Timeline-history Of Cell Biology
Welcome to the Electronic advanced human anatomy and physiology Frontier Classroom of the 21st Century. The following instrument will test your knowledge of basic cell biology which began with the discovery of the cell by Robert Hooke in 1665. Since then, scientists have constantly made improvements to microscopes.
When a "fill-in" question(s) appear in this test, please enter your answer(s) using all lower case letters. You have unlimited number of attempts in learning or testing your skills. The test will have 25 questions randomized for every attempt.
Please read the Read morepost test instructions for this test. Good Luck on your test scores!
Questions and Answers
- 1.
In what year did Karl von Baer discover mammalian eggs?
- A.
2010
- B.
2004
- C.
1857
- D.
1827
- E.
1803
Correct Answer
D. 1827Explanation
In 1827, Karl von Baer discovered mammalian eggs. This discovery was significant because it challenged the prevailing belief at the time that mammals developed from preformed embryos. Baer's discovery provided evidence for the theory of epigenesis, which states that organisms develop gradually from undifferentiated cells. His findings laid the foundation for the field of embryology and greatly advanced our understanding of mammalian development.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which scientist was the first to observe living cells using a simple microscope?
- A.
Karl von Baer
- B.
Robert Hooke
- C.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
- D.
George Watson
- E.
Matthias Scheiden
Correct Answer
C. Anton van LeeuwenhoekExplanation
Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the first scientist to observe living cells using a simple microscope. He was a Dutch scientist and is often referred to as the "Father of Microbiology." Leeuwenhoek made his own microscopes and used them to observe various samples, including bacteria, sperm cells, and red blood cells. His observations greatly advanced our understanding of the microscopic world and laid the foundation for the field of microbiology.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Rudolf Virchow noted that all cells comes from other cells.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Rudolf Virchow, a German physician, observed that all cells arise from pre-existing cells. This concept is known as the cell theory, which states that cells are the fundamental units of life and that all living organisms are composed of cells. Virchow's observation was a significant contribution to our understanding of cell biology and has been supported by numerous experiments and observations since then. Therefore, the statement "Rudolf Virchow noted that all cells come from other cells" is true.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which scientist listed below observed cork cells through a basic microscope?
- A.
Karl von Baer
- B.
Robert Hooke
- C.
Rudolf Virchow
- D.
Theordor Schwann
- E.
Albert Einstein
Correct Answer
B. Robert HookeExplanation
Robert Hooke is the correct answer because he was the scientist who observed cork cells through a basic microscope. In 1665, Hooke used a microscope to examine a thin slice of cork and observed small, box-like structures which he named "cells". This discovery was significant in the development of cell theory and our understanding of the microscopic world.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Researchers in Scotland cloned a deer from adult sheep cell in 1996
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement is false. Researchers in Scotland did not clone a deer from an adult sheep cell in 1996. Cloning a deer from an adult sheep cell would involve transferring the genetic material from a sheep cell into a deer egg, which is not a scientifically documented achievement.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What year did Rudolf Virchow add his statement to the cell theory?
- A.
1650
- B.
1665
- C.
1827
- D.
1855
- E.
1897
Correct Answer
D. 1855Explanation
Rudolf Virchow added his statement to the cell theory in 1855. This is significant because Virchow's statement, "Omnis cellula e cellula" (every cell originates from another cell), expanded on the previous understanding of the cell theory proposed by Schleiden and Schwann. Virchow's statement emphasized the importance of cell division in the growth and development of organisms, and it laid the foundation for modern cell biology.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Leeuwenhoek found growing in pond water a species called Vorticella and he called them animalcules. What do we in the present day call them? (Please check only one (1) correct answer)
- A.
Algae
- B.
Bacteria
- C.
Protists
- D.
Zoonites
- E.
Fungi
Correct Answer
C. ProtistsExplanation
Leeuwenhoek discovered a species called Vorticella in pond water and referred to them as animalcules. In present times, we refer to them as protists.Rate this question:
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- 8.
In the year of 1665, Robert Hooke observes cork cells.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
In 1665, Robert Hooke observed cork cells. This is a historical fact and is true.Rate this question:
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- 9.
In 1897, __ __ discovers Golgi Apparatus in cells.
- A.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
- B.
Robert Hooke
- C.
Theodor Schwann
- D.
Camillo Golgi
Correct Answer
D. Camillo GolgiExplanation
Camillo Golgi is credited with discovering the Golgi Apparatus in cells in 1897. This organelle is involved in the processing, packaging, and distribution of proteins within the cell. Golgi's discovery of this structure was a significant contribution to our understanding of cell biology and the secretory pathway.Rate this question:
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- 10.
How many essential parts does the CELL THEORY have? (please enter a number from 0 through 9)
Correct Answer
3Explanation
The CELL THEORY has three essential parts. The first part states that all living organisms are composed of cells. The second part states that cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms. The third part states that cells arise from pre-existing cells. These three parts are the fundamental principles of the CELL THEORY.Rate this question:
- 11.
In 1665, an English scientist by the name of Robert Hooke was examining cork from what source?
- A.
Human Epidermis
- B.
White Pine
- C.
Red Oak
- D.
Cork Tree
- E.
Euglena
Correct Answer
D. Cork TreeExplanation
Robert Hooke was examining cork from a cork tree.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Karl von Baer concluded that all plants were composed of cells.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Karl von Baer did not conclude that all plants were composed of cells. He was actually a zoologist and embryologist who made significant contributions to the understanding of animal development, specifically in the field of embryology. His observations and studies focused on animal embryos, not plants. Therefore, the statement is false.Rate this question:
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- 13.
All living organisms are composed of one or more ____?
Correct Answer
cellsExplanation
All living organisms are composed of cells. Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life. They are responsible for carrying out all the necessary processes for an organism to survive and function. Cells can vary in size, shape, and function, but they are the fundamental building blocks of life. Without cells, living organisms would not exist.Rate this question:
- 14.
Cells come only from the digestion system of existing cells.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Cells do not come only from the digestion system of existing cells. Cells can also be produced through cell division, where a parent cell divides into two daughter cells. This process is known as cell reproduction and is a fundamental process in the growth and development of living organisms. Therefore, the statement is false.Rate this question:
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- 15.
In 1673, Anton van Leeuwenhoek observe a type of alga of the genus____? Please use the image to answer this question.
- A.
Amoeba
- B.
Bacteria
- C.
Cornus florida
- D.
Spirogyra
- E.
Vorticella
Correct Answer
D. Spirogyra -
- 16.
All cells share characteristics that indicates that cells are related to other living things.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
All cells share characteristics that indicate they are related to other living things. This suggests that cells are the basic units of life and are present in all living organisms. These shared characteristics include having a cell membrane, containing genetic material, and being able to carry out metabolic activities. This commonality among cells supports the idea that all living things are interconnected and share a common ancestry.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Organisms made up of one or more cells that have nucleus and membrane-bound organelles are called____?
- A.
Anaerobic
- B.
Eukaryotes
- C.
Mesokaryotes
- D.
Semikaryotes
- E.
Prokaryotes
Correct Answer
B. EukaryotesExplanation
Eukaryotes are organisms made up of one or more cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. This means that their genetic material is contained within a nucleus, which is separated from the rest of the cell by a nuclear membrane. Eukaryotes also have various organelles, such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, which are enclosed within their own membranes. This distinguishes them from prokaryotes, which lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Therefore, the correct answer is Eukaryotes.Rate this question:
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- 18.
In the year 2004, tissue engineering used to grow new skin and blood vessels for transplant.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
In the year 2004, tissue engineering was not advanced enough to grow new skin and blood vessels for transplant. It was still in the early stages of development and had not yet reached the point where it could be used for such purposes. Therefore, the statement is false.Rate this question:
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- 19.
In _____, Karl Von Baer discovered the electron microscope.
- A.
1665
- B.
1756
- C.
1907
- D.
Did not discover such a device.
Correct Answer
D. Did not discover such a device.Explanation
Karl Von Baer did not discover the electron microscope.Rate this question:
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- 20.
In 2006 researchers in the United States clone a sheep from an adult sheep cell.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Cloning of a sheep from an adult sheep cell did not occur in the United States in 2006.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Who invented the world's first compound microscope in 1610?
- A.
Hooke, Robert
- B.
Jenssen, Zacharias & Hans
- C.
Redi, Francesco
- D.
Mendel, Gregor
- E.
Leeuwenhoek, Anton Van
Correct Answer
B. Jenssen, Zacharias & Hans -
- 22.
_____, a naturalist and cleryman in Scotland supported spontaneous generation of life. (Please enter last, first name)
Correct Answer
Needham, JohnExplanation
John Needham, a naturalist and clergyman in Scotland, supported spontaneous generation of life.Rate this question:
- 23.
Which scientist tried several variations on John Needham's soup experiment. Thus resulting in no microorganisms grew in a sealed vessel.
- A.
Spallanzani, Lazzaro
- B.
Wolff, C. F.
- C.
Brown, Robert
- D.
Schleiden, Matthias
- E.
Schwann, Theodor
Correct Answer
A. Spallanzani, LazzaroExplanation
Spallanzani, Lazzaro tried several variations on John Needham's soup experiment. He conducted experiments where he boiled the broth for a longer period of time and sealed the containers by melting the glass necks. This prevented any microorganisms from entering the broth. As a result, no microorganisms grew in the sealed vessels, which supported the idea of spontaneous generation being incorrect.Rate this question:
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- 24.
The cell theory states that all living things are made up of cells. _____ _____ pubishes his cell theory applying it to plants. (Please enter first and last name for this scientist.)
Correct Answer
Matthias SchleidenExplanation
Matthias Schleiden is the correct answer because he is the scientist who published his cell theory applying it to plants. The cell theory, which states that all living things are made up of cells, was further developed and expanded by Schleiden to include plant cells.Rate this question:
- 25.
The cell theory states that all living things are made up of cells. _____ pubishes his cell theory applying it to animals. (Please enter first and last name.)
Correct Answer
Theodor SchwannExplanation
The correct answer is Theodor Schwann. The cell theory, which states that all living things are made up of cells, was published by Theodor Schwann.Rate this question:
- 26.
In the year _____, Louis Pasteur repeated the soup experiment, determining the soup spoiled when exposed to air only if the air was not filtered.
- A.
1869
- B.
1756
- C.
1864
- D.
1936
- E.
1585
Correct Answer
C. 1864Explanation
In 1864, Louis Pasteur repeated the soup experiment and discovered that the soup only spoiled when exposed to air that was not filtered. This experiment provided evidence for the theory of spontaneous generation and supported Pasteur's germ theory of disease. By demonstrating the importance of filtering the air to prevent spoilage, Pasteur's experiment had significant implications for the field of microbiology and contributed to the development of sterilization techniques.Rate this question:
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- 27.
In the year _____ Robert Brown discovers the nucleus of the cell. He stresses its importance in fertilization.
Correct Answer
1831Explanation
In 1831, Robert Brown discovered the nucleus of the cell and emphasized its significance in fertilization. This discovery was a crucial milestone in the field of biology as it provided insights into the structure and function of cells. The nucleus is known to contain the genetic material of the cell, which plays a vital role in reproduction and heredity. Brown's discovery paved the way for further research and understanding of cellular biology.Rate this question:
- 28.
In the year _____ Robert Hooke looks through a microscope at a sliver of cork. He notices what he calls cells or pores.
Correct Answer
1665Explanation
In 1665, Robert Hooke looked through a microscope at a sliver of cork and observed what he called cells or pores. This discovery was significant because it marked the first time that cells were observed and described, leading to the development of the cell theory and our understanding of the basic unit of life.Rate this question:
- 29.
In what year did Anton Van Leeuwenhoek used to simple microscopes to view many living things from blood to pond water?
- A.
1665
- B.
1668
- C.
1674
- D.
1600
Correct Answer
C. 1674Explanation
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek used simple microscopes to view various living things from blood to pond water in the year 1674.Rate this question:
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- 30.
In the year 1882 _____, a German biologists, uses dyes to stain cells. Upon his examination of these cells, he finds rods that he calles "chromosomes".
- A.
Fleming, Walther
- B.
Pasteur, Louis
- C.
Weismann, August
- D.
Galton, Sir Francis
- E.
Brown, Robert
Correct Answer
A. Fleming, Walther -
- 31.
Which scientist listed below was known for his experimental approach and numerous dissections in 384 B.C.?
- A.
Aristotle
- B.
Andreas Vesalius
- C.
Robert Hooke
- D.
Francesco Redi
- E.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Correct Answer
A. AristotleExplanation
Aristotle is the correct answer because he was known for his experimental approach and numerous dissections. He was a Greek philosopher and scientist who made significant contributions to various fields including biology and anatomy. Aristotle believed in studying nature through observation and experimentation, and he conducted many dissections to understand the structure and function of different organisms. His approach to science laid the foundation for the scientific method and influenced future scientists in their approach to studying the natural world.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Perhaps the greatest contribution made to science by the _____ lay in the field of biology. The priests who prepared corpses for burial learned a great deal about human anatomy.(HINT: Please use correct grammar for this one-word answer.)
Correct Answer
EgyptiansExplanation
The correct answer is Egyptians. The explanation is that the priests in ancient Egypt, who were often responsible for embalming and preparing corpses for burial, gained extensive knowledge about human anatomy through their practices. This knowledge proved to be a significant contribution to the field of biology, as it provided valuable insights into the workings of the human body.Rate this question:
- 33.
In 1665, _____ _____ published Micrographia, a book describing his microscopic and telescopic observations, and some original work in biology.
- A.
Robert Hooke
- B.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
- C.
Hans Janssen
- D.
Lazzaro Spallanzani
- E.
Theodor Schwann
Correct Answer
A. Robert HookeExplanation
Robert Hooke published Micrographia, a book describing his microscopic and telescopic observations, and some original work in biology.Rate this question:
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- 34.
In the year _____, Matthias Schleiden preferred to study plant structures under the microscope. While a professor of botany at the University of Jena, he stated that different parts of plants are composed of cells.
Correct Answer
1838Explanation
Matthias Schleiden preferred to study plant structures under the microscope in the year 1838. As a professor of botany at the University of Jena, he made the groundbreaking statement that different parts of plants are composed of cells. This discovery was significant in the field of biology, as it laid the foundation for the cell theory, which states that all living organisms are composed of cells.Rate this question:
- 35.
In the year _____, Camillo Golgi discovers the Golgi apparatus in cells.
Correct Answer
1897Explanation
In 1897, Camillo Golgi made the discovery of the Golgi apparatus in cells. This organelle, named after him, is involved in the processing, packaging, and distribution of proteins within the cell. Golgi's research and identification of this structure greatly contributed to our understanding of cell biology and cellular processes.Rate this question:
- 36.
In 1830, _____ _____, was the first to recognize the nucleus (a term that he introduced) as an essential constituent of living cells.
- A.
Robert Brown
- B.
Lazzaro Spallanzani
- C.
Matthias Schleiden
- D.
Louis Pasteur
Correct Answer
A. Robert BrownExplanation
Robert Brown is the correct answer because he was the first to recognize the nucleus as an essential constituent of living cells. He introduced the term "nucleus" and made this important discovery in 1830. Lazzaro Spallanzani, Matthias Schleiden, and Louis Pasteur were also notable scientists, but they did not make this specific discovery.Rate this question:
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- 37.
In the year _____, Karl Von Baer discovers the mammalian egg.
Correct Answer
1827Explanation
In 1827, Karl Von Baer made the discovery of the mammalian egg. This significant finding revolutionized the understanding of reproduction in mammals. Prior to this, it was not known how mammals reproduced and the discovery of the mammalian egg provided crucial insights into the process. Von Baer's discovery laid the foundation for further research and understanding of mammalian reproduction, and his work continues to be influential in the field of biology.Rate this question:
- 38.
Which scientist research suggested that all cells come from preexisting cells. This paved the scientific path for Louis Pasteur's work?
- A.
Lazzaro Spallanzani
- B.
Robert Brown
- C.
Lorenz Oken
- D.
Rudolph Virchow
- E.
Matthias Schleiden
Correct Answer
A. Lazzaro SpallanzaniExplanation
Lazzaro Spallanzani's research suggested that all cells come from preexisting cells. This idea paved the scientific path for Louis Pasteur's work.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Which statement is not found in "The Cell Theory"?
- A.
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
- B.
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism.
- C.
Cell come only from the reproduction of existing cells.
- D.
All cells do not come from preexisting cells.
Correct Answer
D. All cells do not come from preexisting cells.Explanation
The statement "All cells do not come from preexisting cells" is not found in "The Cell Theory." The Cell Theory states that all cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells, which implies that cells do come from preexisting cells. This principle is known as the principle of biogenesis, which was established by Louis Pasteur's experiments in the mid-19th century. The concept of cells arising spontaneously or from non-living matter (spontaneous generation) was disproven by these experiments, leading to the acceptance of the principle of biogenesis in the Cell Theory.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek observed Spirogyra and Vorticella, in which he animalcules. What do modern biologists call them?(HINT: Please enter your answer in all lower case letters.)
Correct Answer
protistsExplanation
Anton van Leeuwenhoek observed Spirogyra and Vorticella, which are both types of microscopic organisms. These organisms, also known as animalcules, are now classified as protists by modern biologists. Protists are a diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms that do not fit into any other kingdom of life. They can be single-celled or multicellular and exhibit a wide range of characteristics and behaviors.Rate this question:
.jpg "In 2006 researchers in the United States clone a sheep from an adult sheep cell.")
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