breathing can lead to a decrease in carbon dioxide levels in the blood, causing respiratory alkalosis. When carbon dioxide levels drop, the pH of the blood increases, resulting in metabolic alkalosis. Therefore, the statement "is called hyperventilation, would result in metabolic alkalosis" accurately describes the relationship between hyperventilation and the resulting metabolic condition.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Orthopnea is tachypnea while laying down
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Orthopnea is dyspnea while laying downRate this question:
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- 11.
In a container (such as the lungs), if volume is increased
- A.
Pressure is decreased
- B.
Pressure is increased
- C.
Pressure does not change
- D.
Bombaclot
Correct Answer
A. Pressure is decreasedExplanation
When the volume of a container, such as the lungs, is increased, there is more space for the molecules of gas to move around. This means that the molecules collide with the container walls less frequently, resulting in a decrease in the pressure inside the container. Therefore, the correct answer is "Pressure is decreased."Rate this question:
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- 12.
CO2 is more soluble in water than O2 and N2
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
CO2 is more soluble in water than O2 and N2 because it forms weak chemical bonds with water molecules, resulting in the formation of carbonic acid. This makes CO2 highly soluble in water. On the other hand, O2 and N2 do not have the ability to form such bonds with water molecules, making them less soluble in water. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 13.
When alveolar O2 is high
- A.
Arterioles will dilate to pick up more oxygen
- B.
Arterioles will constrict to pick up less CO2
- C.
Arterioles diameter will remain constant regardless of alveolar O2 pressure
- D.
Bronchioles dilate
Correct Answer
A. Arterioles will dilate to pick up more oxygenExplanation
Bronchioles dilate when CO2 is high, not 02.Rate this question:
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- 14.
In oxygenated blood, the large majority of oxygen is dissolved freely in the plasma and a small portion is bound to hemoglobin.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Only 1.5% is dissolved freely in plasma, the rest is bound to hemoglobin for transportRate this question:
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- 15.
The most important factor that determines oxygen binding to hemoglobin (binding affinity) is
- A.
Oxygen
- B.
2,3 BPG
- C.
Temperature
- D.
PH
Correct Answer
A. OxygenExplanation
The most important factor that determines oxygen binding to hemoglobin is the presence of oxygen itself. Hemoglobin has a high affinity for oxygen, meaning it readily binds to oxygen molecules when they are present in the surrounding environment. When oxygen is bound to hemoglobin, it forms oxyhemoglobin, which can then be transported throughout the body to deliver oxygen to tissues and organs. Therefore, the presence of oxygen is crucial for the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin and subsequent oxygen transport in the body.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which of the following will increase oxygen affinity for hemoglobin
- A.
Increase in pH
- B.
Decrease in pH
- C.
Increase in temperature
- D.
Increased blood carbon dioxide levels
Correct Answer
A. Increase in pHExplanation
All the others will decrease oxygen binding to hemoglobin (resulting in an increase in oxygen release from hemoglobin..which is whats needed in each case)Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which of the following are outward forces for filtration (select 3)
- A.
Negative interstitial pressure (hydrostatic)
- B.
Interstitial osmotic pressure (oncotic)
- C.
Pulmonary capillary pressure (hydrostatic)
- D.
Plasma osmotic pressure (oncotic)
Correct Answer(s)
A. Negative interstitial pressure (hydrostatic)
B. Interstitial osmotic pressure (oncotic)
C. Pulmonary capillary pressure (hydrostatic)Explanation
The correct answer choices for outward forces for filtration are negative interstitial pressure (hydrostatic), interstitial osmotic pressure (oncotic), and pulmonary capillary pressure (hydrostatic). Negative interstitial pressure pushes fluid out of the capillaries and into the interstitial space. Interstitial osmotic pressure attracts fluid out of the capillaries due to the difference in solute concentration. Pulmonary capillary pressure, similar to hydrostatic pressure, pushes fluid out of the capillaries and into the surrounding tissues. These three forces combined contribute to the filtration process.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Central chemoreceptors detect changes in (select all that apply)
- A.
PCO2
- B.
H+
- C.
PO2
- D.
RBC levels
Correct Answer(s)
A. PCO2
B. H+Explanation
Peripheral chemoreceptors detect changes in pO2, central do notRate this question:
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- 19.
Oxygen deficiency caused by bleeding is classified as
- A.
Anemic Hypoxia
- B.
Hypoxic hypoxia
- C.
Stagnant hypoxia
- D.
Histotoxic hypoxia
Correct Answer
A. Anemic HypoxiaExplanation
Anemic hypoxia is the correct classification for oxygen deficiency caused by bleeding. Anemia refers to a decrease in the number of red blood cells or a decrease in their ability to carry oxygen. Bleeding can lead to a decrease in the number of red blood cells, resulting in a reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. This leads to a deficiency of oxygen in the tissues, which is known as anemic hypoxia.Rate this question:
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- 20.
A decrease in pC02 and a pH of 7.6 means that the body is in
- A.
Metabolic acidosis
- B.
Respiratory alkalosis
- C.
Metabolic alkalosis
- D.
Respiratory acidosis
Correct Answer
B. Respiratory alkalosisExplanation
Could have been metabolic alkalosis if the CO2 level wasnt decreasedRate this question:
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- 21.
Acidosis is when blood pH is ________ and causes ______ of the central nervous system
- A.
Below 7.35, depression
- B.
Below 7.45, depression
- C.
Above 7.45, overexcitability
- D.
Below 7.35, overexcitability
Correct Answer
A. Below 7.35, depressionExplanation
Acidosis refers to a condition where the blood pH falls below the normal range, which is typically between 7.35 and 7.45. When blood pH is below 7.35, it is considered acidic, and this acidic environment can lead to depression of the central nervous system. This means that the normal functioning of the nervous system may be impaired, resulting in symptoms such as lethargy, confusion, and decreased mental alertness.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The respiratory zone begins at the level of the
- A.
Respiratory bronchioles
- B.
Terminal bronchioles
- C.
Trachea
- D.
Alveolar sacs
Correct Answer
A. Respiratory bronchiolesExplanation
alveolar sacs are part of the respiratory zone but they are not the level at which it begins. The other two are not part of the respiratory zoneRate this question:
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- 23.
At the period between breaths where there is no air flow (called unforced expiration),
- A.
Alveolar pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure
- B.
Alveolar pressure is less than atmospheric pressure
- C.
Alveolar pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure
- D.
Alveolar pressure is maximal
Correct Answer
C. Alveolar pressure is equal to atmospHeric pressureExplanation
During unforced expiration, the alveolar pressure, which is the pressure inside the alveoli (air sacs in the lungs), is equal to atmospheric pressure. This means that there is no pressure difference between the alveoli and the outside air, resulting in no airflow.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which of the following is not measured by a spirometer?
- A.
Residual volume
- B.
Expiratory reserve volume
- C.
Inspiratory reserve volume
- D.
Tidal volume
Correct Answer
A. Residual volumeExplanation
A spirometer is a device used to measure lung volumes and capacities. It is used to measure tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume. However, the residual volume, which is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation, cannot be directly measured using a spirometer. It can only be estimated using other techniques such as gas dilution or body plethysmography. Therefore, the residual volume is not measured by a spirometer.Rate this question:
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- 25.
The most powerful respiratory stimulant is rising CO2 levels
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Slide 87Rate this question:
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- 26.
Acid-base balance is maintained in the body by 3 major mechanisms. Which of the options acts the fastest to prevent immediate drastic changes in pH?
- A.
Buffer system
- B.
CO2 exhalation
- C.
H+ excretion by kidneys
Correct Answer
A. Buffer systemExplanation
Works in fractions of a second. Buffer systems can be subdivided into - protein buffer system, carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system, and phosphate buffer system.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Activation of what autonomic receptor would cause dilation of the bronchioles?
- A.
Beta 2 adrenergic receptor
- B.
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
- C.
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
- D.
Histamine receptor
Correct Answer
A. Beta 2 adrenergic receptorExplanation
Beta 2 adrenergic is sympathetic and causes dilation of the airways. All the others are parasympathetic and cause constriction. Histamine is not an autonomic receptor but still causes constriction.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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May 03, 2024Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Sep 28, 2015Quiz Created by
Eddy Sidra
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