Science Trivia For Class 5: Test Your Knowledge

Producers, such as plants and algae, are organisms that can make their own food through the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis uses energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (a type of sugar) and oxygen. This glucose is then used by the producers as a source of energy to grow and carry out their life functions. The other options are incorrect because they do not provide the primary energy source for photosynthesis.

Decomposers come last in every food chain because they break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem. They play a crucial role in the food chain by breaking down the remains of plants and animals, returning essential nutrients to the soil or water. This process allows for the continued growth of producers, which are then consumed by consumers, and the cycle repeats. Decomposers are essential for maintaining the balance and sustainability of ecosystems.

A vacuum is the absence of matter, not a state of matter itself. The states of matter are defined by the arrangement and behavior of molecules. In a solid, molecules are tightly packed and have a fixed shape. In a liquid, molecules are less tightly packed and can flow. In a gas, molecules are widely spaced and move freely. Plasma is a superheated state where atoms are ionized.

During the process of photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose (a type of sugar) and oxygen. Oxygen is produced as a byproduct of photosynthesis and is released into the atmosphere. This oxygen is essential for the survival of many organisms, including humans, as it is needed for respiration. Therefore, the correct answer is oxygen and glucose.

Plants are called producers because they have the ability to produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis. They convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen, which is a fundamental process for sustaining life on Earth. Unlike consumers, which obtain energy by consuming other organisms, and decomposers, which break down dead organic matter, plants are unique in their ability to synthesize their own food, making them the primary source of energy in most ecosystems.

 A food web refers to the interconnected feeding relationships between different organisms in an ecosystem. It consists of multiple food chains that overlap and interact with each other. Each food chain represents a series of organisms where one organism is eaten by another, forming a relatively linear pathway of energy transfer. The concept of interlapping food chains emphasizes the complex and interconnected nature of these relationships within an ecosystem.

In a food chain, the correct order is based on the flow of energy from producers to consumers. Carrots are the producers (plants) that are eaten by rabbits (herbivores), which are then eaten by foxes (carnivores). Fungi act as decomposers, breaking down dead organisms like the fox after it dies, returning nutrients to the soil. This sequence correctly represents the flow of energy in the food chain.

Decomposers play a vital role in returning nutrients to the ecosystem. They break down dead organisms and organic waste, releasing nutrients back into the environment. Through the process of decomposition, decomposers such as bacteria and fungi break down complex organic matter into simpler forms, which can then be utilized by producers (plants) to perform photosynthesis and produce food. This nutrient cycling is crucial for maintaining the balance and sustainability of the ecosystem.

An ecosystem refers to a community of organisms that live together in a specific area and interact with each other and their environment. It includes both living organisms, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, as well as the non-living components, such as soil, water, and air. The interactions within an ecosystem are complex and involve processes like energy flow, nutrient cycling, and ecological relationships. By studying ecosystems, scientists gain insights into the interdependence of organisms and their environment, helping to understand the functioning and balance of natural systems.

A food web describes the complex and interconnected relationships through which energy flows in an ecosystem, from producers like plants and algae that create their own food via photosynthesis, to various levels of consumers (herbivores, carnivores) that rely on each other for energy, and finally to decomposers that break down dead organisms. This network of energy transfers, more detailed than a linear food chain, showcases how each species is linked and emphasizes the balance necessary for ecological stability.