7th Grade Science Test- Genetics

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  • 1/22 Questions

    The process of creating a protein from an mRNA template is called _______ .

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About This Quiz

Parents normally pass certain traits to their offspring and these traits are as a result of inherited genes. The study of genetics is important as it gives us a fresh look at how to cure some genetic diseases or show on the possibility of getting them. This is a quiz about Mendel, his contributions, Punnett Squares, Probability, and Genetics. Give it a try and see how much you understand genetics as a seventh grader.

7th Grade Science Test- Genetics - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Mendel's experiments demonstrated that parents traits to not always go to their _________. 

    Explanation
    Mendel's experiments demonstrated that parents' traits do not always go to their offspring. This means that the characteristics or traits of the parents are not always passed on directly to their children. Instead, there is a process of inheritance where certain traits may be dominant or recessive, resulting in variations in the offspring's traits. Mendel's experiments with pea plants showed that traits could be inherited independently, leading to the development of his laws of inheritance.

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  • 3. 

    If a coin is tossed 10 times, what is the probability that it will land on heads? (answer is a percent)

    • 50 times

    • 5 times

    • 50%

    • 100%

    Correct Answer
    A. 50%
    Explanation
    The probability of a coin landing on heads is always 50% because there are only two possible outcomes: heads or tails. Since the coin is tossed 10 times, the probability of it landing on heads for each toss remains the same, resulting in a 50% chance overall.

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  • 4. 

    A penny is tossed 6 times and has landed on heads each time. Knowing those results is the penny going to land on heads the next toss?

    • Yes

    • No

    • 50% chance of heads and 50% chance of tails

    Correct Answer
    A. 50% chance of heads and 50% chance of tails
    Explanation
    The previous outcomes of the penny landing on heads do not affect the outcome of the next toss. Each toss of the penny is an independent event, and the probability of getting heads or tails remains the same for each toss. Therefore, there is a 50% chance of getting heads and a 50% chance of getting tails on the next toss.

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  • 5. 

    When a capital letter is used, what kind of allele is being represented?

    • Recessive Allele

    • Codominance

    • Punnett Squares

    • Dominant Allele

    Correct Answer
    A. Dominant Allele
    Explanation
    When a capital letter is used, it represents a dominant allele. Dominant alleles are expressed in the phenotype even if there is only one copy of the allele present in the genotype. This means that if an individual has at least one copy of the dominant allele, the trait associated with that allele will be visible. In contrast, recessive alleles are only expressed in the phenotype if an individual has two copies of the recessive allele. Codominance refers to a situation where both alleles in a heterozygous individual are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that shows characteristics of both alleles. Punnett squares are a tool used to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring in a genetic cross.

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  • 6. 

    If a heterozygous chicken has both black and white feathers, they have neither a dominant or recessive trait. What is having neither a dominant or recessive trait called?

    • A black and white chicken

    • A White chicken with black

    • Neither black or white feathers

    • Codominance

    Correct Answer
    A. Codominance
    Explanation
    Codominance is the correct answer because it refers to a situation in which both alleles of a gene are expressed equally in the phenotype of a heterozygous individual. In this case, the black and white feathers are both expressed in the chicken, indicating codominance rather than a dominant or recessive trait.

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  • 7. 

    Mendel decided to cross pea plants with ____________ traits.

    Correct Answer
    contrasting, different
    Explanation
    Mendel decided to cross pea plants with contrasting, different traits because he wanted to study the inheritance patterns and determine how traits are passed down from one generation to the next. By crossing plants with traits that were visibly different from each other, such as tall plants with short plants, he was able to observe and analyze the patterns of inheritance and develop his laws of inheritance.

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  • 8. 

    After Mendel died scientists began to recognize the importance of his ideas. They called him a name. What was the name that they called him?

    • Father of Genes

    • Father of Heredity

    • Father of Genetics

    • Father of Traits

    Correct Answer
    A. Father of Genetics
    Explanation
    After Mendel died, scientists recognized the significance of his ideas and referred to him as the "Father of Genetics." This title acknowledges Mendel's groundbreaking work in understanding the principles of heredity and how traits are passed down from one generation to another. His experiments with pea plants laid the foundation for the field of genetics and revolutionized our understanding of inheritance.

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  • 9. 

    What is happening when pollen from one plant is put into another?

    • Cross Pollination

    • Brushing

    • Fertilization

    • None of the Above

    Correct Answer
    A. Cross Pollination
    Explanation
    Cross pollination occurs when pollen from one plant is transferred to the reproductive organs of another plant. This can happen through various means, such as wind, insects, birds, or other animals. The transfer of pollen allows for the fertilization process to occur, leading to the production of seeds and the continuation of plant reproduction. Unlike self-pollination, which occurs within the same plant, cross pollination promotes genetic diversity and can result in stronger and more adaptable offspring.

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  • 10. 

    If a pea plant has a gray seed coat color, is that the pea plants phenotype of genotype?

    • Phenotype

    • Genotype

    • Neither

    • Both

    Correct Answer
    A. Phenotype
    Explanation
    The gray seed coat color is an observable trait of the pea plant, which is known as the phenotype. The phenotype is the physical expression of the genetic makeup of an organism, and in this case, the gray seed coat color is a visible characteristic of the pea plant. The genotype, on the other hand, refers to the genetic composition or the specific alleles present in an organism's DNA. Without information about the specific alleles or genes responsible for the gray seed coat color, we cannot determine the genotype. Therefore, the correct answer is phenotype.

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  • 11. 

    Mendel wondered why different pea plants had _________ ____________?

    • Different Genes

    • Pollen

    • Different Characteristics

    • Many parents

    Correct Answer
    A. Different Characteristics
    Explanation
    Mendel wondered why different pea plants had different characteristics. He observed that certain traits, such as flower color or seed shape, varied among the pea plants. This led him to hypothesize that these traits were determined by different genes, which were inherited from the parents and influenced the characteristics of the offspring. Mendel's experiments with pea plants laid the foundation for our understanding of genetics and the inheritance of traits.

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  • 12. 

    When the Dominant Allele is Green Pod Color and the Recessive Allele is a Pinched Pod Shape is it possible for an organism to have both of the traits?

    • Yes

    • No

    • I don't know

    Correct Answer
    A. Yes
    Explanation
    Yes, it is possible for an organism to have both the traits of Green Pod Color and Pinched Pod Shape. This is because the traits are controlled by different genes and are not mutually exclusive. An organism can inherit the dominant allele for Green Pod Color and the recessive allele for Pinched Pod Shape from its parents, resulting in the expression of both traits simultaneously.

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  • 13. 

    The passing of physical characteristics from parent to offspring is __________.

    • Genetics

    • Traits

    • Fertilization

    • Heredity

    Correct Answer
    A. Heredity
    Explanation
    Heredity is the passing of physical characteristics from parent to offspring. It involves the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next, which determines the traits and characteristics that an individual inherits. Through heredity, traits such as eye color, hair texture, and height are passed down from parents to their children. This process is governed by genetics, which is the study of how traits are inherited and expressed.

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  • 14. 

    A Punnett Square shows all the possible combinations of what?

    • Genes

    • Alleles

    • Coin Tosses

    • Probability

    Correct Answer
    A. Alleles
    Explanation
    A Punnett Square shows all the possible combinations of alleles. Alleles are different forms of a gene that can occupy the same position on a chromosome. Punnett Squares are used to predict the probability of certain traits or genetic disorders in offspring by combining the alleles from two parent organisms. By filling in the squares with the different alleles from each parent, the possible combinations of alleles and their likelihood can be determined.

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  • 15. 

    When an organism has two different alleles for a trait they are said to be ________________. (two possible answers)

    • Heterozygous

    • Homozygous

    • Hybrid

    • Purebred

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Heterozygous
    A. Hybrid
    Explanation
    When an organism has two different alleles for a trait, they are said to be heterozygous or hybrid. Heterozygous means that the organism has two different alleles for a particular trait, while hybrid refers to the combination of two different genetic backgrounds. Both terms indicate that the organism carries two different versions of the gene for a specific trait.

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  • 16. 

    Black is the dominant color of bunny's fur, it can be expressed using what genotype combination?

    • Bb

    • BB

    • Bb

    • Just A and C

    • Just A and B

    Correct Answer
    A. Just A and B
    Explanation
    In genetics, dominant alleles are represented by uppercase letters, and recessive alleles are represented by lowercase letters. A dominant allele is expressed even if only one copy is present, while a recessive allele is only expressed if two copies are present.
    In this case, black fur is dominant, so it can be expressed with either one or two copies of the dominant allele (B). Therefore, the possible genotype combinations for a black bunny are Bb (heterozygous) or BB (homozygous dominant).

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  • 17. 

    When Mendel crossed the pea plants the trait that seemed to disappear happened to reappear. During what generation did it reappear?

    Correct Answer
    Explanation
    The trait that seemed to disappear and then reappear in Mendel's pea plant crosses is known as a recessive trait. This trait is masked or hidden in the first generation (F1) when two different traits are crossed, but reappears in the second generation (F2) when the plants with hidden traits are crossed with each other. This phenomenon is explained by Mendel's laws of inheritance, specifically the law of segregation, which states that each individual has two copies of a gene, and these copies separate during the formation of gametes.

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  • 18. 

    If a Purebred Tall Plant and a Purebred short plant are crossed when will be the outcome of the F1 generation?

    • 100% Purebred Short

    • 75% Tall and 25% Short

    • 100% Tall

    • 100% Purebred Tall

    Correct Answer
    A. 100% Tall
    Explanation
    When a purebred tall plant and a purebred short plant are crossed, the outcome of the F1 generation will be 100% tall. This is because the tall trait is dominant over the short trait.

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  • 19. 

    If Tall is the dominant trait and short is the recessive trait what letter(s) do you represent a short plant with?

    • Ss

    • Ss

    • Tt

    • Tt

    Correct Answer
    A. Tt
    Explanation
    In genetics, dominant traits are represented by uppercase letters, and recessive traits are represented by lowercase letters. Since short is the recessive trait, it is represented by two lowercase letters, indicating that the plant has two copies of the recessive allele (homozygous recessive). Hence, a short plant is represented by "tt".

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  • 20. 

    A wrinkled seed shape is the Recessive Allele, what is the Dominant Allele?

    • Smooth

    • Round

    • Pinched

    • Yellow

    Correct Answer
    A. Round
    Explanation
    The given question is asking for the dominant allele that corresponds to the recessive allele of a wrinkled seed shape. From the options provided, "Round" is the most suitable answer. This is because the trait of having a round seed shape is dominant over the trait of having a wrinkled seed shape. Therefore, if an organism inherits the allele for round seed shape, it will exhibit the round seed shape phenotype.

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  • 21. 

    If the probability of something is 75% will the event really occur 75% of the time?

    • Yes

    • No

    • I don't know

    • It could but it does not all the time

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. No
    A. It could but it does not all the time
    Explanation
    The answer "No, it could but it does not all the time" suggests that just because the probability of something happening is 75%, it does not guarantee that the event will occur 75% of the time. Probability is a measure of the likelihood of an event occurring, but it does not determine the actual outcome. In some cases, the event may occur more or less frequently than the predicted probability.

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  • 22. 

    When colored chips are pulled out of a bag AND NOT put back in, is the probability still independent?

    • Yes

    • No

    • I don't know

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Yes
    A. No
    Explanation
    The probability is still independent when colored chips are pulled out of a bag and not put back in. This is because the outcome of one event does not affect the probability of the other event. In other words, the probability of pulling out a specific colored chip remains the same regardless of whether previous chips of the same color were removed or not.

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  • Current Version
  • Jan 21, 2025
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • May 30, 2009
    Quiz Created by
    Sfurtek
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