UPCAT Simulated Exam Quiz
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Our UPCAT Simulated Exam Quiz offers a rigorous and comprehensive preparation tool for students aiming to excel in the University of the Philippines College Admission Test (UPCAT). Designed to replicate the actual exam conditions, this simulated quiz provides a realistic taste of what to expect on the big day.
Each section of the quiz has been carefully curated to challenge your understanding and hone your test-taking skills. The questions are not only based on the official UPCAT syllabus but also include analytical problems that require critical thinking, mirroring the complexity of the real exam.
By participating in this simulated Read morequiz, you will be able to identify your strengths and areas for improvement, gain confidence in your test-taking abilities, and develop effective strategies for managing time under pressure. Embrace the opportunity to elevate your preparation and step confidently towards achieving your academic goals with our UPCAT Simulated Quiz.
UPCAT Practice Test Questions and Answers
- 1.
The layer of gas covering the earth is called:
- A.
Atmosphere
- B.
Hydrosphere
- C.
Lithosphere
- D.
Troposphere
Correct Answer
A. AtmospHereExplanation
The atmosphere is the name for the layer of gases that surrounds the Earth. It is made up of several gases, including oxygen and nitrogen, which are essential for life on our planet. This layer protects us from the harmful rays of the sun and helps keep the Earth's temperature stable. Unlike the hydrosphere, which includes all water on Earth, and the lithosphere, which is the Earth's solid outer layer, the atmosphere is all about the gases that make up the air we breathe. The troposphere is just one part of the atmosphere where weather happens.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The speed of light has been calculated to be 186,000.
- A.
Feet per second
- B.
Kilometers per second
- C.
Miles per second
- D.
Meters per second
Correct Answer
C. Miles per secondExplanation
The speed of light is incredibly fast, measured at about 186,000 miles per second. This speed is a fundamental constant in physics, known as "c," and it means that light can travel from the Earth to the Moon in just over a second! Light's speed is the same in a vacuum and doesn't change, making it a crucial part of many scientific theories and calculations, such as Einstein's theory of relativity. This speed isn't just for light but also applies to all electromagnetic radiation, including radio waves, microwaves, and X-rays.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A distance of one mile is about:
- A.
1 kilometer
- B.
16 kilometers
- C.
160 kilometers
- D.
1.6 kilometers
Correct Answer
D. 1.6 kilometersExplanation
One mile is approximately 1.6 kilometers. This conversion is useful for understanding distances when traveling between places that use different measurement systems. In countries that use the metric system, kilometers are the standard unit of distance, while miles are commonly used in the United States and a few other countries. Knowing that one mile is about 1.6 kilometers helps with quick conversions and better understanding of distances, whether you're running a race, driving, or planning a trip in different parts of the world.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The largest object in the solar system is:
- A.
A star
- B.
A planet
- C.
An asteroid
- D.
A meteor
Correct Answer
A. A starExplanation
The largest object in our solar system is the Sun, which is a star. It makes up about 99.86% of the solar system's total mass. The Sun is so massive that its gravity holds all the planets, asteroids, comets, and other objects in orbit around it. Stars like the Sun are huge balls of gases, primarily hydrogen and helium, undergoing nuclear fusion to produce light and heat. This energy is essential for life on Earth and influences the climate and conditions on all other planets in our solar system.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of the following is most responsible for erosion?
- A.
Radioactivity
- B.
The outer core
- C.
Rivers
- D.
Asteroids
Correct Answer
C. RiversExplanation
Rivers are the most responsible for erosion among the options listed. Erosion is the process where natural forces wear away rocks and soil. Rivers, with their flowing water, play a huge role in this process. They carry rocks, soil, and sediments from one place to another, reshaping landscapes over time. This movement can create valleys, canyons, and deltas, which are fertile land areas at the mouths of rivers. While radioactivity, the outer core, and asteroids also affect the Earth in various ways, rivers are key agents of erosion on the planet's surface.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following is most responsible for earthquakes?
- A.
The magnetic field
- B.
An imbalance in the crust
- C.
The speed of light
- D.
The atmosphere
Correct Answer
B. An imbalance in the crustExplanation
Earthquakes are primarily caused by an imbalance in the Earth's crust. This imbalance occurs when there's a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere, which creates seismic waves. These seismic events often happen due to the movement of tectonic plates, which make up the Earth's crust. These plates can collide, pull apart, or slide against each other, leading to stress. When the stress exceeds the strength of rocks, it results in an earthquake. This process doesn't relate to the Earth's magnetic field, the speed of light, or the atmosphere, which affect other aspects of our planet.Rate this question:
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- 7.
When a scientist uses the process of reasoning, it means that he
- A.
Makes a lucky guess
- B.
Does not need to make observations
- C.
Makes inferences on the basis of observations
- D.
Does not need to make a hypothesis
Correct Answer
C. Makes inferences on the basis of observationsExplanation
When a scientist uses the process of reasoning, it means that he makes inferences on the basis of observations. This means that the scientist uses logical thinking and analysis to draw conclusions from the data and evidence gathered through observations. Reasoning allows scientists to make connections, identify patterns, and make educated guesses or predictions based on the information they have collected. It is an essential step in the scientific method and helps scientists to understand and explain the natural world.Rate this question:
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- 8.
An instrument that is used to map the ocean floor is called?
- A.
A hydrograph
- B.
A SONAR
- C.
A hydroscope
- D.
Hydrometer
Correct Answer
B. A SONARExplanation
A SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging) is the instrument used to map the ocean floor. It works by emitting sound waves underwater and measuring how long it takes for the echoes to return after bouncing off the seabed or other underwater features. This data helps create detailed maps of the ocean floor, revealing its various landscapes—like mountains, valleys, and trenches. SONAR technology is crucial for navigation, underwater exploration, and scientific research, helping to understand marine environments better. The other instruments listed serve different purposes related to water but are not specifically used for mapping the ocean floor.Rate this question:
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- 9.
When scientists refer to the hydrosphere, they mean:
- A.
Air above the earth
- B.
Moisture of the air
- C.
Mantle on the earth
- D.
Water of the earth
Correct Answer
D. Water of the earthExplanation
The hydrosphere refers to all the water on Earth, including oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater, and even water vapor in the atmosphere. It is an essential component of Earth's system and plays a crucial role in various processes such as weather, climate, and the water cycle. Therefore, when scientists refer to the hydrosphere, they are specifically referring to the water present on Earth.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Chemical elements that are usually present in only very small amounts are called?
- A.
Radio elements
- B.
Trace elements
- C.
Scarce elements
- D.
Radioactive elements
Correct Answer
B. Trace elementsExplanation
Chemical elements that are typically found in very small amounts are known as "trace elements." These elements, despite their minimal presence, are crucial for various biological and chemical processes. For example, in living organisms, trace elements like iron, zinc, and copper are vital for health but are needed only in tiny quantities. Similarly, in environmental science, trace elements can refer to minor but important components of soils and rocks. Understanding trace elements helps in studying nutrient deficiencies and pollution levels.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The Milky Way is a
- A.
Nebula
- B.
Star cluster
- C.
Galaxy
- D.
Constellation
Correct Answer
C. GalaxyExplanation
The Milky Way is classified as a galaxy. A galaxy is a massive, gravitationally bound system that contains stars, stellar remnants, gas, dust, and dark matter. The Milky Way specifically is a barred spiral galaxy, which means it has a central bar-shaped structure made of stars and spiral arms that emanate from this bar. It's our home galaxy, containing our Solar System and billions of other stars, with their own planets. Galaxies like the Milky Way are fundamental components of the universe, helping astronomers understand the large-scale structure of the cosmos.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The brightest star in the sky other than our sun is:
- A.
Polaris
- B.
Betelgeuse
- C.
Sirius
- D.
Orion
Correct Answer
C. SiriusExplanation
Sirius, also known as the Dog Star, is the brightest star in the night sky when viewed from Earth, other than our Sun. It's located in the constellation Canis Major and is a part of what astronomers call a binary star system, which includes a main sequence star, Sirius A, and a fainter white dwarf, Sirius B. The brightness of Sirius is due to its luminosity and its relatively close proximity to Earth. It's a very important star for astronomical studies and has been significant in various cultures' folklore and mythology.Rate this question:
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- 13.
A scale of temperature that uses absolute zero, the lowest possible temperature for its zero points is called
- A.
Fahrenheit scale
- B.
Kelvin scale
- C.
Celsius scale
- D.
Cepheid scale
Correct Answer
B. Kelvin scaleExplanation
The Kelvin scale is a temperature scale that uses absolute zero as its zero point. Absolute zero, defined as 0 Kelvin, represents the lowest possible temperature, where the motion of atoms theoretically stops. The Kelvin scale is crucial in the fields of science and engineering because it provides a precise measure of thermal energy. Temperatures on this scale are written as "Kelvin" or "K" (not degrees Kelvin). This scale is particularly useful in scientific experiments where temperature differences and absolute temperatures need to be accurately measured and compared.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The force of attraction between the earth and the moon is called
- A.
Gravity
- B.
Inertia
- C.
Relativity
- D.
Equivalence
Correct Answer
A. GravityExplanation
Gravity is the force of attraction between two objects with mass. In this case, it refers to the force of attraction between the Earth and the Moon. This force is responsible for keeping the Moon in orbit around the Earth and is also responsible for tides on Earth. Inertia refers to an object's resistance to change in motion, relativity is a theory of physics, and equivalence is a concept in mathematics. None of these options accurately describe the force of attraction between the Earth and the Moon.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The moon’s gravity is _____________ that of the earth’s.
- A.
1/2
- B.
1/3
- C.
1/5
- D.
1/6
Correct Answer
D. 1/6Explanation
The moon's gravity is about one-sixth (1/6) that of Earth's. This means that if you weigh 120 pounds on Earth, you would weigh only about 20 pounds on the moon. The moon's weaker gravity is due to its smaller mass compared to Earth. This significant difference in gravitational strength affects everything from the moon's ability to retain an atmosphere to the height and duration of leaps or jumps one could make if standing on the lunar surface. Understanding this helps in planning missions and activities for astronauts visiting the moon.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which of the following did Sir Isaac Newton discover?
- A.
Laws of elliptical orbit
- B.
Penicillin
- C.
Law of gravitation
- D.
Solar prominence
Correct Answer
C. Law of gravitationExplanation
Sir Isaac Newton discovered the law of gravitation. This law states that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Newton's discovery of this law revolutionized our understanding of the physical world and laid the foundation for modern physics.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Why is it warmer in regions near the equator?
- A.
Regions near the equator have thicker atmosphere.
- B.
Regions near the equator get vertical rays from the sun.
- C.
Light is changed to heat faster near the equator.x
- D.
There is more pollution in that area.
Correct Answer
B. Regions near the equator get vertical rays from the sun.Explanation
Regions near the equator are warmer primarily because they receive sunlight more directly compared to other parts of the world. The sun's rays hit the equator at a near-vertical angle, meaning they are less spread out and more concentrated in energy. This direct exposure results in higher temperatures. The closer proximity to the sun in terms of angle, not distance, is the key factor. This geographical characteristic leads to warmer climates, dense rainforests, and diverse ecosystems around the equatorial belt.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What is the important animal hormone responsible for the control of glucose levels in the blood?
- A.
Thyroxine
- B.
Cortisol
- C.
Prostaglandin
- D.
Insulin
Correct Answer
D. InsulinExplanation
Insulin is the important animal hormone responsible for the control of glucose levels in the blood. It is produced by the pancreas and helps regulate the amount of glucose in the bloodstream. Insulin allows cells to absorb glucose and use it for energy, thus lowering blood sugar levels. Without sufficient insulin, glucose levels can become too high, leading to conditions like diabetes. Thyroxine, cortisol, and prostaglandin are not directly involved in the control of glucose levels in the blood.Rate this question:
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- 19.
A 1,000-kilogram car traveling with a velocity of +20. meters per second decelerates uniformly at -5.0 meters per second2 until it comes to rest. What is the total distance the car travels as it decelerates to rest?
- A.
10 m
- B.
20 m
- C.
40 m
- D.
80 m
Correct Answer
C. 40 mExplanation
To find the total distance the car travels as it decelerates to rest, we use the kinematic equation that relates initial velocity, acceleration, and distance traveled: v_f^2 = v_i^2 + 2a * d
Where:
v_f is the final velocity (0 m/s, since the car comes to rest),
v_i is the initial velocity (20 m/s),
a is the acceleration (-5.0 m/s^2, because it is deceleration),
d is the distance.
Setting up the equation with these values:
0 = 20^2 + 2 * (-5) * d
0 = 400 - 10d
Solving for d:
10d = 400
d = 40 meters.
Therefore, the car travels a total distance of 40 meters as it decelerates to rest.Rate this question:
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- 20.
What yellowish-orange compound belonging to the vitamin B complex is used to treat pernicious anemia? It is synthesized in the intestinal bacteria and occurs in green plants, fresh fruit, liver, and yeast. Its formula is C19H19N7O6.
- A.
Riboflavin
- B.
Cobalamin
- C.
Inositol
- D.
Folic acid
Correct Answer
D. Folic acidExplanation
The yellowish-orange compound belonging to the vitamin B complex that is used to treat pernicious anemia and has the formula C19H19N7O6 is folic acid. Folic acid, also known as folate when found in foods, is crucial for the production and maintenance of new cells, especially during periods of rapid growth such as pregnancy and infancy. It is synthesized by intestinal bacteria and is also found naturally in green plants, fresh fruit, liver, and yeast. Folic acid plays a key role in preventing birth defects and is essential for overall health.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The reaction 2H2O(l) --> 2H2O(g) + O2(g) is forced to occur by use of an externally applied electric current. This procedure is called
- A.
Neutralization
- B.
Esterification
- C.
Electrolysis
- D.
Hydrolysis
Correct Answer
C. ElectrolysisExplanation
The reaction described, 2H2O(l) --> 2H2O(g) + O2(g), involves splitting water into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas using an externally applied electric current. This process is known as electrolysis. Electrolysis is a method used to drive a chemical reaction that would not otherwise occur on its own by applying electrical energy. In the context of water, electrolysis breaks the bonds between hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water molecules, resulting in the formation of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. This technique is important in various industrial processes and for producing gases for fuel and other uses.Rate this question:
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- 22.
A student calculated the percent by mass of water in a sample of BaCl2 * H2O to be 16.4% but the accepted value is 14.8%. What was the student’s percent error?
- A.
(14.8/16.4)*100%
- B.
(16.4/14.8)*100%
- C.
(1.6/14.8)*100%
- D.
(14.8/1.6)*100%
Correct Answer
C. (1.6/14.8)*100%Explanation
To calculate the student’s percent error in determining the percent by mass of water in a sample of BaCl2 * H2O, we first need to determine the absolute error, which is the difference between the experimental value (16.4%) and the accepted value (14.8%). The absolute error is:16.4% - 14.8% = 1.6%Next, the percent error is calculated by dividing the absolute error by the accepted value and then multiplying by 100 to convert it into a percentage. This is expressed as:(1.6 / 14.8) * 100%Thus, the student's percent error in this calculation is:(1.6 / 14.8) * 100% = 10.81%This result indicates how much the student's measurement deviated from the accepted value in percentage terms.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The symmetrical structure of the CH4 molecule is due to the fact that the four single bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms are directed toward the corners of a:
- A.
Triangle
- B.
Tetrahedron
- C.
Square
- D.
Rectangle
Correct Answer
B. TetrahedronExplanation
The symmetrical structure of the CH4 molecule is due to the fact that the four single bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms are directed toward the corners of a tetrahedron. This means that the molecule has a three-dimensional shape with four identical triangular faces, where each hydrogen atom occupies one corner of the tetrahedron and is equidistant from the carbon atom. This arrangement ensures that the molecule is symmetrical and balanced.Rate this question:
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- 24.
How much work is done on a downhill skier by an average braking force of 9.8 X 102 newtons to stop her in a distance of 10 meters?
- A.
1.0 X 10^1 J
- B.
9.8 X 10^1 J
- C.
1.0 X 10^3 J
- D.
9.8 X 10^3 J
Correct Answer
D. 9.8 X 10^3 JExplanation
The work done on an object by a force can be calculated using the formula:Work = Force x Distancewhere the force and distance are in the direction of each other.For the downhill skier being stopped by a braking force:Force = 9.8 x 10^2 Newtons (since 9.8 X 102 Newtons means 980 Newtons)Distance = 10 metersPlugging these values into the formula gives:Work = 980 Newtons x 10 meters = 9800 JoulesThus, the work done on the skier is 9.8 x 10^3 Joules, which is the energy used by the braking force to bring the skier to a stop.Rate this question:
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- 25.
What is the absence of measurable electrical resistance in certain substances at temperatures close to zero degrees Kelvin?
- A.
Resistivity
- B.
Conductivity
- C.
Malleability
- D.
Superconductivity
Correct Answer
D. SuperconductivityExplanation
Superconductivity is the phenomenon where certain materials exhibit zero electrical resistance and the expulsion of magnetic fields (Meissner effect) when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature close to zero degrees Kelvin. This state allows for the free flow of electric current without energy loss, which has significant implications for power transmission, magnetic levitation, and various other technological applications. The discovery and exploration of superconducting materials continue to be a major focus in materials science and physics due to their potential to revolutionize many aspects of modern technology.Rate this question:
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- 26.
What do you call the phylum of marine and freshwater invertebrates which live permanently attached to rocks and other surfaces? Its body is hollow and consists of an aggregation of millions of single-celled organisms.
- A.
Mollusca
- B.
Echinodermata
- C.
Porifera
- D.
Nematoda
Correct Answer
C. PoriferaExplanation
Porifera, commonly known as sponges, is the phylum that includes marine and freshwater invertebrates which typically live attached to surfaces such as rocks. Poriferans are characterized by their porous bodies and a simple organization. Their bodies are hollow and consist essentially of an aggregation of cells that function more or less independently, resembling a colony of single-celled organisms. Sponges do not have nervous, digestive or circulatory systems, and they maintain their structure with the help of a skeleton made of spicules or spongin, a flexible material. They filter feed by drawing water through their porous bodies.Rate this question:
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- 27.
What do you call a liquid with a high content of nitrogen, antibodies and vitamins secreted from mammary glands just after giving birth, and prior to the flow of proper milk?
- A.
Milk
- B.
Colostrum
- C.
Nestogen
- D.
Sweat
Correct Answer
B. ColostrumExplanation
Colostrum is the term used to describe the first form of milk produced by the mammary glands of mammals immediately following delivery of the newborn. This initial secretion is rich in nutrients, including proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and antibodies, which are crucial for the newborn's immunity. Colostrum plays a key role in providing essential nutritional components that promote growth and fight infection in the early days of a newborn's life, prior to the production of more mature milk. It is especially known for its high levels of antibodies and growth factors that help in the development and protection of infants.Rate this question:
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- 28.
What do you call the reactions in which the hydrogen ion of an acid and the hydroxide ion of a base unite to form water?
- A.
Hydrolysis
- B.
Decomposition
- C.
Displacement
- D.
Neutralization
Correct Answer
D. NeutralizationExplanation
The reactions in which the hydrogen ion (H⁺) of an acid and the hydroxide ion (OH⁻) of a base unite to form water (H₂O) are called neutralization reactions. These reactions are a fundamental concept in chemistry and are often represented by chemical equations in the form:
Acid + Base → Water + Salt
In a neutralization reaction, the acidic and basic properties are neutralized, leading to the formation of water and a salt. This process typically results in a solution with a pH closer to 7, which is considered neutral on the pH scale.Rate this question:
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- 29.
What term to the part of the nitrogen cycle where nitrogen compounds are formed by certain bacteria from the free nitrogen in the air?
- A.
Fixation of Atmospheric Nitrogen
- B.
Denitrification
- C.
Nitrate leaching from soil
- D.
Release of NH4 by decomposition
Correct Answer
A. Fixation of AtmospHeric NitrogenExplanation
Fixation of Atmospheric Nitrogen refers to the process in the nitrogen cycle where certain bacteria convert free nitrogen in the air into nitrogen compounds. This process is essential for making nitrogen available to plants and other organisms in the ecosystem. Denitrification, nitrate leaching from soil, and release of NH4 by decomposition are other processes in the nitrogen cycle, but they do not specifically involve the formation of nitrogen compounds from free nitrogen in the air.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Which lustrous, white metal conducts heat and electricity most easily and is highly valued for ornamental and industrial use?
- A.
Cadmium
- B.
Tin
- C.
Bismuth
- D.
Silver
Correct Answer
D. SilverExplanation
The lustrous, white metal that conducts heat and electricity most easily and is highly valued for ornamental and industrial use is silver. Silver is known for its excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, which makes it essential in various industrial applications, including electronics and the production of conductive coatings. It is also highly valued for its decorative and ornamental uses, including jewelry and silverware.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which two metals make-up brass?
- A.
Copper and nickel
- B.
Iron and zinc
- C.
Copper and zinc
- D.
Zinc and nickel
Correct Answer
C. Copper and zincExplanation
Brass is an alloy made up of copper and zinc. Copper is the main component of brass, providing its characteristic reddish-brown color and malleability. Zinc is added to copper to improve its strength and hardness, as well as to enhance its corrosion resistance. The combination of copper and zinc in brass creates a versatile and durable material that is commonly used in various applications, such as plumbing fixtures, musical instruments, and decorative items.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Which of the following statements about food chains and energy flow through ecosystems is FALSE?
- A.
Detritivores feed at all trophic levels except the producer level.
- B.
The lower the trophic level at which an organism feeds, the more energy available.
- C.
Food webs include two or more food chains.
- D.
A single organism can feed at several trophic levels.
Correct Answer
A. Detritivores feed at all tropHic levels except the producer level.Explanation
Detritivores, such as earthworms and fungi, feed on dead organic matter (detritus) from all trophic levels, including producers. They play a crucial role in recycling nutrients and breaking down organic matter, making them essential components of ecosystems. The other statements are true: the lower the trophic level, the more energy available; food webs consist of interconnected food chains; and some organisms can feed at multiple trophic levels, occupying different roles in the ecosystem.Rate this question:
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- 33.
When a doctor gives you an antibiotic when you are sick, he/she always tells you to keep taking the antibiotic until it is all finished. The reason he/she tells you this is because:
- A.
It is wasteful not to finish all the antibiotic.
- B.
Viruses require high doses of antibiotics to kill them.
- C.
Allowing the more antibiotic-tolerant bacteria to survive may encourage a population of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to evolve.
- D.
A long period of antibiotic use is required to prevent secondary virus infection.
Correct Answer
C. Allowing the more antibiotic-tolerant bacteria to survive may encourage a population of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to evolve.Explanation
When a doctor gives you an antibiotic, they always tell you to finish the entire course because allowing the more antibiotic-tolerant bacteria to survive may encourage a population of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to evolve. This means that if you stop taking the antibiotic before completing the course, some bacteria may survive and develop resistance to the antibiotic. These antibiotic-resistant bacteria can then multiply and spread, making it harder to treat infections in the future. Therefore, it is important to finish the entire course of antibiotics to ensure that all bacteria are eliminated and reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Under a light microscope, tiny dots can be seen in the cytoplasm of living plant and animal cells. These are likely to be:
- A.
Chloroplasts
- B.
Ribosomes
- C.
Mitochondria
- D.
Nuclei
Correct Answer
B. RibosomesExplanation
Under a light microscope, tiny dots seen in the cytoplasm of living plant and animal cells are likely to be ribosomes. Ribosomes are small, spherical organelles involved in protein synthesis. They can be found in the cytoplasm of cells and are responsible for translating genetic information from DNA into proteins.Rate this question:
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- 35.
An organism has the genotype AaBbCCDd. How many possible combinations of alleles do the gametes of this organism produce?
- A.
2
- B.
4
- C.
6
- D.
8
Correct Answer
D. 8Explanation
The organism has four different gene loci, each with two possible alleles. The number of possible combinations of alleles in the gametes can be calculated by multiplying the number of possible alleles at each locus. Therefore, 2 x 2 x 2 = 8 possible combinations of alleles can be produced by the gametes of this organism.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Brown eyes are dominant over blue eyes. Which cross would produce a blue-eyed child?
- A.
BB x bb
- B.
Bb x Bb
- C.
BB X BB
- D.
BB x Bb
Correct Answer
B. Bb x BbExplanation
In genetics, eye color can be simplified as a trait controlled by dominant and recessive alleles. Brown eyes (B) are dominant over blue eyes (b). For a child to have blue eyes, they must inherit two recessive alleles (bb).BB x bb: All children will have one B allele from the BB parent and one b allele from the bb parent, resulting in brown eyes (Bb).Bb x Bb: This cross can produce children with any combination of B and b alleles. Specifically, there's a 25% chance for a child to receive a b allele from each parent, resulting in blue eyes (bb).BB x BB: All children will inherit B alleles from both parents, resulting in brown eyes (BB).BB x Bb: All children will inherit at least one B allele, leading to brown eyes (BB or Bb).Therefore, the only cross that could potentially produce a blue-eyed child is Bb x Bb, as there is a possibility for the child to inherit the recessive b allele from both parents.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The more active the cell/tissue such as muscle, the greater the number of__________
- A.
Chromosomes
- B.
Mitochondria
- C.
Nuclei
- D.
Lysosomes
Correct Answer
B. MitochondriaExplanation
The more active a cell or tissue, such as muscle, the greater the number of mitochondria. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. Active cells require more energy to carry out their functions, and therefore, they need more mitochondria to meet their energy demands. This is why the number of mitochondria increases in cells or tissues that are highly active.Rate this question:
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- 38.
What do you call the type of cell division exhibited by sex cells wherein the chromosome number of the four daughter cell is reduces to half the somatic number?
- A.
Mitosis
- B.
Meiosis
- C.
Fission
- D.
Budding
Correct Answer
B. MeiosisExplanation
Meiosis is the correct answer because it is the type of cell division exhibited by sex cells, also known as gametes. In meiosis, the chromosome number of the four daughter cells is reduced to half the somatic number, allowing for genetic variation and the production of haploid cells. Mitosis, on the other hand, is the type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell. Fission and budding are different forms of asexual reproduction and not related to the reduction of chromosome number.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Mutation is caused by all of the following except:
- A.
Chemicals
- B.
Viruses
- C.
Surgery
- D.
Radiation
Correct Answer
C. SurgeryExplanation
Mutation refers to a change in the DNA sequence of an organism. It can be caused by various factors such as chemicals, viruses, and radiation. However, surgery is not a known cause of mutation. Surgery involves physical manipulation of tissues or organs, but it does not directly affect the DNA sequence. Therefore, surgery is not a cause of mutation.Rate this question:
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- 40.
What type of reproduction involves gametes?
- A.
Fission
- B.
Sexual
- C.
Fusion
- D.
Asexual
Correct Answer
B. SexualExplanation
Sexual reproduction involves the production of gametes (sperm and egg cells) which fuse together during fertilization to form a new individual. This type of reproduction allows for genetic variation and diversity in offspring, as the genetic material from two parents is combined. In contrast, asexual reproduction does not involve the production of gametes and offspring are genetically identical to the parent. Fission is a type of asexual reproduction where an organism splits into two or more parts, while fusion refers to the merging of two or more gametes during sexual reproduction.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Viruses are not considered free-living because
- A.
Their cells lack cytoplasm
- B.
Their cells contain DNA
- C.
They are too small to be seen by light microscopy
- D.
They cannot reproduce outside a living cell
Correct Answer
D. They cannot reproduce outside a living cellExplanation
Viruses are not considered free-living because they cannot reproduce outside a living cell. Unlike other organisms, viruses lack the necessary cellular machinery to carry out essential metabolic processes and reproduce on their own. They rely on infecting a host cell, taking over its machinery, and using it to replicate their genetic material and produce new virus particles. Without a living cell to infect and replicate in, viruses are unable to survive or reproduce, making them dependent on a host organism for their survival.Rate this question:
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- 42.
The conversion of radiant energy in most plants are called
- A.
Fermentation
- B.
Photosynthesis
- C.
Respiration
- D.
Transpiration
Correct Answer
B. pHotosynthesisExplanation
Photosynthesis is the correct answer because it is the process by which plants convert radiant energy from the sun into chemical energy. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll and used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Photosynthesis is essential for the growth and survival of plants, as it provides them with the energy they need to carry out their metabolic processes. Fermentation, respiration, and transpiration are not processes involved in the conversion of radiant energy in plants.Rate this question:
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- 43.
It is the change in form or structure in an organ or organism during growth
- A.
Mitosis
- B.
Meiosis
- C.
Mutation
- D.
Metamorphosis
Correct Answer
D. MetamorpHosisExplanation
Metamorphosis refers to the change in form or structure of an organ or organism during growth. It involves a complete transformation, often accompanied by distinct stages, such as the caterpillar turning into a butterfly. Mitosis and meiosis are processes of cell division, while mutation refers to a change in DNA sequence. The given answer, metamorphosis, is the most appropriate choice as it specifically relates to the described change in form or structure during growth.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Oxygen laden blood pumped by the heart is supplied to different parts of the body through the channels called
- A.
Artery
- B.
Ventricles
- C.
Aorta
- D.
Veins
Correct Answer
A. ArteryExplanation
Oxygen-laden blood is pumped from the heart to various parts of the body through arteries. Arteries are the blood vessels responsible for carrying oxygen-rich blood away from the heart, except for the pulmonary arteries, which carry oxygen-poor blood to the lungs for oxygenation. The primary characteristics of arteries include thick, muscular walls to withstand the high pressure of blood being pumped directly from the heart.Rate this question:
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- 45.
It is the totality of an individual’s physical, intellectual, emotional and social characteristics
- A.
Adaptation
- B.
Personality
- C.
Individuality
- D.
Heredity
Correct Answer
B. PersonalityExplanation
Personality encompasses the totality of an individual’s physical, intellectual, emotional, and social characteristics. It defines how a person thinks, feels, and behaves, and is influenced by both genetic factors (heredity) and environmental factors. Adaptation refers to how well an individual adjusts to changes, individuality is the unique set of characteristics that distinguish one person from another, and heredity is the passing of traits from parents to offspring.Rate this question:
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- 46.
The transport system of the human body is the
- A.
Digestive system
- B.
Respiratory system
- C.
Circulatory system
- D.
Endocrine system
Correct Answer
C. Circulatory systemExplanation
The circulatory system is responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other essential substances throughout the body. It consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients, while the respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The endocrine system is responsible for producing and regulating hormones. However, the circulatory system is specifically designed to transport these substances to all parts of the body, making it the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 47.
They are bacteria that feed on dead materials.
- A.
Harmful bacteria
- B.
Scavengers
- C.
Germs
- D.
Saprophytes
Correct Answer
D. SapropHytesExplanation
The term for bacteria that feed on dead materials is "saprophytes." Saprophytic bacteria are decomposers that play a vital role in breaking down organic matter, such as dead plants and animals, into simpler substances, thereby recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. They are not typically considered harmful bacteria or germs. "Scavengers" is a more general term that can refer to various organisms, including animals, that feed on dead or decaying matter.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Some organisms living in a garden included dragonflies, bugs, roses, grasshoppers, grasses, worms and spiders. Collectively, these organisms represent a
- A.
Biome
- B.
Community
- C.
Habitat
- D.
Population
Correct Answer
B. CommunityExplanation
The organisms listed in the question are all living in the same garden, indicating that they are interacting with each other and sharing the same resources. This suggests that they form a community, which refers to a group of different species living in the same area and interacting with each other. A biome refers to a large geographical area with similar climate and vegetation, so it is not the correct answer. Habitat refers to the specific environment where an organism lives, and population refers to a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area, both of which are more specific than the given scenario.Rate this question:
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- 49.
DNA is to genes as chromatin is to
- A.
Mitosis
- B.
Blood
- C.
Allele
- D.
Chromosome
Correct Answer
D. ChromosomeExplanation
DNA is the genetic material that carries the instructions for making proteins and other molecules in the cell. Genes are specific segments of DNA that contain the instructions for making a particular protein. Similarly, chromatin refers to the DNA and proteins that make up the chromosomes. Chromosomes are structures that contain the DNA and genes, and they play a crucial role in the organization and transmission of genetic information during cell division. Therefore, the analogy suggests that chromatin is the material that makes up chromosomes, just as DNA is the material that makes up genes.Rate this question:
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- 50.
The totality of pattern of relationship between living organisms and their environment is the basic concern of
- A.
Physiology
- B.
Botany
- C.
Biology
- D.
Ecology
Correct Answer
D. EcologyExplanation
Ecology is the study of the relationships between living organisms and their environment. It focuses on understanding the interactions, adaptations, and dependencies between different species and their surroundings. Physiology is the study of the functions and processes of living organisms, botany is the study of plants, and biology is the study of living organisms in general. However, ecology specifically looks at the overall patterns and dynamics of how organisms interact with each other and their environment, making it the correct answer in this context.Rate this question:
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Oct 30, 2024Quiz Edited by
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