1.
What is the center of an atom called?
Correct Answer
D. Nucleus
Explanation
The center of an atom is called the nucleus. It is a small, dense region located at the center of the atom. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, which are collectively known as nucleons. Electrons, on the other hand, orbit around the nucleus in specific energy levels. The nucleus plays a crucial role in determining the atomic number and mass of an atom.
2.
What is the darkest part of the shadow?
Correct Answer
E. Umbra
Explanation
The darkest part of a shadow is called the umbra. This is the region where the light source is completely blocked, resulting in no light reaching the surface. In contrast, the penumbra is the partially shaded area surrounding the umbra, where some light is still able to reach. The pendulum and dark side are unrelated to shadows and do not refer to the darkest part.
3.
______ confirmed copernicus' ideas.
Correct Answer
Galileo
Explanation
Galileo confirmed Copernicus' ideas. Galileo was an Italian astronomer and physicist who played a key role in the scientific revolution. He made observations with his telescope that supported Copernicus' heliocentric theory, which stated that the Earth revolves around the sun. Galileo's discoveries and experiments provided strong evidence for the heliocentric model and challenged the prevailing geocentric view. His work was significant in confirming and advancing Copernicus' ideas about the structure of the solar system.
4.
What is the breaking of white light into all the colors of the visible spectrum?
Correct Answer
A. Diffraction
Explanation
Diffraction is the process of breaking white light into all the colors of the visible spectrum. When light encounters an obstacle or passes through a narrow slit, it bends or spreads out, causing the different wavelengths of light to separate and create a spectrum of colors. This phenomenon is known as diffraction. Refraction refers to the bending of light as it passes through different mediums, while reflection is the bouncing back of light from a surface. Spectrum refers to the range of colors that make up white light.
5.
Along with whom did Bill Gates find Microsoft?
Correct Answer
D. Paul Allen
Explanation
Bill Gates founded Microsoft along with Paul Allen. Paul Allen was a childhood friend of Bill Gates and together they co-founded Microsoft in 1975. Paul Allen played a crucial role in the early development of Microsoft, including creating the company's first product, the Altair BASIC interpreter. He also contributed to the company's strategic decisions and helped establish Microsoft as one of the leading technology companies in the world.
6.
What does the abbreviation WWW stand for?
Correct Answer
B. World Wide Web
Explanation
The abbreviation WWW stands for World Wide Web. It is a system of interconnected documents and other resources, linked by hyperlinks and URLs. It is a global information space where users can access and share information through websites. The World Wide Web revolutionized the way we access and share information, making it easily accessible to people all around the world.
7.
The study of plants is known as botany.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The study of plants is known as botany. This is true because botany is the branch of biology that focuses on the scientific study of plants, including their structure, growth, reproduction, metabolism, and classification. Botanists study various aspects of plants, such as their anatomy, physiology, ecology, and evolution, in order to understand their role in the environment and their importance to human life.
8.
Sharks are mammals.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Sharks are not mammals, they are actually fish. Mammals are warm-blooded animals that give birth to live young and nurse them with milk. Sharks, on the other hand, are cold-blooded fish that lay eggs. Therefore, the statement that sharks are mammals is false.