Taxonomy Warm Up 1

Aristotle did not classify organisms into animals and fungus. Instead, he classified organisms into animals and plants. This classification system was based on their different characteristics and behaviors. Animals were classified as organisms that can move, have sensation, and possess the ability to reproduce sexually. On the other hand, plants were classified as organisms that are immobile, lack sensation, and reproduce through seeds or spores. Fungus, as a separate group, was not included in Aristotle's classification system.

The taxon that contains the least number of organisms in the list is the species. In the hierarchy of biological classification, the species is the most specific and narrowest category. It refers to a group of organisms that share similar characteristics and can interbreed to produce fertile offspring. Compared to higher taxonomic ranks such as domain, kingdom, class, and genus, the species category contains the smallest number of individual organisms, as it represents a distinct and unique group within a genus.

The first step in building a cladogram is to choose a set of organisms. This is because a cladogram is a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships between different species or groups of organisms. In order to construct a cladogram, you need to select a group of organisms that you want to study and compare their characteristics. By choosing a set of organisms, you can then proceed to the next steps of setting up a data table of characteristics, making careful observations, and constructing a database with select traits to build the cladogram.

Carolus Linnaeus devised a system of grouping organisms into hierarchical categories according to their form and structure. Linnaeus is known as the father of modern taxonomy and his system, called binomial nomenclature, is still used today. He classified organisms based on their similarities and organized them into a hierarchy of categories, including kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. This system provided a standardized way to name and categorize organisms, making it easier for scientists to study and communicate about them.

Hennig is the correct answer because he is the biologist who developed cladistics in 1966. Cladistics is a method of classification based on the evolutionary relationships between organisms. Hennig's work revolutionized the field of taxonomy by emphasizing the importance of shared characteristics and common ancestry in determining relationships among organisms. His approach has since become a fundamental tool in modern evolutionary biology and has greatly contributed to our understanding of the tree of life.

The third step in the video "How to Build a cladogram" is to set up a data table of characteristics. This step involves organizing and listing the specific characteristics or traits of the chosen set of organisms. By creating a data table, it becomes easier to compare and analyze the similarities and differences among the organisms, which is crucial for constructing a cladogram. This step is important as it provides a systematic approach to collecting and organizing the necessary information for building the cladogram accurately.

Whittaker is the correct answer because he is the biologist who invented the five-kingdom approach to classification. This approach categorizes living organisms into five kingdoms: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Whittaker's classification system was a significant advancement in the field of biology as it provided a more comprehensive and organized way to classify and understand the diversity of life on Earth.

The second step in building a cladogram is to make very careful observations. This involves closely examining the organisms and noting down their characteristics. By carefully observing the organisms, one can gather the necessary data to construct a cladogram. This step is crucial in accurately determining the similarities and differences between the organisms, which will later be used to construct the cladogram.

Based on the information given, the correct answer is 4. This suggests that out of the total number of tree leaves used in the dichotomous key, 4 of them were oaks.

Variety contains the least number of organisms in the list because it is the broadest taxonomic category. It encompasses a wide range of organisms with different characteristics and does not specify a specific group or classification. On the other hand, Order, Domain, Species, and Phylum are more specific taxonomic categories that classify organisms based on their similarities and differences. Therefore, Variety has the least number of organisms as it is a more general and inclusive category.