Water Soluble Vitamins Quiz

Scurvy is a condition caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C. Vitamin C is essential for the synthesis of collagen, a protein that helps in the formation of connective tissues, skin, blood vessels, and bones. Its deficiency leads to symptoms like fatigue, weakness, swollen gums, joint pain, and impaired wound healing. Therefore, the correct answer is Vitamin C.

Pellagra is a condition caused by a deficiency of niacin (vitamin B3) in the diet. Symptoms of pellagra include dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and eventually death if left untreated. Therefore, pellagra is the correct answer to the question asking for the term used to describe a deficiency of niacin. Scurvy is a deficiency of vitamin C, beri beri is a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1), and pernicious anemia is a deficiency of vitamin B12.

Pyridoxine is the correct answer because it is a water-soluble vitamin that belongs to the B-complex group. Also known as vitamin B6, it plays a crucial role in various bodily functions such as metabolism, brain development, and the production of neurotransmitters. Pyridoxine is essential for the synthesis of red blood cells and helps maintain a healthy immune system. It can be found in foods like fish, poultry, bananas, and chickpeas.

The 3Ds of Pellegra are dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. Dysgeusia, which refers to a distorted sense of taste, is not one of the symptoms associated with Pellegra.

Niacin is a form of Vitamin B3. It is essential for the body's metabolism, energy production, and maintaining healthy skin, nerves, and digestive system. Niacin helps convert food into energy and plays a crucial role in DNA repair and cell signaling. Therefore, the correct answer is 3, as niacin belongs to the B vitamin group.

Beri beri is a classic deficiency disease that is caused by a lack of thiamine, also known as vitamin B1. Thiamine is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in the conversion of carbohydrates into energy. A deficiency in thiamine can lead to symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, nerve damage, and cardiovascular problems. Therefore, the correct answer is Thiamine.

Folate, also known as Vitamin B9, is essential for the development of the neural tube in a fetus. Neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, can occur when there is a deficiency of folate during pregnancy. Folate plays a crucial role in DNA synthesis and cell division, which are important processes for the development of the neural tube. Therefore, too little folate can lead to these defects, making it the correct answer in this case.

Cobalamin, also known as vitamin B12, works with folic acid. Both cobalamin and folic acid are essential for the production of red blood cells and for the proper functioning of the nervous system. They work together in a process called methylation, where they help convert homocysteine into methionine, an important amino acid. This process is crucial for DNA synthesis and cell division. Therefore, cobalamin and folic acid complement each other in various biological processes, making cobalamin the correct answer.

Vitamin B12 is only present in animal foods. This is because it is produced by bacteria found in the intestines of animals. Therefore, plant-based foods do not naturally contain this vitamin. It is important for functions such as the production of red blood cells and the maintenance of the nervous system. Vegetarians and vegans are often advised to take B12 supplements or consume fortified foods to ensure they meet their dietary needs for this vitamin.

Vitamin C facilitates the development of RBC's by enhancing iron absorption. Iron is an essential nutrient for the production of red blood cells, and vitamin C helps in the absorption of iron from the diet. It aids in converting iron in the diet into a form that can be easily absorbed by the body, thus promoting the synthesis of red blood cells.

Pantothenic Acid is the correct answer because it plays a crucial role in the structure and function of coenzyme A (CoA). CoA is an essential molecule that is involved in various metabolic processes, including the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins for energy production. Pantothenic Acid is a precursor to CoA and is required for its synthesis. Without sufficient levels of Pantothenic Acid, the production of CoA would be compromised, leading to disruptions in metabolic pathways and energy production.

Deficiency caused by ingestion of the protein avidin from raw egg whites is too little biotin. Avidin binds to biotin, preventing its absorption in the body. Biotin is an essential vitamin that plays a crucial role in metabolism, energy production, and the health of the skin, hair, and nails. Therefore, when biotin absorption is hindered, it can lead to biotin deficiency, causing symptoms such as hair loss, skin rash, fatigue, and neurological problems.

Cobalamin, also known as vitamin B12, is essential for the production of mature red blood cells in the bone marrow. Too little or too much of this vitamin can disrupt the normal process of red blood cell production, leading to pernicious anemia. Pernicious anemia is a condition where the body is unable to absorb enough vitamin B12, resulting in a deficiency that impairs the production of mature red blood cells.

Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is sensitive to light and can sometimes have a green tinge when exposed to light. This is why milk, which contains riboflavin, can appear slightly greenish in color when left in sunlight for a period of time.

Cantaloupe, strawberries, green peppers, potatoes, cabbage, and tomatoes are all known for their high content of Vitamin C. Vitamin C is an essential nutrient that acts as an antioxidant, helping to protect cells from damage and supporting the immune system. It also plays a crucial role in collagen synthesis, which is important for healthy skin, bones, and blood vessels. Therefore, these fruits and vegetables are excellent sources of Vitamin C.

Riboflavin is the correct answer because it is a vitamin that is stable in heat but sensitive to light. This means that it can withstand high temperatures without being destroyed, but exposure to light can cause it to break down and lose its potency. This sensitivity to light is why riboflavin is often stored in dark containers or opaque packaging to protect it from light degradation.

Milk is the best source of Riboflavin because it is a rich and easily accessible source of this essential vitamin. Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, plays a crucial role in energy production, metabolism, and the maintenance of healthy skin, eyes, and nervous system. Milk is not only a good source of Riboflavin, but it also contains other important nutrients like calcium and protein. Therefore, including milk in the diet can help ensure an adequate intake of Riboflavin and promote overall health and well-being.

Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, is 90% absorbed when consumed. It is easily destroyed by various factors such as light, heat, air, alkali, iron, and copper. This means that exposure to these elements can significantly reduce the effectiveness and potency of ascorbic acid. Therefore, it is important to handle and store foods rich in vitamin C properly to ensure its nutritional benefits are preserved.

Folic acid is essential for DNA synthesis and cell division. It plays a crucial role in the production and maintenance of new cells in the body. Folic acid is needed for the synthesis of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA. It is also involved in the formation of red blood cells and helps in the proper development of the fetal neural tube during pregnancy. Deficiency of folic acid can lead to impaired DNA synthesis and cell division, resulting in various health problems.

Water-soluble vitamins are not stored in the body and need to be consumed regularly. They are also sensitive to heat and light, which can cause their degradation. Additionally, water-soluble vitamins can promote bacterial growth if they are not stored properly. However, they are not found mostly in adipose tissue. Adipose tissue primarily stores fat-soluble vitamins, while water-soluble vitamins are found in the bloodstream and other body fluids.

Cobalamin, also known as vitamin B12, can be stored in the liver for 20-30 years. This is because cobalamin is a water-soluble vitamin that can be stored in the body for long periods of time. It is primarily stored in the liver, where it can be released and utilized when needed. This long-term storage ability makes cobalamin unique compared to other vitamins, which are typically not stored in large amounts in the body.

Thiamine deficiency is known to cause Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, a neurological disorder characterized by confusion, memory loss, and difficulty with coordination. Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and the proper functioning of the nervous system. Without enough thiamine, the brain can't produce sufficient energy, leading to the development of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Niacin, riboflavin, and cobalamin deficiencies can cause other health issues, but they are not specifically associated with this syndrome.

Intrinsic and extrinsic factors are related to the absorption of cobalamin, also known as vitamin B12. Intrinsic factors are proteins produced by the stomach that bind to cobalamin and facilitate its absorption in the small intestine. Extrinsic factors, on the other hand, refer to dietary factors such as animal proteins that contain cobalamin and are necessary for its absorption. Therefore, cobalamin is the correct answer as it is directly associated with intrinsic and extrinsic factors in the context of absorption.

The RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) of Riboflavin for adult women is 1.1 mg/day. Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is an essential nutrient that plays a key role in energy production, metabolism, and the maintenance of healthy skin and eyes. This RDA value represents the average daily intake required to meet the nutritional needs of most healthy individuals in this demographic group. It is important for women to consume an adequate amount of riboflavin through their diet to support overall health and well-being.

Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, is one of the two vitamins that include sulfur in their chemical structure. As a water-soluble vitamin, it plays a crucial role in the proper functioning of the heart, muscles, and nervous system. Thiamine is indispensable in daily dietary intake as it is vital for processing fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. The vitamin facilitates the conversion of carbohydrates into energy, contributing to maintaining a regular metabolism.

Niacin deficiency can lead to various oral implications. Cheilosis refers to the inflammation and cracking of the lips, which can occur due to niacin deficiency. Sore tongue, also known as glossitis, is another oral manifestation of niacin deficiency. Inflammation of the oral mucosa, or stomatitis, can also be caused by niacin deficiency. However, gingivitis, which is the inflammation of the gums, is not typically associated with niacin deficiency.

Eating polished rice causes a deficiency of vitamin B1. Polished rice is rice that has had the outer husk, bran, and germ removed, which also removes a significant amount of the vitamin B1 content. Vitamin B1, also known as thiamine, is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system and the metabolism of carbohydrates. Therefore, consuming polished rice without other sources of vitamin B1 can lead to a deficiency of this important vitamin.

Pantothenic acid is needed in the release of ATP. Pantothenic acid is a B-vitamin that is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. It plays a crucial role in the synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA), which is required for the production of ATP through the citric acid cycle. CoA is involved in various metabolic pathways, including the breakdown of glucose for energy production. Therefore, pantothenic acid is necessary for the release of ATP, the main energy currency of cells.

Biotin is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. It plays a crucial role in converting food into energy and maintaining healthy skin, hair, and nails. Liver, egg yolk, peanut butter, and soy flour are all rich sources of biotin. This vitamin is necessary for the proper functioning of enzymes involved in various metabolic processes in the body.

The daily requirement of Vitamin C is 75-90mg. This is the recommended amount of Vitamin C that individuals should consume daily in order to maintain good health. Vitamin C is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, including immune function, collagen synthesis, and antioxidant protection. Consuming an adequate amount of Vitamin C can help prevent deficiencies and support overall well-being.

Failure to grow, eye fatigue, and bloodshot eyes are common symptoms of a deficiency in riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2. Riboflavin is essential for the proper growth and development of the body, including the eyes. It plays a crucial role in energy production, metabolism, and the maintenance of healthy skin, eyes, and nervous system. When there is a deficiency of riboflavin, these symptoms may occur, indicating the importance of this vitamin in maintaining overall health.

Riboflavin is involved in energy transfer reactions, fatty/amino acid synthesis, and cellular growth. It plays a crucial role in the conversion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into energy, making it essential for overall energy production in the body. Riboflavin is also necessary for the synthesis of fatty acids and amino acids, which are building blocks for cellular growth and repair. Therefore, riboflavin is the correct answer for this question.

Vitamin C is essential for the formation of fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and odontoblasts. Fibroblasts are responsible for producing collagen, which is necessary for wound healing and maintaining the structure of connective tissues. Osteoblasts are involved in bone formation, while odontoblasts contribute to the development of dentin in teeth. Vitamin C plays a crucial role in the synthesis of collagen, which is why it is necessary for the formation and maintenance of these cell types.

Pyridoxine, also known as vitamin B6, is involved in protein metabolism and helps form blood. It plays a crucial role in the synthesis of hemoglobin, the protein responsible for carrying oxygen in red blood cells. Pyridoxine is also involved in the metabolism of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins. It helps convert amino acids into usable forms, allowing for the production of new proteins. Additionally, pyridoxine is important for the proper functioning of the immune system and nervous system.

Thiamine is the correct answer because it is a vitamin that is found in whole and enriched grains, lean pork, dry beans, peas, and potatoes. Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, plays a crucial role in converting food into energy and maintaining the health of the nervous system. It is important for proper functioning of the heart, muscles, and digestive system.

Vitamin C is the correct answer because excessive intake of this vitamin can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. It can also interfere with the effectiveness of anticoagulant medications, increasing the risk of bleeding. Vitamin B6, B12, and folic acid do not typically cause these side effects when consumed in excess.

Biotin is a vitamin that is necessary for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. It plays a crucial role in converting food into energy. While meat and fruit are generally rich in vitamins and minerals, they are not considered good sources of biotin. Biotin is more commonly found in foods such as eggs, nuts, seeds, and certain vegetables. Therefore, the correct answer is biotin.

Pyridoxine, also known as vitamin B6, helps with PMS, carpal tunnel, and nausea. It plays a crucial role in the production of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine, which regulate mood and reduce PMS symptoms. Pyridoxine also aids in the metabolism of homocysteine, reducing the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome. Additionally, it helps alleviate nausea by reducing the production of histamine, a chemical that triggers vomiting. Therefore, pyridoxine is the correct answer for this question.

Cobalamin, also known as vitamin B12, may help in preventing depression. This vitamin plays a crucial role in the production of serotonin and dopamine, which are neurotransmitters that regulate mood and emotions. Low levels of cobalamin have been linked to an increased risk of depression and other mental health disorders. Therefore, ensuring an adequate intake of cobalamin through diet or supplements may help prevent depression.

Cobalamin, also known as vitamin B12, is considered the most stable among the B vitamins. Stability, in the context of vitamins, refers to the ability of a compound to resist degradation or breakdown, particularly when exposed to factors like heat, light, or oxygen. Vitamin B12 is relatively stable because it contains a complex structure with a cobalt ion at its center. This structural complexity contributes to its resistance to degradation under various conditions. In contrast, other B vitamins like thiamin (vitamin B1) and niacin (vitamin B3) may be more susceptible to degradation under certain environmental factors.

Alcohol, tobacco, oral contraceptives, and aspirin can all interfere with the absorption, utilization, or metabolism of Vitamin C. These substances can deplete the body's Vitamin C levels or inhibit its function, leading to a deficiency. Vitamin C is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in immune function, collagen synthesis, and antioxidant protection. Therefore, the consumption or use of these substances can negatively impact the body's Vitamin C status and potentially lead to various health problems associated with Vitamin C deficiency.

Thiamin is needed in proper nerve function and the formation of DNA and RNA. Thiamin, also known as vitamin B1, plays a crucial role in the metabolism of carbohydrates, which provides energy for nerve cells. It is also involved in the synthesis of DNA and RNA, which are essential for the proper functioning and growth of cells. Thiamin deficiency can lead to nerve damage and impaired DNA and RNA synthesis, resulting in various neurological and cognitive problems. Therefore, thiamin is necessary for maintaining healthy nerves and supporting the formation of DNA and RNA.

Niacin is not destroyed by light, unlike the other options. Pyridoxine, Riboflavin, and Ascorbic Acid are all sensitive to light and can be degraded or destroyed when exposed to it. Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, is relatively stable and not affected by light.

Folate is reduced in absorption when taking an antacid. Antacids, which are used to neutralize stomach acid, can interfere with the absorption of folate in the small intestine. Folate is an important vitamin that plays a crucial role in the synthesis and repair of DNA, as well as in cell division and growth. A decrease in folate absorption can lead to folate deficiency, which can cause anemia, fatigue, and impaired immune function. Therefore, individuals taking antacids should be mindful of their folate intake and consider supplementation if necessary.

Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, is the correct answer because it is primarily stored in the muscles and to a lesser extent in the liver. Thiamine is an essential nutrient that plays a vital role in energy metabolism and the functioning of the nervous system. It is important for the proper functioning of muscles and is involved in the conversion of carbohydrates into energy. Therefore, the majority of thiamine is stored in the muscles, where it can be readily accessed when needed.

Riboflavin is not used to enrich grains. Thiamine, niacin, and folic acid are commonly added to grains to increase their nutritional value. Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is typically found in dairy products, eggs, and meat. While riboflavin is an important nutrient, it is not typically added to grains during the enrichment process.

Niacin is essential for steroid and RBC formation. Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, plays a crucial role in the synthesis of steroid hormones, such as cortisol, estrogen, and testosterone. These hormones are important for various physiological processes, including metabolism, immune function, and reproduction. Additionally, niacin is necessary for the production of red blood cells (RBCs), which are responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. A deficiency in niacin can lead to conditions like pellagra, characterized by symptoms such as dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. Therefore, niacin is essential for the formation of steroids and RBCs.

Folate is the correct answer because it is a water-soluble vitamin that is easily destroyed by heat and light. Commercial food preparation methods, such as boiling or prolonged cooking, can cause a significant loss of folate content in plant foods. Therefore, the best sources of folate are vegetables, legumes, and fruits, which are rich in this vitamin. Vitamin B12, B3, and C are not as sensitive to heat and are less likely to be destroyed during food preparation.