Mini 3 practice questions assess knowledge in diagnosing and treating bacterial infections with resistance to multiple antibiotics. It focuses on understanding mechanisms of resistance and applying this knowledge in clinical scenarios, crucial for medical professionals.
A. D-ser or D-lac in the peptide tail of the peptidoglycan
B. Point mutation in penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)
C. Presence of an outer membrane
D. Acquisition of an antibiotic acetyltransferase
E. Expression of a thickened cell wall
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A. Presence of a lipid bilayer membrane
B. Point mutation in the transglycosylase and/or transpeptidase enzymes
C. Acquired antibiotic adenyltransferase enzyme
D. Altered peptidoglycan structure
E. Point mutation in the DNA gyrase enzyme
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A. Antibiotic efflux and antibiotic modification
B. Antibiotic modification and target point mutation
C. Antibiotic degradation and target enzyme replacement
D. Decreased permeability and target structure replacement
E. Antibiotic degradation and target structure replacement
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A. Antibiotic destruction
B. Decreased permeability
C. Mutation of DNA gyrase
D. Increased efflux
E. Replacement of penicillin-binding proteins
F. Antibiotic modification
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A. Acquired efflux pump / ribosome mutation
B. Transpeptidase mutation / peptidyltransferase mutation
C. Acquired efflux pump / outer membrane porin mutation
D. Altered peptidoglycan structure / 16S rRNA mutation
E. Topoisomerase mutation / acquisition of erm gene
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A. The patient becomes desensitized to the drug, thereby allowing the bacteria to survive
B. The antibiotic becomes inactivated over time, allowing the bacteria to survive
C. Bacterial cells with random mutations providing resistance are selected for by treatment
D. The bacteria acquire resistance genes over time, allowing them to survive
E. Bacteria become less tolerant of the antibiotic, and start to develop resistance mechanisms
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A. i, iii, v
B. i, ii, iv, vi
C. ii, iv, v, vi
D. ii, iii, iv, v, vi
E. i, iii, iv, v, vi
F. All of the above
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A. Presence of a lipid bilayer membrane
B. Point mutation in the transglycosylase and/or transpeptidase enzymes
C. Acquired antibiotic acetyltransferase enzyme
D. Altered peptidoglycan structure
E. Decreased uptake of the antibiotic
F. Increased antibiotic efflux
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A. Point mutation
B. Specialized transduction
C. Generalized transduction
D. Transformation
E. Conjugation
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A. Degrades a broad range of beta-lactamase antibiotics
B. Degrades penicillins
C. Creates and connects strands of peptidoglycan
D. Acetylates nafcillin
E. Incorporates D-serine into the peptidoglycan monomer
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A. Transmembrane protein requiring energy
B. Outer membrane protein forming a passive pore
C. Hydrolytic enzyme
D. Enzyme forming a covalent bond between the antibiotic and a small molecule
E. Enzyme forming a covalent bond between the target and a small molecule
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A. Acquisition of an isoniazid acetyltransferase enzyme
B. Point mutation in inhA or katG genes
C. Acquisition of a mex efflux pump
D. Production of mycolic acids
E. Acquisition of SCCmec transposon
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A. ESKAPET
B. HACEK
C. SMASHED
D. MRSA
E. VRE
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A. Etest
B. Broth microdilution
C. Agar microdilution
D. Kirby Bauer
E. MIC testing
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A. Pharmacokinetics
B. Clinical outcomes
C. MIC distributions
D. Type of infection
E. Minimum bactericidal concentrations
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A. MIC interpretation table
B. Susceptibility table
C. Antibiogram
D. Treatment table
E. Research result
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A. 63% of similar isolates are resistant to a member of this antibiotic class
B. Only 84% of similar isolates are susceptible to a member of this antibiotic class
C. 9% of similar isolates are resistant to a member of this antibiotic class
D. 37% of similar isolates are resistant to a member of this antibiotic class
E. Only 87% of similar isolates are susceptible to a member of this antibiotic class
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Blue to Red
Blue to Green
Green to Red
Red to Green
Green to Blue
Red to Blue
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Acquisition of plasmid by transformation
Point mutations
Acquisition of plasmid by conjugation
Acquisition of chromosomal genes by conjugation
Acquisition of genes by transduction
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Downregulation of the resistance gene
Insertion of a transposon into the resistance gene
Loss of a plasmid carrying the resistance gene
Point mutations in the resistance gene
Recombination with a defective copy of the resistance gene
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Staphylococcus
Listeria
Pseudomonas
Streptococcus
Mycoplasma
Pneumocystis
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Mupirocin
Vancomycin
Nafcillin
Linezolid
Daptomycin
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Penicillinase
ESBL
Ribosome methylation
Production of altered PG monomer
Point mutation in the PBP
Acquisition of alternate PBP
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Acyclovir-resistant HSV-1
Vn-resistant E. coli
Isoniazid-resistant TB
Aminoglycoside-resistant Enterococcus
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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 20, 2023 +
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