Soal Pilihan Ganda Bab IV Kelas Xii Smk/Mak
- 1.
Negara Kesatuan adalah bentuk negara dimana wewenang legislatif tertinggi dipusatkan dalam suatu badan legislatif nasional. Kekuasaan negara dipegang oleh pemerintah pusat. Pemerintah pusat dapat menyerahkan sebagian kekuasaannya kepada daerah berdasarkan hak otonomi, tetapi pada tahap terakhir kekuasaan tetap berada di tangan pemerintah pusat. Pernyataan ini adalah pengertian negara kesatuan menurut ....
- A.
John Locke
- B.
C.F. Strong
- C.
Laode Ida
- D.
Thomas Hobbes
- E.
Mr. Kranenburg
Correct Answer
B. C.F. Strong -
- 2.
Negara kesatuan sering juga disebut negara ....
- A.
Pluralis
- B.
Sosialis
- C.
Liberalis
- D.
Ethnosentris
- E.
Unitaris
Correct Answer
E. UnitarisExplanation
Negara kesatuan adalah sebuah negara di mana kekuasaan politik dan administratif terpusat di pemerintah pusat, dan wilayah-wilayah atau daerah-daerah hanya memiliki kekuasaan yang diberikan oleh pemerintah pusat. Dalam negara kesatuan, kebijakan dan hukum yang berlaku di seluruh wilayah negara tersebut ditetapkan oleh pemerintah pusat. Oleh karena itu, jawaban yang tepat adalah "Unitaris", yang menggambarkan negara kesatuan.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Pemerintah pusat memberikan sebagian kewenangan pemerintahan kepada daerah lewat mekanisme otonomi daerah. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa negara kesatuan tersebut menganut sistem ....
- A.
Desentralisasi
- B.
Sentralisasi
- C.
Dekonsentrasi
- D.
Restorasi
- E.
Vertikalisasi
Correct Answer
A. DesentralisasiExplanation
The correct answer is "desentralisasi." This is because the statement mentions that the central government delegates some of its powers to the regions through the mechanism of regional autonomy. This indicates that the unitary state follows a system of decentralization, where power is distributed to local governments.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Berikut ini yang bukan merupakan makna dari slogan “NKRI Harga Mati” adalah ....
- A.
Jiwa patriotisme bangsa Indonesia
- B.
Semangat persatuan dan kesatuan
- C.
Kekuasaan sepenuhnya ada pada pemerintah pusat
- D.
Mencintai tanah air dan setiap jengkal wilayah NKRI
- E.
Semangat menjaga kedaulatan negara
Correct Answer
C. Kekuasaan sepenuhnya ada pada pemerintah pusatExplanation
The slogan "NKRI Harga Mati" means "The Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia is an Unquestionable Value". It emphasizes the importance of national unity, patriotism, and the preservation of Indonesia's sovereignty. The phrase "Kekuasaan sepenuhnya ada pada pemerintah pusat" translates to "Full power is held by the central government", which does not align with the meaning of the slogan. The slogan emphasizes the unity and value of the entire nation, rather than focusing solely on the central government's power.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Prinsip kesatuan dalam Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia dipertegas dalam Pembukaan UUD NKRI Tahun 1945, yaitu pada alinea ....
- A.
Kelima
- B.
Keempat
- C.
Ketiga
- D.
Kedua
- E.
Pertama
Correct Answer
B. KeempatExplanation
The correct answer is "Keempat". The principle of unity in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia is emphasized in the opening of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, specifically in the fourth paragraph.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Karakteristik Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia dapat dipandang dari segi kewilayahan. Hal ini tersirat di dalam batang tubuh UUD NKRI Tahun 1945 pada pasal ....
- A.
18 ayat (1)
- B.
18B ayat (2)
- C.
25A
- D.
25B
- E.
37 ayat (5)
Correct Answer
C. 25AExplanation
The correct answer is 25A. This article of the UUD NKRI Tahun 1945 implies the characteristic of the Republic of Indonesia as a unitary state from a territorial perspective. The specific article 25A likely outlines the principles or provisions related to the territorial organization and administration of the country. However, without the complete text of article 25A, it is difficult to provide a more detailed explanation.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Meskipun telah menjadi pegangan, UUD NKRI Tahun 1945 pada masa revolusi kemerdekaan belum sepenuhnya dapat dijalankan secara murni dan konsekuen. Penyebab utamanya adalah ....
- A.
Pemerintahan yang baru dibentuk masih terbatas
- B.
Provinsi yang dibentuk masih sedikit
- C.
Kekuasaan Presiden menjadi untuk sementara waktu teramat luas
- D.
Semua kekuatan negara masih difokuskan untuk mempertahankan kemerdekaan
- E.
Propaganda Belanda yang ingin kembali menjajah Indonesia
Correct Answer
D. Semua kekuatan negara masih difokuskan untuk mempertahankan kemerdekaanExplanation
During the revolution for independence, the newly formed government had limited resources and capabilities, which hindered the full implementation of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Additionally, the number of provinces established was still limited, and the President held extensive temporary powers. The main reason for this was that all the state's resources and efforts were concentrated on defending and maintaining independence. Furthermore, the Dutch propaganda aimed at re-colonizing Indonesia posed a significant challenge to the implementation of the constitution.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Pada masa revolusi kemerdekaan, pemerintahan negara yang baru dapat dibentuk adalah berikut ini, kecuali ....
- A.
PPKI
- B.
Presiden
- C.
Wakil Presiden
- D.
Menteri-menteri
- E.
Gubernur
Correct Answer
A. PPKIExplanation
During the period of independence revolution, the new government of the country could be formed with the following entities: PPKI, President, Vice President, and Ministers. However, the exception is the Governor. Governors are not part of the new government that was formed during the independence revolution.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Pada masa revolusi kemerdekaan, kekuasaan MPR dan DPR pada mulanya dipegang oleh Presiden, itupun hanya untuk sementara waktu. Namun, kemudian diberikan kepada ....
- A.
Wakil Presiden
- B.
Perdana Menteri
- C.
PPKI
- D.
KNIP
- E.
Para Menteri
Correct Answer
D. KNIPExplanation
During the independence revolution, the power of the MPR and DPR was initially held by the President, but only temporarily. However, it was later given to KNIP (Komite Nasional Indonesia Pusat), which was a central national committee established to assist the President in governing the country during the revolution. KNIP acted as a legislative body and played a crucial role in making important decisions and policies for the newly independent Indonesia.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Begitu kuatnya tekad dan semangat untuk tetap mempertahankan dan kedaulatan NKRI, pemerintah Indonesia pada masa Revolusi Kemerdekaan rela untuk menyimpang dari ketentuan UUD NKRI 1945 demi menghadapi propaganda Belanda. Salah satunya adalah mengubah sistem pemerintahan presidensial menjadi sistem pemerintahan....
- A.
Federal
- B.
Liberal
- C.
Kolonial
- D.
Feodal
- E.
Parlementer
Correct Answer
E. ParlementerExplanation
During the Indonesian Revolution, the government was determined to defend the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia. In order to counter Dutch propaganda, they were willing to deviate from the provisions of the 1945 Constitution. One of the changes made was to shift from a presidential system of government to a parliamentary system. This decision was likely made to strengthen the government's position and increase its ability to respond to the challenges they were facing during that time.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Bentuk negara Indonesia pada masa Republik Indonesia Serikat pernah mengalami perubahan, yaitu menjadi negara ....
- A.
Sosialis
- B.
Federasi
- C.
Persemakmuran
- D.
Persekutuan
- E.
Perserikatan
Correct Answer
B. FederasiExplanation
During the period of the United States of Indonesia, the form of the Indonesian state underwent a change and became a federation. This means that power was shared between the central government and regional governments, allowing for greater autonomy and self-governance at the regional level. This change was a response to the diverse ethnic and cultural makeup of Indonesia, aiming to accommodate the different regions and maintain unity within the country.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Konstitusi yang berlaku pada masa Republik Indonesia Serikat adalah ....
- A.
UUD Tahun 1945
- B.
Konstitusi RIS
- C.
UUDS 1950
- D.
Maklumat Pemerintah
- E.
Tap MPR
Correct Answer
B. Konstitusi RISExplanation
The correct answer is Konstitusi RIS. This is because the question asks for the constitution that was in effect during the period of the United States of Indonesia, which was a federal state that existed from 1949 to 1950. The Konstitusi RIS, or the Constitution of the United States of Indonesia, was the constitution that governed this period. The UUD Tahun 1945 was the constitution that came into effect after the dissolution of the United States of Indonesia and is the current constitution of Indonesia. UUDS 1950 refers to the Constitution of 1950, which was in effect during the period of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. Maklumat Pemerintah and Tap MPR are not relevant to the question.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Salah satu negara bagian Republik Indonesia Serikat adalah Negara Republik Indonesia, yang pada masa itu pemerintahannya berpusat di ....
- A.
Jakarta
- B.
Bandung
- C.
Yogyakarta
- D.
Surabaya
- E.
Bukit Tinggi
Correct Answer
C. YogyakartaExplanation
Yogyakarta is the correct answer because it is stated in the question that the government was centered in a state of the Republic of Indonesia. Yogyakarta is one of the provinces in Indonesia and it is known for being a special region with its own sultanate and government. Therefore, it makes sense that the government was centered in Yogyakarta during that time.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Meskipun tidak berbentuk negara kesatuan pada masa Republik Indonesia Serikat, semangat untuk mempersatukan wilayah Indonesia tetap menggelora. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan tetap melakukan beberapa kali operasi militer untuk menumpas gerakan-gerakan separatis yang mengancam kedaulatan di semua wilayah Indonesia. Adapun operasi militer yang dilakukan untuk menumpas Pemberontakan APRA dilakukan oleh ....
- A.
Pasukan Siliwangi
- B.
Tentara Teritorium Indonesia Timur
- C.
Pasukan Garuda
- D.
KSAD
- E.
RPKAD
Correct Answer
A. Pasukan SiliwangiExplanation
The correct answer is Pasukan Siliwangi. The passage mentions that despite not being a unitary state during the United States of Indonesia era, there was still a strong spirit to unite the Indonesian territories. This was demonstrated by several military operations carried out to suppress separatist movements that threatened the sovereignty of all Indonesian territories. The passage does not provide specific information about the other options, but it does mention the operation to suppress the APRA rebellion, which was carried out by Pasukan Siliwangi. Therefore, Pasukan Siliwangi is the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Perubahan NKRI menjadi Republik Indonesia Serikat pada masa itu pada dasarnya adalah sebuah keterpaksaan, karena merupakan hasil kesepakatan dalam sebuah perundingan dengan Kerajaan Belanda, yang dikenal dengan nama ....
- A.
Perjanjian Bungaya
- B.
Perjanjian Linggarjati
- C.
Perjanjian Renville
- D.
Perjanjian Roem-Royen
- E.
Konferensi Meja Bundar (KMB)
Correct Answer
E. Konferensi Meja Bundar (KMB)Explanation
The correct answer is Konferensi Meja Bundar (KMB). The explanation for this is that during the negotiations between the Republic of Indonesia and the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the two parties agreed to hold a round table conference known as Konferensi Meja Bundar (KMB). This conference was held in The Hague, Netherlands, from August 23, 1949, to November 2, 1949. The result of this conference was the recognition of the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia and the establishment of the United States of Indonesia, which later became the Republic of Indonesia. Therefore, the change from the NKRI to the Republic of Indonesia Serikat was a result of the agreement reached at the KMB.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Gerakan separatis terbesar yang melakukan pemberontakan di hampir seluruh wilayah-wilayah penting di Indonesia pada masa demokrasi liberal adalah gerakan ....
- A.
APRA
- B.
Andi Azis
- C.
PRRI
- D.
DI/TII
- E.
Permesta
Correct Answer
D. DI/TIIExplanation
The correct answer is DI/TII. Gerakan DI/TII (Darul Islam/Tentara Islam Indonesia) was the largest separatist movement in Indonesia during the liberal democracy era. It carried out rebellions in various important regions of Indonesia, aiming to establish an Islamic state. The movement was led by Kartosuwiryo and lasted from 1949 to 1962.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Sebagai perwujudan nilai-nilai demokrasi dan untuk menampung aspirasi rakyat, pada masa demokrasi liberal dilaksanakan Pemilu pertama dalam sejarah bangsa Indonesia, yaitu pada tahun ....
- A.
1950
- B.
1953
- C.
1955
- D.
1957
- E.
1959
Correct Answer
C. 1955Explanation
In order to embody the values of democracy and accommodate the aspirations of the people, the first general election in the history of Indonesia was held during the era of liberal democracy. This election took place in the year 1955.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Apapun bentuk negara yang coba diterapkan oleh bangsa Indonesia, baik itu atas dasar desakan pihak asing maupun demi menjaga stabilitas negara. Bangsa Indonesia pada akhirnya tetap teguh pada pendiriannya tentang bentuk negara kesatuan ditandai dengan berlakunya kembali UUD Tahun 1945. Hal ini secara tegas terdapat pada isi ....
- A.
Maklumat Pemerintah
- B.
UUDS 1950
- C.
Dekrit Presiden
- D.
Tap MPRS
- E.
Musyawarah Konstituante
Correct Answer
C. Dekrit PresidenExplanation
The explanation for the given correct answer is that the Dekrit Presiden (Presidential Decree) is the document that explicitly states Indonesia's commitment to maintaining a unitary state. Despite external pressures and the need to ensure stability, the Indonesian people remained firm in their belief in a unitary state, as evidenced by the re-enactment of the 1945 Constitution. The other options listed, such as Maklumat Pemerintah (Government Proclamation), UUDS 1950, Tap MPRS, and Musyawarah Konstituante, do not specifically address the issue of the state's form and do not demonstrate the same level of commitment to a unitary state as the Dekrit Presiden does.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Pada masa Orde Lama, awalnya Presiden Soekarno ingin mengembalikan konsep demokrasi Pancasila sebagai sistem demokrasi di Indonesia, dengan berpedoman pada Sila Keempat Pancasila. Namun dalam prakteknya, konsep demokrasi yang diberlakukan adalah ....
- A.
Liberal
- B.
Terpimpin
- C.
Federal
- D.
Sosialis
- E.
Continental
Correct Answer
B. TerpimpinExplanation
During the Old Order era, President Soekarno initially wanted to restore the concept of Pancasila democracy as the democratic system in Indonesia, based on the Fourth Principle of Pancasila. However, in practice, the implemented concept of democracy was "Terpimpin" or Guided Democracy. This concept emphasized strong leadership and government control over various aspects of society, including the economy and political decision-making. It aimed to achieve social justice and economic development through a centralized and planned approach, with the government guiding and directing the nation's development.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Berikut ini adalah bentuk-bentuk penyimpangan terhadap UUD Tahun 1945 selama masa Orde Lama, kecuali ....
- A.
Anggota DPR-GR diangkat dan diberhentikan oleh Presiden
- B.
Anggota MPR-S diangkat dan diberhentikan oleh Presiden
- C.
Penetapan Presiden seumur hidup oleh MPR-S
- D.
Pemerasan unsur-unsur Pancasila dari lima (5) menjadi tiga (3), lalu menjadi satu (1)
- E.
Membentuk Front Nasional yang sebenarnya hanya sebagai Ormas
Correct Answer
E. Membentuk Front Nasional yang sebenarnya hanya sebagai OrmasExplanation
During the Old Order era, there were several deviations from the 1945 Constitution. These included the appointment and dismissal of DPR-GR members by the President, the appointment and dismissal of MPR-S members by the President, the lifetime appointment of the President by MPR-S, and the coercion of Pancasila elements from five to three, and then to one. However, the formation of a National Front that was actually only an organization of mass movements was not a deviation from the 1945 Constitution.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Akibat yang ditimbulkan dari penyimpangan-penyimpangan terhadap Pancasila dan UUD Tahun 1945 pada akhirnya mencapai titik nadir dan menorehkan catatan hitam sejarah perjuangan bangsa, dengan terjadinya peristiwa ....
- A.
Pemberontakan APRA
- B.
Pemberontakan DI/TII
- C.
Pemberontakan PRRI
- D.
Pemberontakan G30S/PKI
- E.
Pemberontakan Permesta
Correct Answer
D. Pemberontakan G30S/PKIExplanation
The correct answer is Pemberontakan G30S/PKI. The question mentions that the deviations from Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution eventually reach a low point and leave a dark mark on the nation's struggle. The G30S/PKI rebellion was a significant event in Indonesian history that occurred in 1965, where a group of army officers and members of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) attempted to overthrow the government. This rebellion resulted in a violent anti-communist purge and the subsequent rise of Suharto's authoritarian regime.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Semua pemberontakan dan gerakan separatis di Indonesia, selain berlatar belakang unsur politik, juga mengancam kedaulatan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia, karena memberikan ancaman pada unsur .... bangsa Indonesia.
- A.
Ideologi
- B.
Ekonomi
- C.
Hukum
- D.
Sosial
- E.
Budaya
Correct Answer
A. IdeologiExplanation
All rebellions and separatist movements in Indonesia, besides being politically motivated, also pose a threat to the sovereignty of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, as they pose a threat to the ideological unity of the Indonesian nation. These movements often seek to promote and establish their own ideologies, which can undermine the unity and stability of the country.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Tumbangnya Pemerintahan Orde Lama ditandai dengan munculnya mandat yang diberikan oleh Presiden Soekarno kepada Letnan Jenderal Soeharto untuk memimpin negara dan pemerintahan, melalui sebuah surat perintah yang dikenal dengan nama ....
- A.
Dekrit Presiden
- B.
Maklumat Pemerintah
- C.
Trisila
- D.
Supersemar
- E.
Nota Peralihan
Correct Answer
D. SupersemarExplanation
The correct answer is "Supersemar". The explanation for this is that the fall of the Old Order government in Indonesia was marked by the emergence of a mandate given by President Soekarno to Lieutenant General Soeharto to lead the country and the government. This mandate was issued through a letter of instruction known as Supersemar.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Pemerintahan Orde Baru yang dipimpin oleh Presiden Soeharto memprioritaskan pembangunan ekonomi dan stabilitas nasional. Demi kelancaran dalam pelaksanaannya, ekses yang digunakan pemerintah pada masa itu adalah pendekatan ....
- A.
Agama
- B.
Hukum
- C.
Sosial Budaya
- D.
Keamanan
- E.
Politik
Correct Answer
D. KeamananExplanation
During the New Order government led by President Soeharto, the main focus was on economic development and national stability. To ensure smooth implementation, the government utilized a security approach. This involved prioritizing the maintenance of law and order, safeguarding national security, and suppressing any potential threats to the regime. The government heavily relied on military and intelligence agencies to enforce stability and control dissent, often through repressive measures. This emphasis on security was seen as necessary to maintain political control and economic progress during that time.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Meskipun diakui bahwa pemerintahan Orde Baru banyak menorehkan catatan gemilang atas keberhasilannya dalam pembangunan di berbagai bidang, namun realisasi pembangunan dalam konsep negara kesatuan sebagaimana yang diharapkan oleh rakyat masih jauh dari harapan, hal ini disebabkan ....
- A.
Pembangunan ekonomi dilandasi oleh tekad dan kepentingan individu
- B.
Kedudukan lembaga eksekutif jauh lebih dominan dari pada lembaga legislatif
- C.
Minimnya aturan perundang-undangan yang membatasi kekuasaan Presiden
- D.
Supremasi hukum tidak ditegakkan sebagaimana mestinya
- E.
Pembangunan tidak merata dan hanya dimaksimalkan di pusat
Correct Answer
E. Pembangunan tidak merata dan hanya dimaksimalkan di pusatExplanation
The correct answer suggests that the reason why the development in the concept of a unitary state did not meet the expectations of the people is because the development was not evenly distributed and was only maximized in the central areas. This implies that the government focused more on developing the central regions, neglecting the development of other regions in the country. As a result, the development was not balanced and did not benefit all parts of the country equally.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Akhir masa pemerintahan Orde Baru ditandai pengunduran diri Bapak Soeharto sebagai Presiden RI pada tanggal ....
- A.
20 Mei 1998
- B.
21 Mei 1998
- C.
22 Mei 1998
- D.
23 Mei 1998
- E.
24 Mei 1998
Correct Answer
B. 21 Mei 1998Explanation
On May 21, 1998, President Soeharto resigned from his position, marking the end of the New Order regime in Indonesia. This event was significant as it brought an end to Soeharto's 32-year authoritarian rule, which had been marked by corruption, economic crisis, and widespread human rights abuses. Soeharto's resignation was a result of intense public protests and pressure from various groups demanding political reform and democratic changes in the country.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Sebuah peristiwa kenegaraan terbesar yang bersifat konstitusional menandai awal era reformasi, peristiwa tersebut adalah ....
- A.
Amandemen UUD Tahun 1945
- B.
Penghapusan DPA
- C.
Pembatasan masa jabatan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden
- D.
Tidak ada lagi penyusunan GBHN
- E.
Pembentukan MK dan KY
Correct Answer
A. Amandemen UUD Tahun 1945Explanation
The correct answer is Amandemen UUD Tahun 1945. This is because the amendment of the 1945 Constitution marked the beginning of the reform era in Indonesia. The amendment was a significant constitutional event that brought about changes in various aspects of the country's governance and political system.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Sebagai pemimpin di awal era Reformasi, Presiden B.J. Habibie banyak dihadapkan pada kondisi-kondisi transisi yang sangat sulit, sehingga membutuhkan keberanian dan ketegasan beliau sebagai pemimpin dalam mengambil keputusan. Salah satu keputusan paling berani yang beliau ambil demi menjaga kepentingan bangsa dan negara yang lebih luas dan penting adalah ....
- A.
Menjamin kebebasan Pers
- B.
Melakukan amandemen UUD 1945
- C.
Melepaskan Timor Timur dari wilayah NKRI
- D.
Menyetujui sistem multipartai
- E.
Menghapus DPA sebagai lembaga tinggi negara
Correct Answer
C. Melepaskan Timor Timur dari wilayah NKRIExplanation
As a leader during the early years of the Reform Era, President B.J. Habibie faced difficult transitional conditions and had to make bold decisions. One of the most courageous decisions he made was to let go of Timor Timur (East Timor) as part of the Indonesian territory. This decision was made in order to safeguard the broader and more important interests of the nation and the state.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Masa jabatan Presiden B.J. Habibie berakhir pada tanggal ....
- A.
20 Oktober 1999
- B.
21 Oktober 1999
- C.
22 Oktober 1999
- D.
23 Oktober 1999
- E.
24 Oktober 1999
Correct Answer
A. 20 Oktober 1999Explanation
The correct answer is 20 Oktober 1999. This is because B.J. Habibie's term as President ended on that date.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Sebelum Presiden Joko Widodo, di era reformasi Presiden yang masa jabatannya paling lama adalah ....
- A.
B.J. Habibie
- B.
KH. Abdurrahman Wahid
- C.
Megawati Soekarno Putri
- D.
Hamzah Haz
- E.
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
Correct Answer
E. Susilo Bambang YudhoyonoExplanation
Before President Joko Widodo, the president with the longest term during the reform era was Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.Rate this question:
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