What Is Psychology? (Ch 1,2)

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  • 1/12 Questions

    What is a prediction or assumpition about behavior that is tested through scientific research?

    • Placebo
    • Hypothesis
    • Hypnosis
    • Motivation
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About This Quiz

Explore foundational psychology concepts through this engaging quiz covering key historical figures and theories. Assess your understanding of observable behaviors, structuralism, associationism, reinforcement, and behaviorism, essential for students of psychology.

What Is Psychology? (Ch 1,2) - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Who founded psychoanalysis?

    • John Locke

    • Issac Newton

    • Sigmund Frued

    • Kurt Koffka

    Correct Answer
    A. Sigmund Frued
    Explanation
    Sigmund Freud is the correct answer because he is widely recognized as the founder of psychoanalysis. He developed this field of study in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, revolutionizing the understanding of the human mind and behavior. Freud's theories, such as the unconscious mind, the role of dreams, and the importance of early childhood experiences, have had a significant impact on psychology and continue to be influential today.

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  • 3. 

    What type of psychologist is concerned with helping students learn?

    • Counseling Psychology

    • Clinical Psychology

    • Educational Psychology

    • Developemental Psychology

    Correct Answer
    A. Educational Psychology
    Explanation
    Educational psychology is the correct answer because this branch of psychology focuses on understanding how students learn and develop in educational settings. Educational psychologists study various factors that influence learning, such as cognitive processes, motivation, and instructional strategies. They also work with teachers, parents, and administrators to improve educational practices and create supportive learning environments.

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  • 4. 

    What is an inert substance used in controlled experiments to test the effectiveness of another substance?

    • Placebo

    • Psychiatrist

    • Basic research

    • Forensic

    Correct Answer
    A. Placebo
    Explanation
    A placebo is an inert substance used in controlled experiments to test the effectiveness of another substance. It is often given to a control group, who believes they are receiving the active substance, but in reality, they are receiving a harmless substance with no therapeutic effect. This allows researchers to compare the effects of the active substance with the effects of the placebo, helping to determine the true effectiveness of the active substance. Placebos are commonly used in medical and psychological research to account for the placebo effect, where a person's belief in a treatment can influence their response to it.

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  • 5. 

    What is an action that can be observed or measured?

    • Structuralism

    • Behavior

    • Hypothesis

    • Psychodynamic thinking

    Correct Answer
    A. Behavior
    Explanation
    Behavior is an action that can be observed or measured. It refers to any observable or measurable action, reaction, or response of an individual or organism. It can include a wide range of activities such as physical movements, verbal communication, facial expressions, and emotional reactions. By studying behavior, researchers can gather empirical data and make objective observations about an individual or group's actions, which can help in understanding various psychological processes and phenomena.

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  • 6. 

    Who founded the school of behaviorism?

    • John B. Watson

    • Plato

    • Nicolaus Copernicus

    • Wilhelm Wundt

    Correct Answer
    A. John B. Watson
    Explanation
    John B. Watson is the correct answer because he is widely recognized as the founder of the school of behaviorism. Behaviorism is a psychological approach that emphasizes the study of observable behaviors and the role of the environment in shaping behavior. Watson's famous "Little Albert" experiment, in which he conditioned a young child to fear a white rat, is a classic example of behaviorist principles. His work laid the foundation for the behaviorist movement and had a significant impact on the field of psychology.

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  • 7. 

    Who introduced the concept of reinforcement?

    • Hippocrates

    • Aristotle

    • William James

    • B.F. Skinner

    Correct Answer
    A. B.F. Skinner
    Explanation
    B.F. Skinner introduced the concept of reinforcement. Skinner was a psychologist and behaviorist who developed the theory of operant conditioning, which focuses on how behaviors are influenced by their consequences. He believed that reinforcement, either positive or negative, is a powerful tool in shaping and controlling behavior. Skinner conducted numerous experiments with animals and humans to support his theory and demonstrated that reinforcement can be used to increase the likelihood of a desired behavior occurring again in the future. His work had a significant impact on the field of psychology and continues to be influential today.

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  • 8. 

    Who founded structuralism?

    • Wilhelm Wundt

    • John B. Watson

    • William James

    • Max Wertheimer

    Correct Answer
    A. Wilhelm Wundt
    Explanation
    Wilhelm Wundt is the correct answer because he is considered the founder of structuralism. He established the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany in 1879, where he conducted experiments and observations to study the structure of the human mind. Wundt believed that by analyzing the basic elements of consciousness, such as sensations and feelings, one could understand the overall structure of the mind. His approach laid the foundation for the development of structuralism as a psychological school of thought.

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  • 9. 

    What type of psychologist is trained to evaluate psychological problems through the use of interviews and psychological testing?

    • Clinical psychologist

    • Educational psychologist

    • Conseling psychologist

    • Developmental psychologist

    Correct Answer
    A. Clinical psychologist
    Explanation
    Clinical psychologists are trained to evaluate psychological problems through the use of interviews and psychological testing. They have expertise in diagnosing and treating mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders. They work with individuals of all ages and backgrounds, using various assessment tools and techniques to understand and address their clients' psychological issues. Clinical psychologists often work in healthcare settings, private practices, or academic institutions, providing therapy, conducting research, and offering guidance to individuals seeking help for their psychological concerns.

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  • 10. 

    What is the school of psychology that looks at the basic elements of conscious experience?

    • Behavorism

    • Psychodynamic thinking

    • Gestalt psychology

    • Structuralism

    Correct Answer
    A. Structuralism
    Explanation
    Structuralism is the school of psychology that focuses on analyzing the basic elements of conscious experience. It emphasizes the study of the structure of the mind and the identification of its fundamental components. Structuralists believe that by breaking down conscious experiences into their basic elements, a deeper understanding of the mind can be achieved. This approach was pioneered by Wilhelm Wundt and his followers, who used introspection as a method to study the structure of the mind.

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  • 11. 

    Who wrote the first modern psychology textbook?

    • John B. Watson

    • Wilhelm Wundt

    • B.F. Skinner

    • William James

    Correct Answer
    A. William James
    Explanation
    William James is considered to have written the first modern psychology textbook. He published "The Principles of Psychology" in 1890, which became a seminal work in the field. James was an American psychologist and philosopher who made significant contributions to the development of psychology as a scientific discipline. His textbook provided a comprehensive overview of various psychological topics and theories, and it played a crucial role in establishing psychology as a distinct field of study.

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  • 12. 

    Which philosopher outlined the laws of associationism?

    • B.F. Skinner

    • John B. Watson

    • Aristotle

    • Sigmund Frued

    Correct Answer
    A. Aristotle
    Explanation
    Aristotle is the correct answer because he was the philosopher who outlined the laws of associationism. Associationism is a psychological theory that suggests that our thoughts and behaviors are formed through the association of ideas and experiences. Aristotle believed that our minds naturally associate ideas and that this association is the basis for learning and memory. He outlined these laws of association in his work, "De Memoria et Reminiscentia" (On Memory and Reminiscence).

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  • Current Version
  • Feb 07, 2025
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Jan 12, 2010
    Quiz Created by
    Jkelpers
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