1.
Spinal center for urination is in the caudus equinus - S1-S2
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
conus medularis S2-S4
2.
Male sexual response with an upper motor neuron lesion causes a psychogenic response
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
causes a reflexogenic response
3.
What is not true about women and sexual dysfunction following a spinal cord injury?
Correct Answer
A. Menstruation is not interrupted
Explanation
Women with spinal cord injuries may experience sexual dysfunction, including difficulties with arousal, orgasm, and lubrication. However, menstruation is not directly affected by spinal cord injuries. This means that women with spinal cord injuries can still have regular menstrual cycles. The other options mentioned, complications with pregnancy and the ability to become pregnant, are true and can be affected by spinal cord injuries.
4.
What is not true about thermoregulation
Correct Answer
C. Lesions above T6 - vasodilation
Explanation
vasoconstriction
5.
Autonomic dysreflexia happens with lesions below T6
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
above
6.
With autonomic dysreflexia a noxious stimuli below level of lesion triggers a massive sympathetic response.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Autonomic dysreflexia is a condition that occurs in individuals with spinal cord injuries. It is characterized by a hyperactive sympathetic response to a noxious stimulus below the level of the spinal cord lesion. This means that any painful or irritating stimulus below the level of injury can cause a sudden and severe increase in blood pressure, sweating, and other autonomic symptoms. Therefore, the statement that a noxious stimuli below the level of the lesion triggers a massive sympathetic response is true.
7.
What is not true of what happens with a patient in autonomic dysreflexia
Correct Answer
C. Can have dangerously low BP
Explanation
High BP
8.
Name 4 possible causes of autonomic dysreflexia
Correct Answer(s)
A. Noxious stimuli
B. Full bladder
C. Full bladder
D. Kinked catheter
E. Rapidly changing temperature in the environment
Explanation
Autonomic dysreflexia is a condition characterized by an abnormal response of the autonomic nervous system to certain stimuli. Noxious stimuli, such as pain or irritation, can trigger autonomic dysreflexia. A full bladder can also cause this condition, as the increased pressure can stimulate the autonomic nervous system. Similarly, a kinked catheter can lead to autonomic dysreflexia by causing bladder distention. Lastly, rapidly changing temperature in the environment can be a cause, as it can stimulate the autonomic nervous system and trigger the condition.
9.
Local pain
Correct Answer
A. At site of injury
Explanation
The correct answer is "at site of injury". This refers to the pain experienced directly at the location of the injury. It is a localized pain that occurs specifically where the injury has occurred. This type of pain is typically a result of tissue damage or inflammation at the site of the injury, causing discomfort and soreness in that specific area.
10.
Radicular pain
Correct Answer
C. Nerve root pain
Explanation
The term "radicular pain" refers to pain that radiates along the nerve root, typically caused by compression or irritation of the nerve. "Phantom pain" refers to pain felt in a body part that has been amputated. "Deep bone pain" refers to pain originating from within the bone. Therefore, the most appropriate and related term to the given options is "nerve root pain," which specifically describes pain originating from the nerve root.
11.
Dysesthesias
Correct Answer
C. pHantom pain
Explanation
Dysesthesias refers to abnormal sensations that can be experienced by individuals, such as tingling, burning, or numbness. It is a condition that can occur due to various reasons, including nerve damage or dysfunction. The other options provided, "no pain" and "nerve root pain," do not accurately describe dysesthesias. However, "phantom pain" is a term used to describe pain felt in a body part that has been amputated or is no longer present. This aligns with the concept of abnormal sensations and can be considered as a possible explanation for the given term "dysesthesias."
12.
What is not a secondary complication of spinal cord injuries
Correct Answer
D. Postural hypertension
Explanation
hypotension