Roman Architecture ( 2nd Century To 4th Century A.D.)
2nd century to 4th century a. D.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What new ideas did the romans bring to new architecture
- A.
Arch
- B.
Baked Bricks
- C.
Hardwood Floors
- D.
A and B
Correct Answer
D. A and BExplanation
The Romans brought new ideas to architecture such as the use of arches and baked bricks. The arch allowed for larger and more stable structures, while baked bricks provided a durable and versatile building material. These innovations greatly influenced the development of architecture and engineering in the Roman Empire and beyond.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What emperor rebuilt the temple of Castor
- A.
Augustus
- B.
Tiberius
- C.
Nero
- D.
George W. Bush
Correct Answer
A. AugustusExplanation
Augustus is the correct answer because he was the Roman emperor who rebuilt the temple of Castor. As a patron of the arts and architecture, Augustus was known for his extensive building projects throughout Rome, including the reconstruction and restoration of various temples. The temple of Castor, dedicated to the divine twins Castor and Pollux, was one of the many structures that Augustus commissioned to restore the glory of ancient Rome.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What kind of homes did the lower class live in
- A.
Flats
- B.
Homes
- C.
Cribs
Correct Answer
A. FlatsExplanation
The lower class typically lived in flats. Flats are small, self-contained apartments that are usually located in multi-story buildings. They are more affordable compared to larger homes and offer basic amenities for living. Flats are commonly seen as a housing option for individuals or families with lower incomes, making them suitable for the lower class.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What were the lower class people called
- A.
Plebeians
- B.
Hobos
- C.
Patricians
- D.
Richie rich
Correct Answer
A. PlebeiansExplanation
The lower class people in ancient Rome were referred to as plebeians. They were the common citizens who were not part of the aristocracy or the patrician class. The plebeians were typically farmers, laborers, and craftsmen. They had limited political rights and were often marginalized in society. The term "plebeian" is derived from the Latin word "plebs," which means the common people.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What were the upper class people called
- A.
Plebeians
- B.
Patricians
- C.
Hobos
- D.
Richie rich
Correct Answer
B. PatriciansExplanation
The correct answer is patricians. In ancient Rome, the upper class people were known as patricians. They were the wealthy and influential citizens who held most of the political power and were typically landowners. The patricians enjoyed privileges and held high positions in the government, while the plebeians were the common people who had fewer rights and were often farmers or laborers. The term "hobos" refers to homeless individuals and "richie rich" is a colloquial term for a very wealthy person, but neither of these terms accurately describe the upper class in ancient Rome.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Correct Answer
arch of titus, rome italy, public/civic life roman - 7.
Correct Answer
Arch of Constantine, Rome Italy, Public/Civic Life Roman - 8.
A conventionalized representation of an acanthus leaf, used esp. as a decoration for Corinthian column capitals.
- A.
Architrave
- B.
Acanthus
- C.
Colossal order
- D.
Capital
- E.
Cornice
Correct Answer
B. AcanthusExplanation
The correct answer is acanthus. An acanthus is a conventionalized representation of an acanthus leaf, often used as a decorative element on Corinthian column capitals. The acanthus leaf motif is known for its intricate and ornate design, adding a touch of elegance to architectural structures.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A main beam resting across the tops of columns, specifically the lower third entablature.an ornamental molding around the wall of a room just below the ceiling.
- A.
Terracotta
- B.
Base
- C.
Architrave
- D.
Post and lintel:
- E.
Ionic
Correct Answer
C. ArchitraveExplanation
The correct answer is architrave. An architrave is an ornamental molding that runs along the wall of a room just below the ceiling. It is often found in classical architecture and serves as a decorative element. It is different from the other options provided, such as terracotta, base, post and lintel, and ionic, which do not specifically refer to a molding around the wall.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The distinct, typically broader section at the head of a pillar or column.
- A.
Architrave
- B.
Entasis
- C.
Colossal order
- D.
Capital
- E.
Ionic
Correct Answer
D. CapitalExplanation
A capital is the distinct, typically broader section at the head of a pillar or column. It is located between the shaft and the entablature, and it serves as a decorative element. Capitals can vary in design and style, such as Doric, Ionic, or Corinthian, and they often feature intricate carvings or ornamentation. The capital provides visual interest and adds to the overall aesthetic appeal of the column or pillar.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Architectural order extending beyond one interior story, often extending through several stories.
- A.
Colossal order
- B.
Architrave
- C.
Entasis
- D.
Acanthus
- E.
Pendentive
Correct Answer
A. Colossal orderExplanation
Colossal order refers to a type of architectural order that extends beyond one interior story and often continues through several stories. It is characterized by the use of large, imposing columns that are typically taller and more massive than those used in other orders. This architectural style creates a sense of grandeur and monumentality in the design of a building.Rate this question:
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- 12.
An ornamental molding around the wall of a room just below the ceiling.
- A.
Dome
- B.
Facade
- C.
Ionic
- D.
Cornice
- E.
Pilaster
Correct Answer
D. CorniceExplanation
A cornice is an ornamental molding that is typically found around the wall of a room just below the ceiling. It adds a decorative element to the room and can be made from various materials such as wood, plaster, or stone. Cornices can come in different styles and designs, allowing for customization to match the overall aesthetic of the room. They are often used to create a more finished and polished look to the upper part of the walls.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Relating to or denoting a classical order of architecture characterized by a column with scroll shapes (volutes) on either side of the capital.
- A.
Pendentive
- B.
Ionic
- C.
Base
- D.
Terracotta
- E.
Cornice
Correct Answer
B. IonicExplanation
Ionic is the correct answer because it is a term relating to or denoting a classical order of architecture characterized by a column with scroll shapes (volutes) on either side of the capital. The Ionic order is one of the three classical orders of architecture, along with the Doric and Corinthian orders. It is known for its elegant and graceful design, featuring volutes on the capital of the column.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A slight convex curve in the shaft of a column, introduced to correct the visual illusion of concavity produced by a straight shaft.
- A.
Ionic
- B.
Post and lintel
- C.
Entasis
- D.
In antis
- E.
Architrave
Correct Answer
C. EntasisExplanation
Entasis refers to a slight convex curve in the shaft of a column. This curve is intentionally introduced to correct the visual illusion of concavity that is produced by a straight shaft. By adding this subtle curve, the column appears more visually balanced and avoids the appearance of sagging or concavity. This technique was commonly used in ancient Greek and Roman architecture to create a more aesthetically pleasing and harmonious design.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Is a simple architrave[1] where a horizontal member (the lintel—or header) is supported by two vertical posts at either end.
- A.
Post and lintel
- B.
Column
- C.
Terracotta
- D.
Facade
- E.
Nave
Correct Answer
A. Post and lintelExplanation
A post and lintel is a simple architectural structure where a horizontal member, called a lintel or header, is supported by two vertical posts at either end. This type of construction is commonly used in architecture to create openings such as doorways or windows. The lintel provides support and distributes the weight of the structure evenly onto the posts, creating a stable and balanced design.Rate this question:
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- 16.
A curved triangle of vaulting formed by the intersection of a dome with its supporting arches.
- A.
Pendentive
- B.
Cornice
- C.
Ionic
- D.
Dome
- E.
Clerestory
Correct Answer
A. PendentiveExplanation
A pendentive is a curved triangle of vaulting formed by the intersection of a dome with its supporting arches. It is a structural element that helps to transition from a square or rectangular base to a circular dome. Pendentives are commonly used in architecture to distribute the weight of the dome and provide a smooth and graceful transition between the dome and its supporting structure.Rate this question:
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- 17.
“baked earth” is a clay-based unglazed ceramic
- A.
Bracket
- B.
Arcade
- C.
Clerestory
- D.
Terracotta
- E.
Concrete
Correct Answer
D. TerracottaExplanation
Terracotta is the correct answer because it is a type of clay-based unglazed ceramic. It is often used for making pottery, sculptures, and architectural decorations. Terracotta has a characteristic reddish-brown color and is known for its durability and natural appearance. It is commonly used in the construction of buildings and can be found in various architectural elements such as tiles, roof shingles, and decorative ornaments.Rate this question:
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- 18.
THERMAE - the palatial bathcooling room
- A.
Tepidarium
- B.
Calidarium
- C.
Frigidarium
- D.
Sudarium
- E.
Apodyteria
- F.
Palaestra
- G.
Unctuaria or untoria
- H.
Spaeresterium
Correct Answer
C. FrigidariumExplanation
The given answer, frigidarium, is the correct answer because it is one of the rooms found in a thermae, which is a type of ancient Roman bath complex. The frigidarium was the cold room in the bath complex, where people would go after spending time in the hot rooms like the calidarium or tepidarium. It provided a refreshing and cooling experience for bathers. The other options listed are also rooms found in a thermae, but frigidarium specifically refers to the cold room.Rate this question:
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- 19.
One of the most iconic structures of Roman architecture from the 2nd century to the 4th century A.D. is the __________, known for its massive dome and oculus.
Correct Answer
Pantheon, pantheonExplanation
The Pantheon, built in the 2nd century A.D., is one of the most remarkable examples of Roman architecture. Known for its massive dome, it remained the largest unreinforced concrete dome in the world for centuries. The oculus, a circular opening at the center of the dome, allows natural light to flood the interior, symbolizing the connection between the heavens and the earth. The Pantheon still stands as a testament to Roman engineering and architectural prowess.Rate this question:
- 20.
ROMAN CONCRETE WALLS:MADE UP OF RECTANGULAR BLOCKS OF STONE WITH OR WITHOUT JOINTS BUT FREQUENTLY SECURED WITH DOWELS & CRAMPS
- A.
Opus incertum
- B.
Opus quadratum
- C.
Opus recticulatum
- D.
Opus specatum
Correct Answer
B. Opus quadratumExplanation
Opus quadratum refers to a construction technique used in ancient Roman concrete walls. It involves the use of rectangular blocks of stone, which may or may not have joints, but are often secured with dowels and cramps. This technique was commonly used in Roman architecture and is known for its durability and strength. The other options mentioned, opus incertum, opus recticulatum, and opus specatum, are also construction techniques used in Roman architecture, but they do not specifically refer to the use of rectangular blocks of stone secured with dowels and cramps.Rate this question:
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- 21.
ROMAN CONCRETE WALLS:made up of small lain in a loose pattern roughly assembling the polygonal work.
- A.
Opus incertum
- B.
Opus quadratum
- C.
Opus recticulatum
- D.
Opus specatum
Correct Answer
A. Opus incertumExplanation
Opus incertum refers to a type of Roman construction technique where small irregularly shaped stones are laid in a loose pattern to create walls. This technique was commonly used in ancient Roman architecture, particularly for walls and foundations. The other options, opus quadratum, opus recticulatum, and opus specatum, refer to different types of Roman construction techniques that involve more regular and uniform patterns of stone or brickwork. Therefore, the correct answer is opus incertum, as it best fits the description provided.Rate this question:
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- 22.
ROMAN CONCRETE WALLS:fine joints were in diagonal lines like the meshes of a net/
- A.
Opus incertum
- B.
Opus quadratum
- C.
Opus recticulatum
- D.
Opus specatum
Correct Answer
C. Opus recticulatumExplanation
Opus recticulatum is the correct answer because it refers to a type of Roman concrete wall construction where fine joints were laid in diagonal lines, resembling the meshes of a net. This technique was commonly used in ancient Roman architecture to create visually appealing and structurally strong walls. Opus incertum, opus quadratum, and opus specatum are also types of Roman wall construction techniques, but they do not specifically involve diagonal lines like the opus recticulatum.Rate this question:
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- 23.
ROMAN CONCRETE WALLS:for floors chevron pattern
- A.
Opus incertum
- B.
Opus quadratum
- C.
Opus recticulatum
- D.
Opus spicatum
Correct Answer
D. Opus spicatumExplanation
The correct answer is opus spicatum. Opus spicatum refers to a pattern of laying bricks or stones in a herringbone design. This pattern is commonly used in Roman concrete walls, particularly for floors. It provides stability and strength to the structure while also creating an aesthetically pleasing chevron pattern. Opus incertum, opus quadratum, and opus recticulatum are also types of Roman construction techniques, but they do not specifically refer to the chevron pattern used in opus spicatum.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Temple usually oriented toward the ____________.
- A.
East
- B.
West
- C.
Forum
- D.
Plaza
Correct Answer
A. EastExplanation
Many Roman temples were traditionally oriented towards the east. This orientation allowed the entrance to face the rising sun, symbolizing renewal and the beginning of a new day. This practice was influenced by earlier traditions and religious beliefs that associated the east with divinity and auspiciousness.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Most important structure in the forum
- A.
Corua
- B.
Curia
- C.
Curea
- D.
Cuteniya
Correct Answer
B. CuriaExplanation
The most important structure in the forum is the curia. The curia is a building where the Roman Senate would meet to discuss and make decisions on important matters. It was the central governing body of the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. The curia served as a place for senators to debate and vote on legislation, and it played a crucial role in shaping Roman politics and policies.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Public park and avenues of trees w/in the thermae
- A.
Xystus
- B.
Syxtus
- C.
Prominade
- D.
Echos
Correct Answer
A. XystusExplanation
The correct answer is "xystus". A xystus refers to a covered garden walkway or promenade that is lined with trees or columns. In this context, the public park and avenues of trees within the thermae are likely referring to a xystus. This term is derived from ancient Greek and was commonly used in Roman architecture and urban planning.Rate this question:
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- 27.
THERMAE - the palatial bathwarm room
- A.
Tepidarium
- B.
Calidarium
- C.
Frididarium
- D.
Sudarium
- E.
Apodyteria
- F.
Palaestra
- G.
Unctuaria or untoria
- H.
Spaeresterium
Correct Answer
A. TepidariumExplanation
The given answer "Tepidarium" is correct because it is a term used to describe a warm room in ancient Roman baths. The tepidarium was a part of the bath complex where bathers would go to relax and prepare their bodies for the hotter rooms, such as the calidarium and frigidarium. It was typically heated to a moderate temperature and was an important part of the bathing experience.Rate this question:
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- 28.
THERMAE - the palatial bathhot room with hot water bath
- A.
Tepidarium
- B.
Calidarium
- C.
Frididarium
- D.
Sudarium
- E.
Apodyteria
- F.
Palaestra
- G.
Unctuaria or untoria
- H.
Spaeresterium
Correct Answer
B. CalidariumExplanation
The correct answer is "calidarium." Calidarium refers to a hot room or chamber in a Roman bathhouse, specifically the room with a hot water bath. It was a central feature of the thermae, which were palatial bathhouses in ancient Rome. The calidarium was typically heated by a hypocaust system, where hot air circulated beneath the floor and walls, creating a warm and humid environment. This room was used for bathing and relaxation, providing a soothing and therapeutic experience for the bathers.Rate this question:
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- 29.
THERMAE - the palatial bathcooling room
- A.
Tepidarium
- B.
Calidarium
- C.
Frigidarium
- D.
Sudarium
- E.
Apodyteria
- F.
Palaestra
- G.
Unctuaria or untoria
- H.
Spaeresterium
Correct Answer
C. FrigidariumExplanation
The frigidarium is a room in ancient Roman baths that was used for cold plunges or baths. It was typically the last room in the bathing sequence, following the tepidarium and calidarium. The frigidarium was kept at a cool temperature, usually by having cold water flowing through the walls or by using marble slabs. This cold bath was believed to have various health benefits and was used for refreshing and tightening the skin after the hot baths. The frigidarium was an important part of the Roman bathing experience and was often decorated with beautiful mosaics and statues.Rate this question:
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- 30.
THERMAE - the palatial bathdry sweating room/ hottest bath
- A.
Tepidarium
- B.
Calidarium
- C.
Frigidarium
- D.
Sudarium
- E.
Apodyteria
- F.
Palaestra
- G.
Unctuaria or untoria
- H.
Spaeresterium
Correct Answer
D. SudariumExplanation
A sudarium is a type of cloth or towel used for wiping sweat from the body. In the context of the given options, the term "sudarium" fits the description of a bath-related item. It is likely that a sudarium would be used in a palatial bath or spa setting, such as the thermae mentioned in the question. The other options listed are either different types of rooms or areas within a bath complex, or terms that do not directly relate to bathing or sweating.Rate this question:
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- 31.
THERMAE - the palatial bathdressing room
- A.
Apodyteria
- B.
Palaestra
- C.
Unctuaria or untoria
- D.
Spaeresterium
- E.
Tepidarium
- F.
Calidarium
- G.
Frigidarium
- H.
Sudarium
Correct Answer
A. ApodyteriaExplanation
Apodyteria is the correct answer because it refers to the changing room in ancient Roman baths where people would undress and store their clothes before entering the bathing area. It was an important part of the bathing complex, providing a space for individuals to prepare for their bathing experience. The term "apodyteria" comes from the Greek word "apodyterion," which means "undressing room."Rate this question:
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- 32.
THERMAE - the palatial bathplace for oils and perfumes
- A.
Apodyteria
- B.
Palaestra
- C.
Unctuaria or untoria
- D.
Spaeresterium
- E.
Tepidarium
- F.
Calidarium
- G.
Frigidarium
- H.
Sudarium
Correct Answer
C. Unctuaria or untoriaExplanation
The correct answer is "unctuaria or untoria." These terms refer to the rooms in a thermae where oils and perfumes were applied to the body. The unctuaria or untoria rooms were specifically designated for this purpose, allowing visitors to indulge in luxurious and aromatic treatments.Rate this question:
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- 33.
It is called the private bath
- A.
Thermae
- B.
Balneum
- C.
Odeion
- D.
Gaisano
Correct Answer
B. BalneumExplanation
The correct answer is "balneum." Balneum is a Latin term that refers to a private bath. It was commonly used in ancient Rome to describe a small, private bathing facility or a personal bath within a larger public bath complex. This term is often associated with the luxurious and relaxing bathing culture of the Roman Empire.Rate this question:
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- 34.
ROMAN ARCHITECTS pantheon
- A.
Agrippa
- B.
Vespatian / domitian
- C.
Apollodorus of Damascus
- D.
Domitian
Correct Answer
C. Apollodorus of DamascusExplanation
The Pantheon, an iconic structure in Rome, was built during the Roman Empire. Although the identity of the architect remains uncertain, most scholars attribute its design to Apollodorus of Damascus. Emperor Hadrian, known for his passion for architecture, collaborated with Apollodorus to create this remarkable temple. The Pantheon features a columned porch with massive granite Corinthian columns, an intermediate brick area, and a monumental dome. Its large circular domed cella, still the world’s largest unreinforced concrete dome, has left an indelible mark on Western architecture.Rate this question:
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- 35.
ROMAN ARCHITECTScolosseum
- A.
Agrippa
- B.
Vespatian / domitian
- C.
Appoladoms pf demascus
- D.
Domitian
Correct Answer
B. Vespatian / domitianExplanation
The correct answer is Vespatian/Domitian. The question seems to be asking about Roman architects who were involved in the construction of the Colosseum. Vespatian and Domitian were both Roman emperors who contributed to the building of the Colosseum. Vespatian initiated the construction in 70 AD, while Domitian completed it in 80 AD.Rate this question:
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- 36.
ROMAN ARCHITECTSbasilica of trajan
- A.
Agrippa
- B.
Vespatian / domitian
- C.
Appoladoms pf demascus
- D.
Domitian
Correct Answer
C. Appoladoms pf demascus -
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